Archives-December 2016

Interrupted aortic arch a rare abnormality, is the discontinuity of the ascending and descending aorta. There are three types which are classified based on the area of interruptions. They are Type-A, Type-B and Type-C. In the Type-A form, the interruptions occurs distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery. Type-B interrupted left aortic arch is characterized by the interruption that occurs between the left subclavian artery and left common carotid artery. Type-C variants are due to the interruption or discontinuity between the innominate artery and the left common carotid artery.

The Truncus Arteriosus (TA) is a vast developmental structure which is present during fetal life and normally divides off to form two separate arteries, the Aorta and the Pulmonary artery. In Persistent Truncus Arteriosus (PTA), the Truncus Arteriosus doesn’t divide, giving rise to a single, large trunk, with a correlation between the Aorta and Pulmonary artery, thereby allowing the mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the Fetus. This article aims to discuss in the detail, the origin of this congenital heart anomaly and how it affects the population with focus on related clinical studies and possible remedies.

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new class of sets called (1 ,2)*alpha* -closed sets in topological spaces and to study their properties. Further, we define and study (1,2)*T_alpha* space , (1,2)*_gT_alpha* -space and their properties. 

The study titled “A study on acquisition of primary education as a catalyst for value re-orientation and national development in Rivers state, Nigeria” was undertaken to among other things determine the nature of contributions made by primary education towards value orientation and national development. 2,277 primary school graduates were sampled. Purposive sampling technique was adopted in selecting them. A self researcher made questionnaire known as “Response of Primary School graduates towards value re-orientation and national development (RPSGTVOND)” and it was made up of 21 items. Professors of primary education and educational evaluation validated the instrument. Test retest method was used to establish the reliability level of the instrument to be 0.68 at 0.05 level of significance. Regression ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Two hypotheses were generated namely: (1) there is no significant relationship between primary education and value re-orientation (2) the relationship between acquisition of primary education and national development is not significant. The study establishes that there is a significant relationship between the acquisition of primary education and value re-orientation whereas the relationship between the acquisition of primary education and national development is not significant. Based on the findings, the study recommends that: teacher trainee institutions like the universities of education need to train student teachers to be equipped with skills such as storytelling, counseling etc. known as useful approaches for the teaching and learning of values in the Nigerian society and there is the need for the government to enlighten all stake holders in primary education through the mass and social media to take the business of primary education serious so that it can sufficiently contribute towards national development.

The present research paper has examined the factors which a company must consider while implementing Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices. Manufacturing companies nearby Bhopal will be examined in their approach to be more sustainable. The research method employed is a case study analysis through Semi-structured interviews held with relevant managers. This research correspond with the Strategic and operational planning, Structure, systems, and decision making Management of people and company culture; Relationships with supply chain members. Top-management support is crucial for effectively working GSCM practices. A flat hierarchical structure might be helpful for successful GSCM, but therefore the inherent advantages of a flat hierarchy have to be exploited. Employee involvement is recognized as another crucial element of GSCM. An environmentally friendly company culture is beneficial and should be derived from the companies’ environmental vision and/or mission. Collaborations with suppliers are perceived to be productive and essential to develop innovative products. Other tools, like supplier questionnaires, can help to improve the environmental impact of the whole supply chain.

The study aimed to investigate the relationship between academic achievement, need for achievement and anxiety among 101 above average female achievers. The participants of the study were between the age range of 16-18 years. Academic achievement was assessed by previously passed examination, 65% being the cut off score. The A M Sn-dm (n-ach) by Deo & Mohan was used to assess need for achievement and IPAT Anxiety Scale by Krug, Scheier and Cattell was used to assess anxiety amongst the students. The average achievement score was 79%. The mean need for achievement and anxiety scores were 132 and 39 respectively. A positive but insignificant correlation was found between academic achievement and need for achievement. A negative but insignificant correlation was found between school achievement and anxiety. A negative but significant correlation at .01 level of significance was found between need for achievement and anxiety. The present study has implications in child rearing and teaching practices.

Industrialization is essential to meet up upcoming demands of the evolution. All the industrial activity releases some amount of by-products as pollution into the environment. Iron and steel industry is one of a major heavy industries of Chhattisgarh and considered as resource intensive and pollution prone and added pollution to air, water resources, precious land. In central India many of the integrated iron and steel industry is highly polluting, non-compliant and resource-inefficient. The aim of the present review is to understand and aware with the pollution, mainly (i) stack emission as air pollution, and (ii) heavy metal leaching from piling slag, by steel plants in Chhattisgarh, central India region.

