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People with disability such as visual impaired and also elderly for whom it's very hard to identify the screen text and area where the keyboard and mouse may not be an appropriate means of communication between systems, it would be a helpful to use voices to navigate and control the computer systems. Microsoft has designed an interface called SAPI (Speech Application Programming Interface) which supports dynamic speech input and output, and is integrated in our current operating systems. In this paper we have described a model which is developed for conversion of multilingual audio into multilingual editable text for continuous speech in offline mode. Automatic Speech Recognition, (ASR) is used that works with Dynamic Time Wrapping (DTW) algorithm. This text will be transmitted and displayed on computer or LCD. Software used is Microsoft Visual Studio. Coding language used is c sharp. Keywords - SAPI, ASR, DTW, Microsoft Visual Studio, C sharp.

Our information-gathering behavior has always been to find out what other people think. Opinion-rich resources such as online review sites and personal blogs are growing rapidly which provide new opportunities and challenges, as people can actively use information technologies to seek out and understand the opinions of others. People share their experiences on-line, express their opinions, frustrations about anything. The huge amount of available data creates opportunities for automatic mining and analysis. It can be considered as a classification task: their feelings can be positive, negative or neutral. People don’t directly express sentiment, They can also use a diverse range of other methods to express their emotions. Authors may mix objective and subjective information about a topic, or write down psots about other topics than the one we are investigating. And also there is a lot of noise in the data gathered from the Web pages. Due to this the task of automatic recognition of the sentiment in on-line text becomes more difficult. The content we are interested in this paper is, what is sentiment analysis, how the sentiment analysis was useful for a bank, how can it be applied in market intelligence and what are the challenges that could be faced in Indian scenario.

The large Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system has undesirable effects on the system such as increase in the complexity of A/D convertor and reduction in the efficiency of power amplifier. In this paper, modified expression of Zadoff Chu sequence, generation of Zadoff Chu sequence using hardware efficient CORDIC algorithm and develop Zadoff Chu matrix transformation (ZCT) precoding based OFDM system to minimize PAPR in OFDM system. Zadoff Chu sequences are class of complex exponential polyphase sequences which has constant amplitude and these sequences posses’ good correlation properties. In ZCT pre coding based OFDM system, ZCT is applied to the constellation symbols before the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT). The proposed system is simulated with VHDL and hardware efficient CORDIC algorithm is used for the generation of Zadoff Chu sequence. The achieved simulation results confirm that the proposed methods are capable of reducing the PAPR significantly by 3 dB for N=64 subcarrier and 16-QAM modulation at clip rate of 10-2.

Essbase is multidimensional database software that is optimized for planning, analysis, and management-reporting applications. Essbase uniquely blends an innovative technical design with an open, client-server architecture. The product enables you to extend decision support systems beyond ad hoc queries and reports on historical performance to dynamic, operational systems that combine historical analysis and future planning .Oracle Hyperion Essbase is the industry-leading multi-dimensional online analytical processing server, providing a rich environment for effectively developing custom analytic and enterprise performance management applications. By leveraging its self-managed, rapid application development capabilities, business users can quickly model complex business scenarios. In this paper we see how Oracle Hyperion Essbase supports extremely fast query response times for vast numbers of users, large data sets, and complex business models.

In Classical Hypothesis testing volumes of data is to be collected and then the conclusions are drawn, which may need more time. But, Sequential Analysis of Statistical science could be adopted in order to decide upon the reliability / unreliability of the developed software very quickly. The procedure adopted for this is, Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT). It is designed for continuous monitoring. The likelihood based SPRT proposed by Wald is very general and it can be used for many different probability distributions. In the present paper we propose the performance of SPRT on 5 data sets of ungrouped using delayed S-shaped model and analyzed the results. The parameters are estimated using Maximum Likelihood Estimation method.

Health Insurance can be broadly defined as a financial mechanism that exists to provide protection to individual and house holds from expenses incurred as a result of unexpected illness or injury. Under this mechanism, the insurer agrees to compensate or guarantee the insured person against loss by specified contingent event and provide financial coverage for which the insured party pays a premium.

Biochemical and molecular characterization of five Trigonella accessions were carried out based on seed storage protein electrophoresis and RAPD marker. The electrophoretic pattern of proteins produced 3 monomorphic bands and 23 polymorphic bands and 7 species specific bands. RAPD results revealed high level of polymorphism among the studied genotypes. The primer OPP-02 produced reproducible polymorphic bands. A total of 19 amplified bands were generated across the studied accessions. 16 bands out of total number were polymorphic and 7 were unique. UPGMA dendrogram based Jacquard’s similarity matrix grouped all the accessions into two clusters. Based upon similarity matrix accessions A4 and A2 were close. On the other hand UPGMA dendrogram generated on the basis of jaccard’s similarity matrix revealed that accessions A1 and A2 Were very close to each other. No significant correlation was observed among the two marker systems utilized. It is concluded that Seed protein profiles could be useful, but RAPD profiles are reliable tools in the genetic diversity studies and genotype classification which can be used to improve the efficiency of Trigonella breeding programme.

