Archives-j 

The aim of this research is to study the relationship between the six virtues in positive psychology and the big five personality traits among the students at Tehran Universities. So, 317 students (179female, 138 male) were selected by random multiple cluster sampling. The tools used in study were the VIA and NEO-FFI. Data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation and stepwise regression method. The results indicated that there is a correlation between the six virtues and the personality traits. There was a significant relationship between the scale of Agreeableness with Humanity, Conscientiousness with Courage and humanity, and between extraversion with courage. Also, the scale of courage had a negative significant Relationship with Neuroticism. There was no significant relationship between Wisdom and the five personality traits. The results of Regression analysis indicated that among the five traits, extroversion could explain 0/176 and Conscientiousness 0/184 of the variance of Courage.

Elaeagnus angustifolia has wide range of distribution in the country and its oil has many food and health benefits. Its oil use for therapy of some disease included Dental diseases, diarrhea, stomach ulcers and prevention of bleeding. The purpose of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties of the seed oil. Therefore Elaeagnus were collected of the surrounding gardens Semnan. Its core was separated. After drying, it was chopped by the mill, oil extraction was obtained by Soxhlet. Some traits were examined such as Peroxide value, acid and iodine value. 5% oil was obtained of Elaeagnus Angustifolia. The oil had high in linoleic acid and oleic acid its oil like sunflower oil and contains essential fatty acids omega-6 and omega-9 fatty acid. It also has good resistance to oxidation temperature. The mean iodine value was 120.73, oxidation stability 5:51 h, blue color 0.78 percent, red 2.79 percent, yellow 47.6%, peroxide 12.31 mill equivalents peroxide per kg of oil, non-soap compounds 5.17% , sterols 1283 mg/100gr oil, Tocopherol 94.3 mg/ 100gr oil, iron 0.62 ppm, copper 0.0366 ppm, Phospholipid 268.3 mg per gram, respectively.

This study compared the effect of task-based and systematic instruction on L2 learners’ productive vocabulary retention. The participants of the study were 73 Iranian female intermediate EFL learners who were divided into a split information task group (n=25), a shared information task group (n=25), and a systematic instruction group (n =23). Before treatment all the participants were given a fill in the blanks pretest to check their vocabulary production ability. Then the new words were taught to the three groups. Two weeks after the end of the treatment, the vocabulary productive delayed posttest was administrated. The results showed that task-based instruction improved the learners’ productive vocabulary retention significantly more than systematic instruction providing that the task type was taken into account. The participants under task-based instruction could follow some principles (Thornburg, 2002) essential for moving the new words from short-term store into permanent long-term memory such as repetition, retrieval, pacing, active Use, cognitive depth, personal organizing, and attention, and as a result, they could have more successful performance in the vocabulary productive delayed posttest than the systematic instruction group.

As a cross-cultural study, the present study investigates politeness strategies that native English speakers and EFL learners employ for exchanging greetings in different situational contexts. Data includes responses elicited through an open-ended Dramatic Written Discourse Completion Task (DWDCT). In order to control the effect of students’ proficiency level, an advanced test of Oxford Placement Test (OPT) was administered to select among 73 senior students of English literature and translation at Isfahan University. Sixty female undergraduate EFL learners with an age range of 21-24 at Isfahan University in Iran and 60 native English learners with an age range of 23-37 studying Medical Laboratory Technology at Dalton State College in Dalton, Georgia, USA participated in the present study. The findings present that EFL learners are not linguistically competent in English greetings in different situations. It also suggests that EFL learners use inappropriate politeness expressions in their English responses, as they do not have the ability to express greetings according to the situational context and native culture. Therefore, it may be necessary to adopt systematic, appropriate and situationally contextualized greetings in the Target Language (TL) in second and foreign language teaching.

This study attempted to bring Critical Language Testing principles into practice by means of distributing the power, traditionally hold by teachers as the only source of knowledge, in a more unprejudiced way. The study took advantages of three features of fifteen CLT principles proposed by Shohamy (2001).Based on the first feature, which is encouraging an active, critical response from test-takers; learners could develop an assessment scale including five components which was used in the subsequent steps in their peer assessment. In line with the second principle, which is admitting to the limited knowledge of any tester and the need for multiple sources of knowledge, learners moved toward the leading edge taking the control of assessment process to some extent. Peer assessment as one criterion of democratic assessment was applied. The third principle exploited in the study was considering ‘interpretive’ approaches to assessment that allow for different meanings and interpretations rather than a single absolute truth. Students’ scores were reported by both quantitative and interpretive modes with some suggestive sentences. In this way learners’ voices are validated. After that and in line with “consequential validity” as one component of alternative assessment, it went through completing the process by bringing testees’ problematic areas into the teaching syllabus in a systematic way. With a qualitative study learners’ (the most critical figures of all assessment procedures) attitudes toward rejecting or retaining CLT principles were inquired. They, offering one caveat, which was the significance of teacher assessment to them, pronounced the method as a striking system.