A study was conducted to determine the microbial quality and safety of meat sold in formal and informal markets around Egodini Taxi Rank in Bulawayo. Sausage and chicken samples randomly selected from each outlet were screened for bacterial contamination. E.coli was the predominant bacteria in sausage samples (43% in butchery samples and 85% in vendor samples), whilst S. aureus was abundant in chicken samples (43%). Contamination of meat with Klebsiella spp and Streptococcus spp was minimum. The mean Total bacterial counts (TBCs) for sausage and chicken in vendor samples were 7.66 x 105; 2.41 x 105 cfu/ml respectively whilst the TBCs for butchery samples were 1.14 x 104; 5.45 x 102 cfu/ml respectively. Overally, vendor meat was more contaminated than butchery meat which poses a serious health hazard to the public. The type of meat and outlet had no significant influence on the bacterial load (P=0.298 and P=0.061 at ?=0.05).

The numerical solution of the transport equation was utilized to study the transport phenomena. The currents and transport coefficients such as, the diffusivity, the electrical conductivity, the thermal conductivity and Wiedemmann-Franz Law in addition of investigating the Einstein relation which calculated from the equations (23-25) and (27-37) respectively at 300oK for values E/N=(0.5,1,2,3,4,5)×10-16 V.cm2 and (1,2,4,6,8,10)×10-18 V.cm2 for nitrogen and argon gases respectively. The results reveals to the agreement with the publisher lectures.

Good featured glassy bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) thin films were prepared from solutions having bismuth nitrate, triethanolamine and sodium selenosulphate at room temperature by chemical bath deposition technique. The crystalline structure, surface morphology, electrical and optical properties of these Bi2Se3 thin films were investigated as a function of annealing process. X-Ray diffraction studies resulted in Bi2Se3 thin films with amorphous structure at room temperature (RT) and growth in film was found by annealing with hexagonal crystal structure. A uniform sphere-like morphology was observed from scanning electron microscopy upon annealing. Optical absorption studies revealed that a direct band gap of 1.11 eV for as-deposited Bi2Se3 films and is drops to 1.02 eV by annealing in air at 2000C for one hour. Moreover the absorption edge shifting toward longer wavelength associated with crystallinity development of annealed film. As-deposited, the thin films show resistivity of approximately 6k?/cm2 decreases upon annealing. From temperature-resistance measurements Bi2Se3 thin films are distinctive semiconductor material upon annealing, with calculated activation energies of 0.18eV and 0.9eV at lower and higher temperature respectively. In photoconduction studies after annealing, the films display organized rise in the photocurrent with applied voltage than in the as-prepared films. This enrichment in conductivity results from crystallinity development along with partial loss of selenium. This may accelerate various promises for the usage of these films by chemical bath deposition method.

In the present study, the objective was the ZnS nanoparticles are prepared by chemical co-precipitation method and analysis Antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens is demonstrated, and the characteristics of synthesized nanoparticles are investigated by using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).

The release of chlorophenolics in pulp bleaching wastewater is a threat to the aquatic ecosystems. The chlorophenolics can migrate throughout the biosphere and pose serious health hazard. The work is aimed to detect chlorophenolics using GC-MS and evaluate the effectiveness of TiO2 photocatalysis for their degradation in the paper mill wastewaters. Four type of chlorophenolics i.e. chlorophenols (CP), chloroguaiacols (CG), chlorocatechols (CC), and chlorosyringaldehyde (CSA) are detected in the wastewaters. The wastewaters are subjected to photocatalysis with UV radiation under optimum conditions (TiO2 = 0.50 g/L, pH = 7.0, time = 4 hr, and H2O2 = 15 mM/L). UV/TiO2/H2O2 process has been found to be more efficient for the degradation of chlorophenolics with 68% and 75% removal of chlorophenolics for primary clarified (PC) and biotreated (BT) wastewaters, respectively, as compared to UV/TiO2 process. The Monochlorophenols (MCP) are removed to the maximum extent followed by di- (DCP) and trichlorophenols (TCP).