Myxedema coma, represents the extreme degree of severity of hypothyroidism, whose mortality can reach very high percentages, therefore, it is a true medical emergency. In general, its development is associated with the presence of a triggering factor in a controlled hypothyroid patient and manifests with multisystem alteration. Currently, tools have been developed for clinical diagnosis that use the profile and clinical models, and have good sensitivity-specificity. They allow an early diagnosis which favored the early start of treatment and therefore improves the prognosis. The patient with myxedema coma needs an integral approach, with intensive treatment and close monitoring of hemodynamic parameters. However, the basis of treatment remains hormone replacement, which should be initiated with a combination of levothyroxine and triiodothyronine

Smoking causes immediate and long-standing effects on exercise and physical activity. In addition to increasing the well-known risks for cancer, heart and respiratory diseases, smokers have less endurance and poor physical performance. To determine the smoking habits and its effect on physical activity levels in adolescents and early adults aged 18-23 years of King Khalid University Khamis Mushayat, KSA. Khamis Mushayat area near Abha city has been selected for the study. In this area, King Khalid University was selected as the population. One hundred and eighty seven female subjects 18 to 23 years from King Khalid University who smoked cigarettes and 187 females who were non smokers were selected for the study. GPAQ (Global physical activity questionnaire) was used for the survey to assess the level of physical activity (given in Appendix). Also data on height and weight were collected. With respect to body mass index of the smokers and non smokers, a significantly higher percent of the non smokers (57.5%) were of normal weight, while only 28.8% of smokers had normal weight. A majority of the smokers (45.9%) had the smoking habit for 2 years and less, whereas, 27.7% of the smokers smoked for 6 years or above. A significant majority of the smokers (63.2%) underwent physical activity only for 2 days and less, whereas the non smokers involved in physical activity for 6 days or more. Only a very small percent (8.1%) of the smokers exercised for 6 or more days in a week. Among non smokers, a minimum of 16.1% involved in physical activity, three to five days a week. All the participants in the study had mean years of smoking of 9.75 years. We found out that smokers relatively spent less time for physical activity and were more sedentary. In the present study it's clear that the students going to University are moderate smokers but their physical activity level is decreased. They usually have trends towards less physical activity and less awareness regarding the ill effects of smoking.

 It is said in Manu Samhita (Chapter II, Para 145) Upadhyaayan-dasacaryaacarryanamsatam pita; Sahasramtupitrnmatagauraveratiricyate, which means that - “A Guru who teaches Veda is 10 times superior to an ordinary teacher and the father is 100 times more than a teacher, but the Mother is 1000 times more superior to the father.” This vividly speaks how our ancient saints and culture held a woman in high esteem and recognised her not merely a mother but as a superior scholarly Institution. Unarguably, women are the nuclei of families; more so in rural India. They are not just confined to household chores but they play a very important role in grooming the children and shaping their future, upholding and preserving our traditions and culture. While everything about women in the past and in history is dark and dismal, women of late are seen in the forefront both in economic and social activities. Several NGOs, Voluntary Organisations, Training Establishments such as Rural Development and Self-Employment Training Institutions (RAPID) have been conducting customised and innovative skill-building training programs, Entrepreneurship Development programs (EDP's) which contribute to economic empowerment of women through self-employment. This paper studies various types of EDP's conducted at one of the RAPID in Karnataka, India to create economic, social and cultural opportunities for women in distress through skill development, employment and counselings. 

Jatropha curcas seeds have been in use for the production of biodiesel as an ecofriendly fuel. But during biodiesel production from 100 kgs of Jatropha seeds only 30 kgs of oil is produced, while 70 kgs of de-oiled cake is generated as a byproduct. This oil meal contains toxic substances like curcin, toxalbumin and phorebolic acid which makes it unsuitable as an animal feed. It can be either used for biogas production or vermicomposting as can be seen from volatile solids of total solids content of 87.93%. So feasibility of this oil meal as a substrate for vermicomposting using earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae has been studied in detail. Original C/N ratio of the jatropha oil meal was around 42.94 while the raw waste mixture was around 38.57% after mixing with cattle dung and soil, which reduced to 12.6 after vermicomposting, which is an indicator of efficient worm activity. Volatile Solids reduction of 66.19% was observed which indicates efficient worm activity. Results showed good quality vermicompost production with efficient water holding capacity of 72.4100% and porosity of 78.2191%. Bulk density depicted 1.1052 g/cm3 indicating good quality suitable for efficient root penetration. Scanning Electron Microscopy and microbiological analysis confirmed the maturity of the vermicompost.