In this study, the role of meaning in the process of formation of a sense of place and it,s tremendous affected on the feeling morphology of sense of place examined. For this reason, this paper, By finding root of the theoretical and empirical literature in the sense of place and sence of meaning, investigated by studying quantitative and qualitative indicators in order to gain a better understanding of the relationship meaningful role in shaping the dealt sense of place. The aim of this paper was to receive and review of the role of meaning in the process of making sense of place on the way human perception and its role in architecture and its audiences. The findings of this research means if we understand and use morphology of sense of place in the role of meaning factor used, the Residents feel happy more than belonging to the past and to have a sense of place.

attachment location(belonging to a place) ties to physical and social environments that support and focus on individuals tied and is accompanied by other psychological benefits. however , attachment location as a strong potential in the suburban areas, neighborhood in this way is declining and neglecting. Attachment location as a tool up to now has not been used and now, neighborhoods have been proposed for revitalizing .

According to the country's needs in the tourism industry is trying to design a residential plan, in addition to tourism potential of this city.this city can satisfy a small part of the country's needs in this industry. In order to achieve these goals, the first it answers a series of questions in this area,What is for selecting site to build this collection site ? Can would we effective with the introduction of Marvdasht city in promoting the tourism potential of the city? Due to the increasing tourism demand and has a low cost, high income and health of the industry, to create a set tourist accommodations convenient to accommodate visitors with the history of the city is essential tourist attractions and values Because of better understanding the history of this area. The method in this article involves two basic steps. In the first in discriptive stage cross-based tools libraries and the Internet to check the location of Marvdasht city , and in the second phase of data collection for field studies in which to select the desired site, such as the position of the earth, the aesthetics, natural factors in site and their analysis is performed. The result is that by making this collection a major step in the development of tourist facilities and accommodation services to the region will has done.

In this study, effect of feeding two species of phytoplankton, Skeletonema and Chaetoceros, on zoea stage of Litopenaeus vannamei were evaluated. The larvae were fed with microalgae from Zoea 1 (Z1) until they change to Mysis 1 (M1). Survival rate, growth (total length) and larval development was evaluated every day. The highest survival rate (66.63%) was obtained in larvae fed with Chaetoceros. The highest growth rate (total length) was also related to Chaetoceros treating larvae with an average length of 3.17 mm. After over 128 hours, the best development stages of larvae was obtained in Chaetoceros treating with 100% conversion of larvae to M1, whereas only 10% of larvae fed with Skeletonema were observed at M1. Generally, Chaetoceros treatment showed better results between the treatments and statistically had significant difference with Skeletonema treatment (p<0.05).

In this study, we sought to know what led to the creation of links between industry and academia in the Knowledge Based Economy for this purpose, a questionnaire was prepared to read relevant literature and the industry elite, elite university After collecting the necessary data parameters were identified

This research, provided a proper procedure in order to build up an IT service management Model with the goal of developing a convenient model for the optimized deployment of the IT services in the smart schools plan imposed for the country. To achieve this goal, first, IT service management (ITSM) in general and IBM model in particular are introduced, Later on a generic model is presented for IT service management base on extraction and mapping among IBM model processes and IT services of the smart schools. Finally sample scenarios on administrative components are defined in the line of the strategic plans in order to analyze and evaluate the implementation of the proposed model.

Ductal carcinoma is a rare tumor, which accounts for 1 to 3% of all malignant salivary gland tumors primarily affecting middle-aged men with a high potential for metastasis. In salivary gland neoplasms, rhabdoid cells are not commonly seen. We report the case of a 58-year-old man, who presented a mass of the left cheek evolving for 3 months, who underwent an exofacial parotidectomy, the extemporaneous histopathological analysis of the specimen revealed a ductal carcinoma with rhabdoid features. We completed by a total conservative parotidectomy of the facial nerve. Salivary duct carcinoma with rhabdoid features should be distinguished from malignant lymphoma, malignant melanoma, and myogenic sarcomas. Transformation to ductal carcinoma with rhabdoid features has occurred in metastatic lesions. Treatment was based on extensive carcinological resection with postoperative radiotherapy with regular follow-up.

Gardner's fibroma is a rare benign soft tissue tumor most commonly occurring between infancy and adolescence. Approximately 70% are associated with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and Gardner’s syndrome which are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. We report the observation of a young 16-year-old patient who underwent surgical resection of a large right lateral cervical mass, whose anatomopathological analysis of the operative specimen confirmed the diagnosis of Gardner's fibroma. Considering the association between this histological type and the FAP, a family survey and an endoscopic digestive exploration in search of a recto-colic polyposis coming back negative. The diagnosis is an isolated sporadic Gardner's fibroma.

Myoepithelioma is a rare benign tumor of the salivary glands, considered a variety of pleomorphic adenoma, the palatal location of which is most common in the oral cavity. Our work reports a case of a myoepithelioma of the accessory palatine salivary glands in a 63-year-old man, clinically he presented a lobulated, firm palatal swelling covered with a healthy mucosa. The diagnosis was based on clinical and pathological arguments. The interest of imaging lies in the appreciation of the extension of the tumor process to the mucosa and to deep tissues. Tumor excision must be large to avoid the risk of recurrence and malignant transformation. Through this observation and in the light of the literature we will focus on the anatomo-clinical aspects.