In this study, we compare the mineralogical properties of two different kind of Peat and Swamp. To achieve this goal, Samples from a highland peat and a peat swamp forest in Golestan Province, have been considered. These studies were carried out using thin sections, XRF, and XRD. Quartz, muscovite, biotite, pyroxene, and Fe in forest swamp and Fe–Mn component, Quartz, aluminum and clay in high land peat are composed mainly mineral. Result shows the concentration of aluminum and quartz in highland peat swamp and the concentration of sodium, sulphur, calcium and L.O.I in peat swamp forest is more.

The present review covers the literature of digital video watermarking schemes based on considering the video during encoding or encoded video in an increasing order of their publication year from 1998 to 2016. Through extensive literature, some grouping is required. Therefore, only papers published by a method of peer review in high class journal are reviewed. Most of the papers are deals with MPEG structure. Few papers are following the structure of H.264/AVC. These articles include experimental, analytical and numerical work for specific applications. This review also takes papers from good conferences and meeting on video watermarking in addition to above reviewing journal articles. The limitations and the still existing challenges are described in the later part of the review facilitate for those authors who further require doing some innovative work in this field. Eventually, the aim of the authors is to covers the in-depth discussion on already published literature based on compressed domain video watermarking.

In this paper we use 2-designs whose incidence matrix can take only binary values and construct a series of balanced and partially balanced n-ary t-designs by using a tool Block Sum and Product (BSP) Methodology. The simple 2- (6, 3, 2) design use as a parent 2-design for the procedure. This parent 2-design gives 36 new balanced n-ary t-designs and 3 partially balanced n-ary t-designs. We given incidence matrices and list out the parameters of newly constructed balanced and partially balanced n-ary t-designs.

Businesses worldwide are faced with the challenge of responding to the needs of their external environment in a manner that adds value to their operations. It is imperative that businesses run their operations within the precepts of the law of the land in which they operate and other regulations prescribed by authorities like business associations and government agencies. The organization is also expected to treat their employees with dignity and within the existing labour laws. The customers expect organizations to produce quality goods and services while the shareholders expect a return on their investment. The communities’ expectations conflict with the shareholders demands because in most cases community investments do not guarantee returns to the organizations. Nonetheless, organizations cannot afford to ignore the communities partly due to government regulations and also due to the long term benefits that accrue from such investments. The issue of organizations running operations in a responsible manner is no longer disputable due to the common understanding of the inherent benefits. Corporations possess power to control and influence the quality of employees, customers, shareholders, and residents of local communities in which they operate. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) focuses mostly on reputation and has only limited connection to the business, making them hard to justify and maintain over the long run.

The Electrical Resistivity investigation was carried out around, Kandili Panchayat union, Vellore District, to identified the moderate and deep depth of groundwater potential zone and understand the subsurface geologic layer, the maximum electrode separation 360m by schlumberger configuration. Geologically, denoted metamorphic rock, basement of Precambrian age. The field data obtained have been analyzed using IPI2WIN software, Inverse slope which gives an automatic interpretation of the apparent resistivity data was interpreted. The investigation data from groundwater potential zone divided as priority vies minimum to maximum resistivity value, (I- Kannalapatti 0.010 to 0.805), (II-Koratti0.042 to 1.077), (III-Thokkium 0.054 to 3.651), (IV –Natham 0.045 to 4.124), (V-S.Pallipattu0.195 to 6.108). Key Words: Vertical Electrical Sounding, Groundwater Potential Zone, Kandili Panchayat Union.

Abstract The levels of Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) in plastic resin pellets were determined with the objective of assessing the status of OCP pollution in the marine ecosystem of selected beaches in Ghana (namely Art Centre, Sakumono, Osu Castle, Labadi, Korle-Gonno, Independence Square and Tema Mighty beaches). The plastic pellets were subjected to Soxhlet extraction and the extracts analyzed using Gas Chromatograph coupled with electron capture detector. High concentrations of Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane compounds (DDTs) were recorded followed by Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs), Chlordane compounds (CHLs), Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin (DRINs), alpha-endosulphan, beta-endosulphan, endosulphan sulphate (Endosulphans) and Methoxychlor. Analysis of the virgin pellets recorded no organochlorine pesticides present. However, plastic pellets collected from all seven beaches were found to contain OCPs with the highest recorded on the Art Centre beach with a total OCP concentration of 106 ng/g. Plastic pellets collected on the Labadi beach recorded the lowest OCPs with a concentration of 20.2 ng/g. The accumulation of OCP residue on the plastic resin pellets suggests that it can be used as a tool for monitoring marine pollution. Key words: Plastic resin pellets, organochlorine pesticides, beaches, concentration, Ghana.