Internet banking has made drastic changes in the banking system of India. The Indian banking with its large network provides various kinds of E-Banking services to the customer. Now a day’s most of the banking transaction happens through E-touch. E-Banking is modernizing the whole system of the bank with the aid of technology. Though the bankers as well as the customers were facing some initial hitch with the introduction of E-Banking, later stages the country has witnessed a wide spread acceptance of technology for banking. The SBI and ICICI banks plays very crucial role in banking industries. The paper attempts to give an insight on various E-banking services and the latest development in E-Banking for the period of 2010-11 to 2015-16. The paper also focuses on the challenges faced by banking industry in adopting the E-banking with the help of IT.

ABSTRACT In this paper induction motor speed controlling using FOC with genetic algorithm tuned hybrid PID plus fuzzy controller is discussed. Tuning of PID plus fuzzy speed controller by GA improves static and dynamic performance of FOCIM. Nonlinear induction motor modeling is modeled as linear model for optimization of controller gains. Matlab/Simulink based simulations are carried out with different cases to check efficiency of proposed controller. These results are compared with conventional trial and error method to check improvement in peak overshoot and response time. Keywords: FOCIM (Field Oriented Control Induction Motor), Genetic Algorithm, Fuzzy, mutation, crossover.

Now a day’s urban women are more conscious about beauty and beauty products. The present study was carried out to know the awareness and frequency of usage of hair care products by women in Hyderabad city through adopting ex post facto research design. By using simple random sampling technique 60 respondents belonged to the age group of 20-40 and another 60 belonged to the age group of 40-60 years who are using hair care products were selected, thus making a total of 120 respondents. Chi-square test was used to test the association between independent and dependent variables. Results revealed that most of the respondents used hair oil followed by shampoos and conditioners. The least used hair care products were hair spray and hair gel. Around ninety-seven per cent of respondents were aware about hair care products. Herbal hair care products were more preferred followed by Ayurvedic and chemical in case of hair care products. Most of the hair care product users got influenced with quality of the products, family members and quality followed by personal experience, Television advertisements, peer group and brand name.

Within a decade, the grammar learning process and learning outcomes at English education department students of IAIN Bukittinggi found some problems. The class was still held in lecturer-centered. The research design used is Research and Development (R&D). To develop the instructional product, the researcher applies Four-D Model by Thiagarajan et.al, that is Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The product testing is carried out at the third semester English education department students of IAIN Bukittinggi. The instruments used in this research are interview, observation, tests and questionnaires. To qualify the three products, the experts of grammar for content, language and layout examine the validity, the practicality and the effectiveness of the textual enhancement model of grammar instruction, lecturer’s manual and students’ workbook. The research findings exhibit students’ need analysis and prototype model of TEBGIM.

This paper deals with the study of the potential substitution of Karanja methyl ester blends for diesel as fuel for automobiles and other industrial purposes. The objective of this study is the analysis of the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of the karanja methyl esters and comparing with petroleum diesel. The tests were carried out on a 4.4 KW, single cylinder, direct injection, Air-cooled diesel engine. The results of investigations carried out in studying the fuel properties of karanja methyl ester (KME) and its blend with diesel fuel from 20 to 100% by volume and in running a diesel engine with these fuels. Engine tests have been carried out with the aim of obtaining comparative measures of Brake power, specific fuel consumption and emissions such as CO2, CO, HC, smoke density and NOx to evaluate and compute the behavior of the diesel engine running on above mentioned fuels. The reduction in exhaust emissions together with increase in brake power, brake thermal efficiency and reduction in specific fuel consumption make the blends of karanja esterified oil (B20) a suitable alternative fuel for diesel and could help in controlling air pollution.

The objective of the present study is to investigate thermal diffusion and radiation effects on unsteady MHD flow past a linearly accelerated vertical plate with variable temperature and also with variable mass diffusion in presence of heat source or sink under the influence of applied transverse magnetic field. The fluid considered here is a gray, absorbing/ emitting radiation but a non-scattering medium. At time t>0, the plate is linearly accelerated with a velocity in its own plane. And at the same time, plate temperature and concentration levels near the plate raised linearly with time t. The dimensionless governing equations involved in the present analysis are solved using the closed analytical method. The velocity, temperature, concentration, Skin-friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are discussed through graphs in terms of different physical parameters like magnetic field parameter (M), permeability parameter (K), radiation parameter (R), Schmidt parameter (Sc), Soret number (So), Heat source parameter (H), Prandtl number (Pr), thermal Grashof number (Gr), mass Grashof number (Gm) and time (t).