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder that impairs glucose homeostasis. Hyperglycemia is the defining characteristic of diabetes mellitus. Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with damage to many of the body’s systems. Diabetes cases in the world are estimated to increase by 122% between 1995 and 2025. As diabetes prevalence increases so does the need for new and more effective therapies. Studies have indicated some herbal extracts have antidiabetic effects. However, rational prescription of effective medicinal plants for diabetes cure, requires precise information of action mechanism of these plants. Ziziphus jujuba, a member of the family Rhamnaceae has been used as a traditional medicinal herb and considered for thousands of years to affect various physiological functions in the body In present study, diabetes induced in rats, and then hypoglycemic effect of Ziziphus jujuba leaves hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated. Then results compared with glibenclamide effect.

Abstract Most academic views of teaching theory have speculated that, it would be better to allow learners to state themselves when they are learning a second language it is usual to occasionally flash back into their first language which it can be helpful for them to learn better. According to this, mother tongue might be affect on the process of learning reading comprehension (decoding and interpreting) via translation into the first language. This paper aims to teach reading comprehension toward the use of mother tongue. Having expressed the problems of the topic and the limitations in chapter one, I reviewed the literature of the topic in chapter two. This study will be examined reading comprehension by using L1. After homogenizing via pre-test, forty Iranian girls with treatment and twenty without it who will between the ages of 20 to 30 will be carried out with the Nelson Proficiency Test. The result of the study will be obtained via analysis variance (ANOVA). Key words:Mother tongue,Reading Comprehension,EFL,Vocabulary

The prevailing spirit in doctrine and Sharia of Islam, from the beginning to tolerance, mitigation and disposal Distress and constriction, focused and grounded. Necessity to reductionist, in practice the provisions, variable and universal religion, in accordance with the principles of freedom and liberty, and the necessity of conflict with existing laws, including the reasons underlying the rule Religious permission, the legitimacy of the state of some of the laws, apply. Foundation legitimacy of discharge, the rules «Distress and constriction», and «no- damage» is Located. This study, in the light of legal texts, rules and principles, explain the rule Religious permission, as an important, focuses on Islamic law. In this regard, in addition to explaining the concept, and the status of the above, the expression and show some of it, of transactions, punishments and suspension provisions in the law, and the rules of civil law, criminal law and family law, encourages. The results of this study indicate that, approach the permissions, at present, according to the positions of «Obstruction of religious knowledge», and «Absence of religious texts», etc. necessity in solving «Updated issues» , with a new approach in «Demands of the time», is considered.

The association between fruit and vegetables (FVs) consumption and hypertension risk remains controversial. This study aims to validate a short screener of FVs intake on the Lebanese population. Based on the data collected, FVs consumption was analyzed accordingly to compare the intake between hypertensive and normotensive subjects.Cross-sectional study conducted in the greater area of Beirut. Subjects recruited were Lebanese citizens (N=300) aging 35 years old and above adjusted for age (N=150 participants < 65 years old and N= 150 participants ?65 years old) and gender (equally distributed between men and women). Descriptive Statistics, Chi Square test, Alpha Cronbach test, and Binary Logistic tests were conducted. FV consumption was high in subjects with hypertension compared to normotensive subjects who have low adherence to the 5 servings/day of FV recommendations. Also, there was no difference observed between genders concerning FV intake. The internal consistency test shows that the questions used in this questionnaire were not consistent thus; some modifications should be implemented to adjust this questionnaire appropriately to the population studied.High fruits and vegetables intake was associated with an increased risk of hypertension. While the mechanism of blood pressure variation via fruit and vegetable consumption is not yet clear, selective consumption of healthy foods and nutrients, maintaining a healthy body weight, and staying physically active may lead to prevention and treatment of hypertension. As for the questionnaire’s validity, more culturally adapted options should be added to the screener in a way that satisfies FV consumption of the Arabian world in general, and that of the Lebanese population specifically.

In the classic Economic Order Quantity model the purchasing cost of an order is paid at the time of its receipt. In some cases sellers give their retailers a permissible for paments and some others aks buyers to pay all or a fraction of the purchasing cost in advance and may allow them to divide the prepayment into several equal-sized parts. We propose a generalized supplier–retailer inventory model under a given deterministic planning horizons which consists of n different periods using a trade credit policy that attracts more retailers. The trade credit policy adopted here is a demand dependent policy in which the supplier offers the retailer a permissible delay period as a non-decreasing function of the buyer demand. In addition, the demand rate is assumed to be a function of time and of the related period. During the given permissible period no interest is charged by the supplier on the retailer, but beyond that period an interest, with the conditions agreed upon, is charged on .However, during the permissible credit period, the retailer can accumulate the revenue of salls and earns an interest on that revenue.Hence, determin?ng such a trade credit period is recognized as an important strategy to increase seller’s profitability and minimize the retailer’s costs. Sufficient conditions on the existence and uniqueness of the optimal replenishment policy are provided.