Sometimes BMI at almost the marginally end values of the standard prescribed intervals may wrongly categories a person either into normal or overweight category. This may be sometimes due to either wrong measurement of BMI value or wrong diagnosis of medical practitioner. This may lead to the wrong treatment of the patient. This is a frequent event everywhere in the world. To overcome such type of problems, it is observed that a soft computing approach can only provide a better satisfaction. Since it is a medical diagnosis problem, and since for almost all the medical problems the concerned physicians do always have some amount of hesitation (at best it could be nil), we have no other soft computing theory as our option but the intuitionistic fuzzy set theory of Atanassov only, for approaching towards a satisfactory solution.

A subset D of the vertex set V(G) of a graph G is said to be a dominating set if every vertex not in D is adjacent to atleast one vertex in D. A dominating set D is said to be an eccentric dominating set if for every v ? V?D, there exists atleast one eccentric point of v in D. A subset D is a distance closed set of G if for each vertex u ? D and for each w ? V?D, there exists atleast one vertex v ? D such that d(u, v) = dG(u, w). An eccentric dominating set D of G is a distance closed eccentric dominating set if the induced subgraph is distance closed. The minimum of the cardinalities of the distance closed eccentric dominating set is called as the distance closed eccentric domination number ?dced(G) of G. In this paper, bounds for ?dced(G), its exact value for some particular classes of graphs and some results on distance closed eccentric domination number are obtained.

The corrosion inhibition efficacy of alcoholic extract of stem, leaves and fruits of plant Tribulus Terrestris for mild steel in H2SO4 has been studied in relation to the concentration of inhibitor and temperature by mass loss method. Inhibition efficiency increases with inhibitor concentration but decreases with increase of temperature. The thermodynamic parameters revealed that the inhibition of corrosion is due to adsorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface. The negative free energy values shows spontaneity of the adsorption process with the assumption of Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

Experiment was set up in 2013 at the experimental field of Savannah Agriculture Research Institute to evaluate the effect of split nitrogen application on growth and yield of lowland rice. It was made up of ten treatments laid out in split plot design with three replications. Treatments were made up of two low land rice varieties (Jasmine and Degang) randomly assigned to main plots and five levels of N fertilization (control, 60 kg NPK/ha, 60 kg NPK/ha + 30 kg N/ha, 60 kg NPK/ha + 15 + 15 kg N/ha and 60 kg NPK/ha +10 + 10 + 10 kg N/ha) randomly assigned to sub plots. Fertilizers used were NPK (15-15-15) and Sulfan (24% nitrogen). Variety x split N fertilization had no significant (P>0.05) effect on all parameters measured. Main effect of variety and split N fertilization significantly (P<0.05) affected most parameters measured, especially grain yield. Jasmine proved superior to Degang in grain yield. Application of 60 kg NPK/ha + 30 N/ha optimized rice growth and maximized yield similar to 60 kg NPK/ha + 15 kg N/ha + 15 kg N/ha and 60 kg NPK/ha + 10 kg N/ha + 10 kg N /ha + 10 kg N/ha. Application of 60 kg NPK/ha + 30 N/ha is recommended for increase rice yield and income of farmers, as split application at 15 + 15 kg N/ha and 10 + 10 + 10 kg N/ha attract additional labour cost.

The purpose of contour farming is to reduce runoff and soil erosion on mild slopes. This practice can also increase crop yield through the soil moisture retention in arid and semi-arid regions. Results showed contour cultivation reduced the annual runoff as 10% in compared with cultivation perpendicular to the slope. Also cultivation and planting along contour lines in comparison with cultivation and planting downwards the slop reduced soil losses and water losses as 49.5 and 32%, respectively. Although contour farming reduces runoff and soil erosion largely, but when it's combined with other conservation tillage such as no-tillage or minimum tillage can be more effective. Contour farming on permanent raised beds combined with residue retained on the soil surface is suggested according the results of previous studies as the best practice on mild slopes.