In this paper we explain, the need of Organizations facing the real problem on physical, mechanism to protect their IT systems such as Laptops or notebooks and palmtaps. All IT systems ,have become difficult to protect because they can easily be stolen. Not only in companies but also in universities and colleges, social places it became a major problem for students, staff and people. Even though the laptops are password protected, that type of security is not providing any kind of use in finding the laptops once they are stolen. This is a method which gives better way in finding the laptops and also catching the thieves. In this paper, we are designing an anti-theft security system to track the location of the laptop. By using the GSM/GPS module connected to laptop the current location of the laptop is read and it is sent through message to the owner. By which it is possible to get back our laptops. As result we can reduce the laptop thefts.

Bio-oxidation is the process of oxidation of metal sulfide using variety of microorganisms for leaching the metal. The aim of the present study was to assess the capacity of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, on the bioleaching of lead from galena concentrate. While the process carried out under the sulfur concentration about 6%, the results showed that the maximum of 79.8% Pb was leached from the galena.

Electroplating sludge contains huge of Ni. Bioleaching is found to be the best method to remove heavy metals. But, the temperature play vital role. In the present study, the influence of temperatures on the removal of Ni from electroplating sludge was investigated using bacteria, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Results showed that the maximum of 90.5% Ni was removed from the sludge under the temperature maintained at 37 °C. It was found that the rate constants obtained for Ni bioleaching at 37 °C was high.

In this paper, review about the progress in India's IT sector, and forecasts for massive evolution led by this segment is studied. It emphasis on conversing the part of software vs. hardware, the development outline of the software business and software exports, and the embryonic problems in IT labor supply to support future growth. We come through some of the developments in India's IT sector, and scenarios for broad-based growth led by this sector. It tries to categorize some areas where dogma changes and existing innovations can together lead to consciousness of the more optimistic situation, and prevention of some of the consequences that analysts have acknowledged. It also examine the policy environment more closely, arguing that government strategy is better engrossed on eradicating labor market biases and infrastructure restraints, rather than providing output or export grants to the software industry.

This study tends to investigate the application of psychological research methods in the fashion endeavor. The prospect of this challenge is to quantify, formalize and investigate the causal relationships connecting clothing style, preference, personality factors, emotions and mood with an observation to an improved understanding of the psychological profile of the fashion consumer. The result specifies strong relationships between mood and important relationships among three out of five personality factors and clothing style preference; mood was an important predictor of preference, at the same time as personality was restrained. Personality, emotion and mood were exposed to be managed and reflected through clothing with propositions for assistance in consumer clothing service training, resolution, and strategies for personal shoppers, market segmentation and design. The methodology derivative from a combination of research methods coupled with definite wearing experience, previously not studied collectively. This is a vital demonstration of how important this combination is in order to fully be pleased about the psychological profile of the fashion consumer.

In the competitive market place, organizations are fighting battles on all fronts i.e., building & retaining market share, stakeholder satisfaction and more importantly recruiting & retaining best talent. The talent in modern era is well informed and have high aspirations. Organizations are finding it difficult to attract and retain talent be it on compensation and career growths. It is here that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) comes into play for organizations to leverage upon. CSR provides an opportunity for the organization to differentiate itself from the competition. Organizations have adopted different connotations of Talent management. While some of the looked at only the Hi-Performers as the talent, and in cases of other organizations, they consider all the employees associated with the organization as Talent and accordingly design and offer Talent Pool offerings customized to respective talent pools. This research paper looks as to who organizations can integrate and leverage both CSR and Talent Management Initiatives, so that it could be result in multiple pay-off such as connecting with & serving community through the employees and in the process win over both the segments.