Lately in educational organization, voluminous studies accentuate the momentous of leadership in mobilizing creativity. Creativity skill is seen as one of the important skills required for the 21st century leadership, which is also known as the tool for creative leader’s mind in engaging and stimulating ideas to execute outcomes. Hence, leaders should create an opportunity by involving every employee and stakeholders in schools to contribute their ideas towards developing creative solutions to enhance school productivity. The focal point of this article is to offer a conceptual framework on creative leadership practices among school leaders towards collaborative school culture. Intensive reviews of literature will be used in the fields of creative leadership and school culture with the aim to nurture leaders into better leaders and encourage collaborative school culture. The framework contributes a new shed on the implication of creative leadership practices and collaborative school culture. It also will contribute a new theory development and offered suggestions for follow up research.

One of the most outrageous human rights violations of 21st century is the violations suffered by human trafficked victims, the violations are often in three stages: first by the traffickers who capture, enslave and exploit individual directly or sell them to be used in industries and jobs for cheap labor and services, second is the destination countries where victims are been exploited in labor yet denied all legal recognition as victim of crime rather is treated as criminal- illegal migrant who is deported without any chance of fair hearing and finally the third is the home country of victims of trafficking that denied victims the required legal assistance in prosecuting traffickers, rehabilitation and reintegration of victims back into the society . In most cases victims of human trafficking in addition to the physical and mental damages suffered during traffic process, are also being prosecuted and punished for the criminal acts perpetuated as a result of being trafficked or deported for being illegal migrant without any chance of fear hearing. In discussing the above topic, it is important to know the true concept of human trafficking under international and domestic laws of our discussion, their legal status and involvement crimes, and if they could possibly be prosecuted for crimes committed during their trafficking period.

Carbon monoxide poisoning an important cause of accidental injury worldwide, and hazards to health, causes many damages in body system. This study was conducted in Al kamleen area where a lot of red brick factories are located along the Blue Nile river bank in the east of the area. The study aimed to investigate PEF at a high CO concentration area. the study area was divided by two lines parallel to the river bank, 500 meters distance from each other into three zones A, B and C from north to south. Also it was divided from east to west by five imaginary lines to give six squires in each zone. The reading for CO concentration was determined for each square. PEF value determined by using PEF fluemeter across summer and winter. CO in air was found to be significantly higher levels of CO concentration in air were detected throughout the year in all zones. PEF values of study group significantly lower than references data and control group; in winter Mean ± SDwere420.4±88.7 and references 552.0±83.1, a reduction to the references was 63.8%. In summer Mean ± SD were 414.0±86.2 and references were 549.0±85, a reduction to the references was 24.6%. The Mean ± SD of control group were 468.4±77.4.The reduction in PEF for study group in winter as compared to the reference were 10.3% and for summer were 11.5% air CO was significantly exceeds the WHO recommended standards. Lower PEF value in study group in winter and summer were associated to high CO concentration which emitted from red brick kilns in Alkamleen area.

Carbon monoxide is a significant air pollutant worldwide. Its poisoning causes hazards to health and damages in body. This study was conducted in Alkamleen area where a lot of red brick factories are located along the Blue Nile river bank in the east of the area. The study aimed to investigate the hematological parameter about Hb, RBC sand PCV at a high CO concentration area.the study area was divided by two lines parallel to the river bank, 500 meters distance from each other into three zones A, B and C from north to south. Also it was divided from east to west by five imaginary lines to give six squires in each zone. The reading for CO concentration was determined for each square. Blood samples were collected from the habitants in the study area. Hb was determined by the Drab kin’s method, Read by photoelectric colorimeter, RBCs was used improved Neubauer (chamber), to calculate the TRBC, PCV was determined by Micro-Haematocrit centrifuge. CO in air was found to be significantly higher levels of CO concentration in air were detected throughout the year in all zones. Mean+/-SD of RBCs among the study group in winter were 5.6±0.8, Mean+/-SD of RBCs among the study group in summer were 5.2±0.8. Hb, RBCs, PCV were significantly higher for study group in winter as compared to control group.air CO was significantly exceeds the WHO recommended standards. Higher reading in winter and summer of Hb, RBCs and PCV were associated to high CO concentration which emitted from red brick kilns in Alkamleen area.

In 2019, Matiama presented a new integral transformation called Shehu transformation, which used to solve many types of differential equations. In this article, we obtained the derivation and integration of Shehu transformation with its applications.

This study encompasses a collection of reviews given by researchers regarding highlighting the importance of employee commitment on loyalty and its consequences. The core idea has derived from the current scenario where organizations are putting forward their efforts to retain their employees for the success and goodwill of their own. This article is featuring a complete and comprehensive study work that can help organizations and managements to drive out best outcomes of their employees. The information provided in this article has enclosed by the data received through 220 structured questionnaires. From the top leading organizations working in two main provinces of Pakistan this data was collected to ensure the accuracy of information. Data was further analyzed through Statistical Software of Social Sciences (SPSS) and hypotheses were tested through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Technique. All hypotheses were accepted which means motivation and commitment of employee imparts a significant contribution in the loyalty of that employee. In this context, this paper makes a humble attempt to clear the concept behind the relationship of employee commitment with loyalty and motivation.

In this work, an experimental study to obtain the fatigue endurance limit for an aluminum alloy7075-T651 were carried out at stress ratio R=-1 and rotary bending tests. The fatigue tests were performed at RT and 250 °C in order to establish the S–N curve equations. The fatigue endurance limits for the alloy at different temperature conditions were calculated at 107 cycles from the empirical S-N curve equations. It was found that the fatigue endurance limit decrease with increasing the temperature. Also The effect of shot peening on the rotating bending fatigue behavior of 7075-T651 was studied. The fatigue strength of specimens tested at250oC at 107cycles is reduced about 12%. The fatigue strength of specimens tested at250oC prior to (10 min.) SP at 107cycles is increased by 7.2%. The roughness of the samples increases after shot peening which leads to the deterioration of the fatigue strength, because the surface of the samples become prone to nucleation of cracks.

Shot-peening is a cold-working process primarily used to improve the fatigue life and strength of metallic structural components. In this work, the shot-peening time (SPT) effect on fatigue life of 7075-T651 Al-alloy was investigating at room temperature stress ratio R=-1 and reversed bending. An increase in shot-peening time (SPT) resulted in an increase in fatigue life improvement percentage (FLI %). For 5 SPT, reducing the applied stress, increasing (FLI%) while at 10 and 15 SPT reducing the applied stress reducing the (FLI%).

In this work , an experimental study to obtain the fatigue endurance limit for two aluminum alloy , 2024 and 5052 , were carried out at stress ratio R=-1 and rotary bending tests . The fatigue tests were performed at RT, 100 °C, 200 °C and 300 °C in order to establish the S–N curve equations. The fatigue endurance limits for both alloys at different temperature conditions were calculated at 107 cycles from the empirical S-N curve equations. It was found that the fatigue endurance limit decrease with increasing the temperature. Also the reduction percentage in fatigue endurance limit for 5052 Al. alloy was higher than that of 2024 Al. alloy.

In this work, an experimental study was carried to obtain the fatigue damage for aluminum alloy, 2024-T4 under rotating bending loading and stress ratio R= -1. The experiments were done at RT(room temperature) ,25oC ,and 200oC. A modified damage stress model was suggested to predict the fatigue life under elevated temperature which has been formulated to take into account the damage at different load levels. The microstructure and hardness of aluminium alloy after fatigue-creep interaction testing have been investigated. Attention has been paid to the role of the microstructure and hardness on the fatigue-creep strength of aluminum alloy. It has been shown that, there is a little effect of microstructure in the cyclic response of aluminum alloy, while the hardness has a significant effect on the fatigue-creep strength. This is described numerically.

This article aims to identify the impact of the course the School-Based Assessment (SBA) against the level of understanding of teachers Living Skills in secondary schools for producing management system SBA that efficiently and effectively. School-Based Assessment (SBA) implemented in phases starting in early 2011 was a transformation in the education system to develop human capital in a holistic manner with emphasize the mastery of knowledge, intellectual capital, and the adoption of a progressive culture that values, ethics and morality. To meet this educational transformation, the Teacher Education Division has provided appropriate training programs and sufficient for increasing understanding among teachers in the management of SBA. For manage the school-based assessment, teachers must understand how SBA implementation carried out can be planned, administered, give scores, and reported in a systematic manner in accordance with procedures prescribed by the Malaysian Examinations Board (MMB). Through a strong understanding can help teachers implement assessment tasks properly and efficiently in increasing the effectiveness of teaching. This article provides information on the analysis of the level of understanding living skills teachers was attending a SBA course so as to create an efficient management assessment. Analysis of information and data obtained from 14 secondary schools in the District of Jasin, Melaka.

A decent home is a basic need for every human. Owning a home has always been a great dream to everyone, it will secure one’s life and give protection to an individual and also the family. However, young people are at greatest risk when it comes to increasing house prices, interest rates with the portions of their monthly income are spending on monthly payment for the housing debt. Most of this generations are just started their working career and hardly earned a good pay. Therefore, the dream to own a decent house is only able to be realized if it is affordable to them. The term affordable simply means, the housing price will not cause excessive financial burden towards their monthly commitment. Malaysia as a developing country remain consistent about providing access to home ownership and several incentives are given to the young starters, however the responses on the incentives are mixed. As the potential house buyers across Malaysia tighten their belt more and more to meet the increasing price of the housing prices, it is about time to relook on the actual cause of the problems before it becomes a madcap to the nation’s economy.

This study investigates the predicted effects of climatic factors during convenient intervals (in days) on cotton flower and boll production compared with daily observations. Also, covers the statistical relationship between climatic variables and aspects of cotton production and the effects of climatic factors prevailing prior to flowering or subsequent to boll setting on flower and boll production and retention in cotton. Further, cotton flower and boll production as affected by climatic factors and soil moisture status has been considered. Evaporation, sunshine duration, relative humidity, surface soil temperature at 1800 h, and maximum air temperature, are the important climatic factors that significantly affect flower and boll production. The least important variables were found to be surface soil temperature at 0600 h and minimum temperature. The five-day interval was found to be more adequately and sensibly related to yield parameters. Evaporation; minimum humidity and sunshine duration were the most effective climatic factors during preceding and succeeding periods on boll production and retention. There was a negative correlation between flower and boll production and either evaporation or sunshine duration, while that correlation with minimum relative humidity was positive. The soil moisture status showed low and insignificant correlation with flower and boll production. Higher minimum relative humidity, short period of sunshine duration, and low temperatures enhanced flower and boll formation.