Nanoparticles of ~10 nm in diameter made with chitosan or lactic acid-graftedchitosan were developed for high drug loading and prolonged drug release. A drug encapsulation efficiency of 94.4% and a release rate of 28% from chitosan nanoparticles after 24 hours were demonstrated with bovine serum protein. A drug encapsulation efficiency of 97% and a release rate of 38% from chitosan nanoparticles after 24 hours were demonstrated with aceclofenac. To further increase drug encapsulation, prolongdrug release, and increase chitosan solubility in solution of neutral pH, chitosan was modifiedwith lactic acid by grafting D,L-lactic acid onto amino groups in chitosan without using a catalyst. The lactic acid-grafted chitosan nanoparticles demonstrated a drug encapsulation efficiency of96% and a protein release rate of 15% after 24 hours. And in case of diclofenac, drug encapsulation efficiency of 98% and a aceclofenac release rate of 25% after 24 hours. Unlike chitosan, whichis generally soluble only in acid solution, the chitosan modified with lactic acid can be preparedfrom solutions of neutral pH, offering an additional advantage of allowing proteins or drugs tobe uniformly incorporated in the matrix structure with minimal or no denaturization.

Medical implants the most unavoidable medical device of nowadays has many potent advantages. One of the important limitations of it in medical usage is colonization of biofilm formers on the inner surface of the implants and produce high risk for the implantable material. This study involves the evaluation of one such high rate biofilm forming bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis which prevail in the blood. The research materials silicone used for making catheters and stents was coated with chitosan and crosslinked using poly- D,L lactic acid (PDLLA) to provide anti-bacterial activity. This was achieved through a dip coating procedure. The bioefficacy against S. epidermidis, water absorbing ability, withstanding lysozyme degradation and biocompatibility analysis were done to understand whether the coated catheters can be more advantageous than the usual one used in hospitals normally. All the analysis showed more compatible result for the chitosan-PDLLA coated catheter samples. The bioefficacy effect of the dip coated catheters and its ability to eradicate the biofilm formation on the surface designated the modified silicone catheters as efficient implants.

The long shadows of two world wars of 1914-18 and 1939-45 lay across the 20th Century. The political consequences of the I World war were Communism in Russia and as a reaction against this, Totalitarianism in Germany and Italy. The Second World war split the world into two blocks- the East dominated by Russia and the West by America.

Research in common parlance refers to a search of knowledge. It is also defined as a scientific and systematic exploration for pertinent information on a specific topic. It is a movement from the known to the unknown and a voyage of discovery. It comprises defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis or suggested solutions; collecting, organizing and evaluating data; making deductions and reaching conclusions and at last carefully testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulating hypothesis. Research is thus, an original contribution to the existing stock of knowledge making for its advancement. It is the pursuit of truth with the help of study, observation, comparison and experiment. The purpose of research is to discover answers to questions through the application of scientific procedures. The main aim of research is to find out the truth which is hidden and which has not been discovered.

Seasonal variations in the water qualities and algal diversity of Thirupathisaram temple pond in Kanyakumari district was studied for the period of one calendar year (2014). The physico-chemical parameters like water temperatures, transparency, pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, free CO2, carbonates, bicarbonates, chlorides, Calcium, phosphates, nitrates, magnesium and sulphate were analysed and correlated with seasonal variation in the algal count of the pond water. Out of 105 microalgae recorded in the pond, 24 species belonged to Bacillariophyceae (22.85%), 42 species belonged to Chlorophyceae (40%), 32 species belonged to Cyanophyceae (30.47%) and 7 species belonged to Euglenophyceae (6.7%). Members of Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Euglenophyceae were found maximum during the summer and declined during the winter and monsoon seasons whereas the members of Bacillariophyceae were maximum during the rainy season and they declined during the summer. An increasing trend in Photosynthetic productivity of algae was found from the rainy season to summer. Algal bloom was observed during the summer months and microalgae such as Navicula cincta, Nitzschia amphibia, Pediastrum boryanum, Tetraedron trigonum, Microcystis aeruginosa f. flos-aqueae and Microcystis wesenbergii were found as dominant among the species studied. Water in the temple pond was slightly eutrophic in nature.

In cloud storage, the server that stores the client’s data is not trusted. Users would like to check if their data has been tampered or deleted. Provable data possession is used for security by read the file for hash and later specifies its location to verify by applying message digest algorithm which results in generating hash code. Generated hash code is compare with the other hash code generated on different storage. Results showed that precompressed data’s that is the data which is designed by the precompressed technique has their difference in message digest present at local connection side and secure connection side at both secure and insecure server.

Studies show that the number of debris in Low Earth Orbit is exponentially growing despite future debris release mitigation measures considered. Especially, an already existing population of small and medium debris is a concrete threat to operational satellites. Ground based DF-laser and space based Nd YAG-laser solutions which can remove at low expense and in a non-destructive way hazardous debris around selected space assets appear as a highly promising answer.

After independence Tanzania adopted a socialist ideology,‘Ujamaa’.‘Ujamaa’ was a political decision to societal development. It is obvious majority poor were complacent to it. This made many Tanzanians to identify themselves as “wajamaa.” Nevertheless, the economic crisis of 1970s swayed Tanzania to adopt Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) . SAPs are grounded in liberalism. This situation led Tanzania to a dilemma of having liberalism and abandoning socialism since the two ideologies are disputable and can never be applied at the same setting. Apparently, the socialist ideology is identified with Mwalimu J.K. Nyerere, the founder of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM). It is logical that to abandon “Ujamaa” is to illegitimise CCM from the majority Tanzanians. Instead, Tanzania decided to adopt the SAPs in 1980s and remain with Ujamaa on paper for legitimacy. In 1991 Zanzibar Resolution was drawn to entomb core values of “Ujamaa”.It is this particular event which is claimed as marking death of “Ujamaa” in practice. Mwl. Nyerere himself commented in 1993 that “Ujamaa” had been warped. Yet, CCM would argue for existence of “Ujamaa”. The bases for the argument are Article 9(j) of the Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania 1977(URT Constitution) and Article 4(3) and 5(3) of the CCM Constitution 1977(CCM Constitution). This paper argues that Tanzania has currently a “myeloma” in ideology. And thus, it suffers a crisis. Its praxis is absent. Concomitantly, the praxis of liberalism through privatization policies and legislation is repugnant and thus unconstitutional. This leaves the general public confused. Moreover it makes investors lose confidence in business as a result. The paper recommends a wider debate involving all stakeholders be held in guiding the country to one clear direction on ideology.

Wavelet Transform is an emerging tool to solve the problems related to Mathematics, Physics and Engineering. In this paper we review and discuss the advantages of Wavelet transform in comparison of Fourier Transform for the study of signal analysis. Wavelet transforms is the improved version of Fourier Transform. The main difference between them is that wavelets are well localized in both time and frequency domain whereas Fourier Transform is only localized in frequency domain. The discretely sampled form of wavelet transform which is called discrete wavelet transform is used in the study of data compression so that one can modify, encode a source of data in digital form that it occupies fewer bits than the original. This will consume less space on the disk and reduce transmission time when such information is communicated over a distance. Further the Wavelet based data compression technique is applied for the study of compression of various data signals such as image, audio, video, seismic and biomedical signals. In this paper we have reviewed about the data compression technique using wavelet transform in different type of signals.

The synthesis and Biological activity of 2,4,5-trimethoxy benzaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone ligands have been reported. The Infrared and Elemental analysis have been assigned. The data agree quite well with the proposed structures. The group sensitive fundamentals are compared with those of similar molecules already reported in the literature. Ligand were screened for antimicrobial activities by the disc diffusion technique using DMSO as solvent. These Schiff base has been studied for their anti-bacterial ,anti-fungal, and anti oxidant activity. The antifungal activity of the said ligand has been screened against Aspergillus flavus, Asperjillus niger and Antibacterial activity tested against Vibrio harveyi , VibrioVulnificus, Escherichia Coli, Bacillus pumilus.The anti oxidant activity againt catalase assay.

[Ni(L4)2Cl2], were prepared by reacting 2,3,4-trimethoxy benzaldehyde semicarbazone ligands with NiCl2.6H2O. The IR,UV, Mass and 1H NMR spectra of the complexes have been assigned. Thermo gravimetric analysis were also carried out. The data agree quite well with the proposed structures and show that the complexes were finally decomposed to the corresponding ligands. Complexes were screened for antimicrobial activities by the disc diffusion technique using DMSO as solvent. The activity data show that the semicarbazone metal complexes are more potent antimicrobials metal complexes.

Microalgae are considered to be the world’s future energy reservoir and various aspects have been followed for optimizing the algae growth for large scale production of biodiesel. For the same, selection and screening of microalgae strain for its lipid productivity is much more important. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used in this study for the analysis of lipid extract from natural isolate of Chlorella vulgaris. In order to evaluate the strain productivity the reference strain was obtained. Both the cultures were grown in a chemically-defined media under photoautotrophic culture conditions. Lipid extraction procedures were standardized for both strains based on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy .The extracted lipid samples were analyzed. This study reveals that the natural isolate identified as Chlorella vulgaris strain is suitable for further optimization procedures and found with high percentage of residual lipid proportions. Also the results show that FTIR technique can be applied for determination of single cell biomass composition from phytoplankton communities.

The purpose of the study is to test empirical and conceptualization of women consumer assessment of brand image, brand attitude and quality of a two-wheeler, which is considered as a durable product. The researcher’s interest to know the degree to which women’s preference varies with age, education, occupation, or other characteristics. The data is collected from the 149 women who uses two wheeler in Salem District. In the study the researcher have tried to measure the expectation and satisfaction of the women consumers towards two wheelers. The results derived from the study indicate that the factor that induces the consumers to buy a particular vehicle on account of special features like easy start, gearless, auto gear etc.