This study proposes a framework that focuses on Islamic banking efficiency with an application of Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis (FDEA), which is part of an on-going doctoral research programme associated with the determination of the efficiency of Islamic banking. This study will hopefully will assist researchers in studying the efficiency of Islamic banking to make the appropriate selection of inputs and outputs.

Lymphoma is a malignant proliferation of lymphatic system cells. Large B-cell lymphoma is one type of the large list of lymphomas. It could occur in the lymphatic system or other body organs outside it. The clinical expression of this kind of tumors can be really variable. Usely there are general signs such as fever, heavy sweating at night and losing of weight. In addition to symptoms related to the local development of the tumor. In this article, we are about to present a case of tonsillar lymphoma which clinical expression could be confused with any benign tonsillar lesion.

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It’s a major health problem in developing countries such as in north Africa. the incidence of tuberculosis in developing country is increasing, but also in the developed ones due to immunodeficiency. Most clinician do not consider tuberculosis when they are faced a symptomatology that refers to a lesion in the nasopharyngeal area., so often lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Biopsy and histopathological examination should be done in every case to avoid misdiagnosis. Nasopharyngeal tuberculosis has an excellent prognosis and it has complete resolution if treated properly.

An impact of floor levels and geological formation on the concentrations of indoor radon and its progeny studied inside 8 hospitals, and for three floor levels: ground, first and second. Locations of the selected hospitals had different geological formation and located in three main governorates: Erbil, Duhok and Sulaymaniya. Nuclear track detector type CR-39 (CR-39NTDs) used to measure track density of alpha particles that emitted from radon and its progeny. During spring season, 72 pair of exposure chambers (open-close chamber) equipped with 144 pieces of CR-39NTDs installed inside 24 rooms for three floors. After 90 day of exposure, exposed detectors etched in 6N NaOH at 70 ?C for 10 h. The highest and lowest radon concentration was in the hospitals of Shaheed Aso (Sulaymaniya city: 71.09±4.32 Bq.m^-3) and  Erbil Teaching ( Erbil city : 48.02±3.77Bq.m^-3) .This depended on the geological formation, type of building material, and the floor level. Therefore, the results showed that the average radon concentration and annual effective dose decreases gradually as the floor level increases. The highest and lowest of annual effective dose was found in ground and second floor, respectively. Thus, according to the annual exposure dose data, the workers are safety in most of the hospitals. More details about the type of building materials of the hospitals are listed in full paper.

Exposure to natural sources of radiation, especially 222Rn and its short-lived daughter products has become an important issue throughout the world because sustained exposure of humans to indoor radon may cause lung cancer. Therefore, indoor radon concentration levels have been measured inside 8 government hospitals in three main regions (Erbil, Duhok and Sulaymaniya) in Iraqi Kurdistan region during summer season by using CR-39 nuclear track detector. The CR-39 detectors were placed in the all hospitals for three floors (ground, first and second). The highest average radon concentration value and annual effective dose was found to be in the Shaheed Dr.Aso hospital in Sulaymaniya city (52.89±3.52 Bq.m-3 , 1.37±0.09 mSv/y ) respectively and the lowest was found in the Erbil Teaching hospital in Erbil city (30.15±2.85 Bq.m-3 , 0.81 mSv/y) respectively, This depended on the geological formation , type of building material, and the floor level. Therefore, the results showed that the average radon concentration and annual effective dose decreases gradually as the floor level increases The highest and lowest of annual effective dose was found in ground and second floor, respectively. Thus, according to the annual exposure dose data, the workers are safety in most of the hospitals.

Indoor radon levels were measured in four seasons throughout 2013 in public hospitals for Iraqi Kurdistan, using a passive technique CR-39 nuclear track detectors. Thus, the highest and lowest values of rate indoor radon were in winter (105.3 ± 17.20 Bq/m3) and summer (39.92 ± 8.28 Bq/m3) season, respectively. This different value depended for ventilation rate, building material and geological formation. According to the estimation risk factor, the radon induced lung cancer risks for public hospitals in selected locations was varied from 2.7 ± 0.08 to 11.16 ± 1.94 per million people. The highest and lowest values of annual effective dose were recorded in winter and summer seasons, respectively.

Haemophilic pseudotumor is a rare complication of haemophilia consisting of chronic, encapsulated hematoma of muscle and or bone due to repeated bleeding. It is estimated to occur in approximately 1-2% of patients with severe disease. Imaging tests (radiography, sonography, CT, and MRI) are fundamental for diagnosis and monitoring the evolution of pseudotumors. In this paper, we report the radiography and computed tomography aspects of a rare case of a patient with large iliac hemophilic pseudotumor, occurring in severe hemophilia.