Consumer behavior refers to the act of individuals who are directly involved in purchase of goods. It is a new discipline that borrows heavily form concepts developed from study of individual, study of groups, study of how an individual operates in groups, and the influence of society on the individual. Factors like personality, perception, attitude and learning on the one hand and the product, price, physical attributes, advertising and societal influence on the other shape the behavior of consumers. There are number of brands of two-wheeler vehicle available in our country. Among the two-wheeler companies, TVS Company occupies first place in the country. Its TVS Scooty Pep is the best selling motor scooter in the market. Though other brands of vehicle have their own unique feature, TVS Scooty Pep still has a good demand in the market. To analyse the factors that influence the people to buy this vehicle, the researcher has undertaken this study. The results derived from the study helps to know the factors that influence the consumers to buy the product and to analyse why the consumers in Salem prefer TVS Scooty Pep. This study helps to enable the producer to make decision regarding further changes in promotional measures.

In the last phase of twentieth and beginning of twenty first century, Jean Sasson, the American writer, emerges as new oreintalist on the international horizon through the publication of her books. Just as the Chinese travellers, Fa-Hien and Huen-Tsang gave an elaborate account of fifth and seventh century socio-cultural and religio-political Indian life; Jean Sasson’s writings throw ample light on the religious, social, cultural and political life of the Middle Easterners in the twentieth century. The paper explores the visions and beliefs of Muslim community of the Middle East region as depicted by Jean Sasson in her books. The faith in religion is expressed as great strength of the Arabic people. This faith is the epicenter of their foundation of life-style even in the modern context.

The English pronunciation of the Panjabi learners is highly aggressive giving rise to defective pattern of speech in English. For example they don’t use labio-dental sounds or they are unaware of silent sounds in English words like /m/ in tomb. The present paper aims to analyze the phonetic and phonological patterns of English and Panjabi as taught by teachers in some schools. The structural approach is preferred over other approaches in this paper. This approach suits to English and Panjabi as the phonological structures of both the languages is of contrastive nature rather than identical or similar one. Both the languages are spoken and used in teaching. The structure is taken as an arrangement and combination of phonological units, not in the sense that of as grammarians use like word structure, noun formation, morphological constructions, etc. Veritably, Panjabi is written as it is spoken, whereas English is not spoken, as it is written, thereby causing doubts in the minds of the learners.

The quality of weld is depicted by weld bead geometry. In submerged arc welding (SAW) bead geometry closely related to the process parameters namely welding current, open circuit voltage, welding speed and nozzle to plate distance. So it is necessary to develop the mathematical models for bead geometry in automatic SAW machine. In the present work mathematical models are developed for bead width and bead hardness by making bead on plate (12 mm thick ASTM SA 516 Grade 60). Experiments were conducted according to the two level half factorial technique and analysis of direct and interactive effect of parameters on responses are presented with the help of Design expert software. Results were clearly illustrated that bead width increases with welding current and voltage, but decreases with welding speed and nozzle to plate distance. Bead hardness increases with Welding current, welding speed and nozzle to plate distance, but decreases with voltage.

Neural Networks are being used for character recognition from last many years. This paper presents creating the Character Recognition System, in which Creating a Character Matrix and a corresponding Suitable Network Structure is key. The Feed Forward Algorithm gives insight into the enter workings of a neural network; followed by the Back Propagation Algorithm which compromises Training, Calculating Error, and Modifying Weights. We have made an attempt to recognize handwritten English characters by using a multilayer perceptron with one hidden layer. In addition, an analysis has been carried out to determine the number of hidden nodes to achieve high performance of back propagation network in the recognition of handwritten English characters. The results showed that the MLP networks trained by the error back propagation algorithm are superior in recognition accuracy and memory usage. The result indicates that the back propagation network provides good recognition accuracy of more than 70% of Handwritten English characters.

Now a day’s large volume og information is available online. An efficient and effective management of the information on the web is not only valuable to individual users but also to business organizations, especially for decision making purposes. Here challenging task is amongst available information on the web finding business values. The signi?cance of organizations information depends on the applications that deal with it. An organization allows the customer to query online published products information and collects their reviews about the products. XML guarantee about those features of business functions including integration, intelligence and reuse of the content. To complete XML assurance it is very important to maintain XML documents properly. In this paper provides discussion and comparison of various commercial tools and database management systems to create, store, maintain, and query XML documents.

The paper proposes Handwritten Character Recognition method using 2D view and Support Vector Machine (SVM). In this all the character images are Pre-processed (includes Normalization and Noise Removal), which are further used for feature extraction using two dimensional (2D) views. From each character four different views (Top, Bottom, Left, and Right) are obtained called as basic views. All basic views are not able to collect the complete information of character image. The hidden information is capture separately called as extra views. From each view 16 features are extracted and combined to obtain 80 features. These features are used to train SVM to separate different classes of characters. Handwritten Character database is used for training and testing of SVM classifier. Support Vector Machine provides a good recognition result for lower case characters and upper case characters are 82%.

The unsteady gravity-driven convective flow and heat transfer of optically thick nanofluid past an oscillating, vertical plate is considered. The flow is confined to y > 0 where y is the coordinate measure in the normal direction to the plate. The fluid is assumed to be electrically conducting with an uniform magnetic field applied in a direction perpendicular to the plate. The resulting equation is solved by making use of Laplace transform method. Velocity profile and temperature profile are drawn for different values of radiation parameter and magnetic parameter.

Using the initial value problem approach, the evolution of linearized perturbations in a stratified shear flow with rotation is studied. Here the resulting equation in time posed by using Fourier transformation and Square transformation is solved for the Fourier amplitudes for bounded couette flow with a point source of the field of transverse velocity and density as the initial distributions. Perturbation solutions are obtained and the velocity and density plots are drawn to find the effect of density variation and rotation

Using Fourier transforms, the evolution of linearized perturbations in a thermally stratified magnetohydrodynamic shear flow is solved as an initial value problem. The resulting equation in terms of the Fourier amplitudes is solved for the case of bounded couette flow with a point source of the field of transverse velocity, density and temperature. Solutions are obtained for small values of Alfve?n velocity and Brunt Vaisala frequency. The velocity plots are drawn for different values of Alfve?n velocity and Brunt frequency.

An unique poisoning case leading to death by imipramine. Quantitative analysis of imipramine and was performed by liquid chromatography. The concentration of imipramine was 16.60 µg /ml in the collected blood sample during post mortem examination.

The electrochemical polarographic analysis of complex of Re (II) complex with the ligand 1-{3-[2-Amino-5-(5-hydroxy-5H-imidazol-4-ylmethanesulfonyl)-benzyloxy]-4H-pyrazol-4-yl}-ethanone were analyzed and it found that ligand forms 1:2 complex with Re(II) in between pH of alkaline range between 7.4-8.6. The logarithm value of stability constant of 1:2 metalis 14.9and the entropy and free energy observed at -78.69 and -43.48 respectively.

The main aim of this paper is the briefing of a billing system for small commercial purpose. The purpose of the paper is to provide reliable environment forstoring the bills for all the customers for whom account is created. The bills are stored in file format. Visual Studio software is used for creating the application, C# language is used in this software for creating the application. If account is not created for the user then the bill will not be created. Keypad is used for creating the accounts and entering the values in it. Alter function is also used for changing the entries and delete function is used for deleting the values stored in the account. If a wrong entry is given error will be shown. Before deleting an entry a confirmation message will come.

A field experiment was conducted at Jammu during 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 to evaluate the effect of two establishment methods (conventional sowing and zero tillage) in wheat (Triticum aestivum ) and four establishment methods (conventional transplanting of 25 days seedling, dry seeding @ 40 Kg/ha, wet seeding after puddling @ 40 kg/ha and SRI methods) and 4 sowing schedules (15th May, 25th May, 5th June and 15th June) in rice (Oryza sativa) under rice-wheat cropping system. Rice establishment methods and sowing schedules had significant impact on growth, yield attributes and yield of rice. Both the direct seeded methods of rice, being at par, recorded significantly higher mean grain yield and other growth parameters of rice as compared to conventional transplanting or SRI method. Similarly, 15th June rice sowing schedule resulted in marked increased in all the growth parameters, yield attributes and grain yield of rice as compared with other sowing schedules. However, both the establishment methods of wheat failed to cause any significant effect on growth and yield of succeeding wheat crop. Establishment methods of wheat and rice as well as sowing schedules of hybrid rice did not cause marked effect on soil physico-chemical parameters as well as available nutrient (N, P and K) content after completion of rice-wheat cycle. However, bulk density of soil at 0-15 and 15-30 cm depths was observed considerably higher with zero tilled wheat, while the minimum in system of rice intensification (SRI) method. Higher net returns and benefit cost ratio were recorded when wheat was established through zero tillage and rice through wet seeded sown on 15th of June in rice-wheat cropping system.