Success is a disputed concept which is difficult to exactly define and quote. This study is related to Software Engineering field in which success factors and perception of key stakeholders (i.e. top management, core team and clients etc.) about software project success is tried to identify. Study postulates that there are so many dimensions which are behind of a successful software project. Success has different meanings and varies according projects to projects in Software Engineering industry. It is due to conflict in determination and selection of success factors among stakeholders. Software project stakeholders may differ based on their organizational culture and related goals, current market structure and their customized needs satisfaction (as a client or end user) from intended use of software. Qualitative technique has been applied by using thematic analysis on articles between the time frame of 1991-2010 with major three keywords of “software project success”, “project success” and “perception of stakeholders”. Study provides better understanding why there is a divergent view of success which stakeholders of a software project perceives and must need to know.

Laser therapy as a kind of treatment and rehabilitation method has been used for many years. This method has great potential for reducing pain, inflammation and neuro-rehabilitation. Researchers showed that laser has an important role on cellular repair, reproduction and inhibition. Resent studies help us better comprehension of these mechanisms for neuro-rehabilitation. The results of these studies are needed to be accompanied with medicine studies which have measurable outcomes. The researches showed the improvement neural system and rehabilitations. Also Laser will help to other parts for improving condition. It can be an important method in treatment of both chronic and acute work related neural injuries. As a result, laser therapy is applicable in the treatment and rehabilitation of pain, inflammation, tissue healing and also neuro-rehabilitation programs after surgery, acute phase of injuries and chronic neural disorders.

Drastic change is required in the Teacher Education in view of the ongoing changes in the social, cultural, economical and political environment so that teacher could come in terms with the changing needs of contemporary Indian society. Society and education stands in a relation of reciprocal cause and effect. The character of a given society determines the character of its educational system and this system in turn, determines the character of the society. In the absence of the clarity of vision about the contemporary social environment, Teacher Education fails to secularize the behavior of the society with social enlightment. This article purports to highlight the need to improve the quality of Teacher Education. A teacher needs to be a learner for the whole life. Besides, the problems faced in the field and suggestions to rectify them have been discussed here.

This paper is a report on the findings of a study conducted on seventh-grade science course. Experimental techniques were used to examine the resulting of utilizing visual cues in a web-based learning environment. Findings indicate that there were no statistically significant differences at the significance level (0.05) between the mean scores of the science achievement test of the first experimental group (which uses the web site with visual cues associated with hyperlinks) and the second experimental group (which uses the web site without visual cues associated with hyperlinks). However, there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the pre and post applications of the science achievement test of the first experimental group in favor of the post application. Also, there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the pre and the post applications of the science achievement test of the second experimental group in favor of the post application.

This piece of research addresses an interdisciplinary challenging issue concerned with dynamical evaluation of e-Learning systems' performance. More precisely, it presents an interdisciplinary work integrating neuronal, psychology, cognitive, and computer sciences into educational environment. That's in order to introduce systematic analysis and dynamical evaluation of the adopted study for e-learners' time response (equivalently convergence time) phenomenon. Specifically, this work concentrates on dynamical evaluation of one measuring parameter fore-learning performance namely: time response. In other words, e-learner's response time has been adopted as an appropriate candidate learning parameter applicable for reaching optimal analysis and evaluation of e-learning systems performance. Herein, that time considered as period of time requested in order to reach correctly a pre-assigned (desired) output answer which determined by an e-learner while examined via Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ). At the macro-level, the paper proposed e-learner's response time affected mostly by two basic extrinsic and intrinsic educational factors. Firstly, that associated to effectiveness of e-learning environment such as communication signal to noise ratio, and learning rate value. Secondly, that tightly coupled with gain factor candidates' brain function and structure (synapses, axons, and dendrites).Such as the number of dynamically contributing neurons, and the gain factor of neuronal response function. Consequently, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) simulation has been adopted for realistic evaluation of timely dependent candidate's response till reaching desired correct output solution for any arbitrary MCQ exam. After successful timely updating of dynamical state pattern (synaptic weight vector), pre-assigned (desired) correct response is accomplished in accordance with coincidence learning modeling. The presented simulation has been developed towards quantified analysis of the highly specialized neurons' role performed to select correct answers to MCQ. Furthermore, the time response parameter considers individual differences of learners' brain role (considering various number of neurons), while performing selectivity (MCQ) processes. Finally, after running of suggested realistic simulation programs, some interesting conclusive results introduced.

This paper motivated by an interdisciplinary research work approach integrating multi-sensory cognitive learning theory with interesting issue of tutoring quality improvement. It is worthy to note that adopted approach has been inspired by analysis and evaluation of phonics methodology applied in teaching children "how to read?". Herein, quantitative evaluation of this issue performed by considering two computer aided learning (CAL) packages concerned with a specific mathematical topic namely long division process. Via realistic modeling of packages using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) based upon associative memory learning paradigm. In more details, at educational field practice ; both CAL packages have been applied for teaching children algorithmic steps performing long division processes. Moreover, learning performance evaluation of presented packages considers children outcomes' achievement after tutoring for suggested Mathematical Topic either with or without associated tutor's voice. Interestingly, statistical analysis of obtained educational case study results at children classrooms (for both applied packages) versus classical tutoring proved to be in well agreement with obtained after ANNs computer simulation results.

Pollution of inland waters by agricultural, industrial and municipal wastes is a global problem and a common phenomenon in developing countries. These anthropogenic activities within the landscape facilitate the transfer of nutrients into aquatic ecosystems, sometimes leading to eutrophication which has adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. Deposition of nutrient-rich sediments washed into rivers and stream is common during rainy season in places where the riparian buffer zones have been destroyed. River Isiukhu watershed land use comprises sugar-cane farm, forested, peri-urban and mixed agriculture from upstream to downtream. The research employed stratified random sampling. Nitrate-nitrogen was determined through ultra-violet screening spectrophotometric method while phosphate-phosphorus through ascorbic acid method. Data analyses were done using Statistical Analysis System, version 9.1. Land use had a significant effect of both nitrate-nitrogen (F=1372.25, p<0.05) and phosphate-phosphorus concentrations. Peri-urban and mixed agricultural land uses recorded higher concentrations of these two nutrients while the forest land use recorded the lowest. The study showed that the type of riparian land use land cover influences nutrient concentrations in a water body and is an important area to be focused on by watershed managers.

Desertification is considered as an important problem facing arid and semi-arid regions, as Iran. These processes are resulted either from human activities or adverse natural conditions. However, the combination of both is often applicable. The aim of this study is the identification of areas sensitive to desertification in the southeastern coast of Iran. In this study we used from IMDPA model for quantitative of this problem and we used from GIS for mapping of desertification. Three main benchmarks of desertification, including: soil, wind erosion and climate were considered. The results show that the weight of soil is 1.7 that it is the most effective benchmark in region. On the other hand with analysis of indicators we know that the most important is annual precipitation. After obtain each weigh of benchmarks we understand that the weight of desertification intensity (DS) in region is 1.61 and located in very high class. We know more that 1321.74 (Ha) is in medium class and 2639.30(Ha) of area is in very high class. After soli benchmark, wind erosion with 1.64 value and climate with 1.51 value are effective in desertification.

The major sources for cracking in the bridge decks are the settlement cracking. As these cracks continued growth due to the factors effect on the durability of the structures such as chloride and sulfates attacks, corrosion if the reinforcement, freeze-thaw damage and others. So these cracks considered a very severe problem at the life time. The object of this paper is to assess the effect of pozzolanic materials on the settlement cracking of concrete. 85 mixes were cast to explore the aim of this research. The main variables were type of concrete (self-compacted concrete, normal concrete), type of supplementary materials (silica fume, fly ash). 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5% of silica fume as a replacement of cement content was used. 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 % of fly ash as a replacement of cement content were used. The results clearly that the supplementary materials enhanced the micro-structure of the mixes by reducing the settlement cracking compared with the control mixes. Fly ash reduces the settlement cracks more than silica fume. Settlement cracking didn't observe for the self-compacting concrete mixes. Out of this research; decreasing the settlement cracks yield to get better the durability of the structures, eliminate the abrasion and corrosion of the reinforcement. This yield to decreases the cost needed for maintenance and increases the life time of the structures.

Soil, plant and indicators are the main criteria to recognize the function of natural ecosystems and evaluate their potentials. Rangeland ecosystem contains various patches with different functions. The structural and functional characteristics of fertilized patches in Bozdaghy rangeland, in North-Khorasan Province was measured and analyzed in this study. A group of measurable and simple indices of landscape function analysis (LFA) methods were used to evaluate these characteristics. The data were measured from seven land unit which is developed from overlaying of geology map on the dem and slope map. In this research the length and width of ecological patches by the forms of Grass, forb, shrub and bare soil with litter measured. Also we measured 11 soil surface parameters on three, 50 meters transects in the seven mentioned regions. These 11 parameters are belonging to 3 major attributes of soil: Stability, infiltration and nutrients. Statistical analysis of data using the software landscape function analysis, carried. Using multivariate analysis of variance and Duncan's test, functional characteristics associated with each of the land units were studied. Stability, infiltration and nutrients indices of Shrub, forbs and Grass showed significant differences in seven land unit (p<0.05). shrub was most important ecological indicators of areas.

This research was conducted to evaluation of plant remains effects and different doses of nitrogen on the yield and some yield components of sesame. Design of this experiment was Split plot in a randomized complete block with three replications. The main plot included plant remains of wheat and subplot included four levels of nitrogen (0, 30, 60, 90 kg per ha).According to the results, plant remains improved seed yield of sesame and 256 g/m2 was obtained by plant remains treatment. Some features of sesame increased with increasing levels of nitrogen so that the 90 kg per hectare of fertilizer showed highest yield (339 g/m2) of sesame. Thus the applications of 90 kg nitrogen and plant remains (malch) are recommended to achieve maximum yield of sesame in Mohr region.