With the public corporations in Kenya embracing strategic management which was heralded to bring the much needed improvement in their performance, the much awaited change has not been as widely seen as was anticipated but is rather slow and at times even retrogressive. There is still concern about poor performance of these public corporations. This can only mean one thing. The strategies are not working or in academic terms, the strategies have not been successfully implemented. Studies have shown the various aspects that contribute to the success of strategy and these have been adopted by the public corporation. This leaves one field not explored- The effect of stakeholder involvement on the successful implementation of strategy. However with public corporations, caution has to be taken on which stakeholder to involve and to what extent. This thus called for the present study to analyze the effect of involving each stakeholder in strategic planning and implementation on successful strategy implementation. Due to the number of public corporations and their homogeneity, a study on one should reflect on what happens in the others. This is the rationale for using KEBS. The study used a desk research design and explored much on the effects of stakeholder involvement on successful strategy implementation in public corporations.

This Privacy preserving is most popular study for the research field. Privacy means gives the protection to the private information at preserving time. In Market place, discovery of frequent item sets using association rules mining is one of most important tasks in mining. Association rules is very helpful for finding frequent item sets to predicate about which item sets purchased together in a market and generate qualitative information that is useful for decision making. For distributed environment, database may be distributed as horizontally, vertically or mixed in computer network. The main problem in secure mining with the help of association rules is that transactions are distributed as vertically and the various sites want to find frequent item sets by participating themselves without discovering their individual data. The proposed method will find frequent item sets for vertical distributed database with the help of data miner using encryption based technique. Each sites prepare matrix with the local frequent item sets as per minimum support and encrypted it than send to other sites. The Scalar product with Boolean matrix is used for finding frequent item sets with secure computation between multiple sites without disclosing private input which improved efficiency and privacy of system.

It will impossible to attain competitiveness capability without using IT and communications; thus enterprises require redefining what they are as regards this technology and finding a new architecture for their own organization. The country's auto part manufacturing industry needs a model whereby various aspects of enterprise architecture are appropriately expanded and upon which suitable strategies for implementing an integrated system is created. This paper seeks to offer a reference model for preparing and formulating an appropriate enterprise architecture regarding the implementation of integrated systems in auto parts manufacturing firms. To design model, principles of Axiomatic designing and generalized enterprise reference architecture and methods are applied. With the identification of 120 pieces of requirements and conversion of them to business capabilities, the recommended reference model, based on a service-oriented architecture consists of 6 layers of architecture, 17 components and 71 business capabilities.

For some specific applications quality of the hole is much of the need and it is defined by its dimensional accuracy at entrance and exit of hole. Laser drilling is an advanced technology in drilling process, known for its accuracy, fastness and cleanliness in material removal to get the accurate hole diameters to the range of 5 microns. It gives the feasibility to drill the holes of very small aspect ratio. Nd: YAG Laser drilling process is an economical and easily regulated conventional drilling process compared to that of WEDM, punching, broaching and other prevalent destructive processes. This laser drilling technology is equipped with advanced features, provides ease of regulating the different input parameters. Some of the many input parameters that are involved in this operation are power, lamp current, pulse width, wavelength, pulse frequency etc., every input parameter has got its influence on output responses. With this consideration, experimentation is carried out selecting austenitic stainless steel known for its wide applications based on central composite design to examine the effect of laser input parameters particularly lamp current, pulse frequency, gas pressure and pulse width, on the quality of drilled holes. In total 31 experimental trials were conducted to get output responses. With response surface methodology (RSM) technique models were simulated for output responses and then compared with adequacy test. It is found that the response surface methodology predicted models are in close agreement with that of experimental values, further using evolutionary algorithms these models can be used for optimization of process parameters. Results are also useful to automate the laser drilling process.

This research has cautiously reviewed past studies on Meta cognitive strategies encompassing on planning, monitoring and evaluating learners. The basic purpose of these reviews was to identify strategies to assist children in enhancing their reading and understanding potential. On basis of those reviews seven well defined strategies were formulated for the teachers to apply in a group of 8-9 years old learners for developing reading comprehension by an experiemnt.Study indicates that if proper strategies applied during reading sessions, positive change in the learners is significant. This study is helpful for readers specially teachers to consider cognitive and metacognitive strategies as a mean to plan their reading lessons on vocabulary building, making connections, questioning, summarizing, predicting, visualizing and monitoring. Therefore, it is recommended that these strategies be incorporated for teaching English reading lessons.

The present study offers an exploration of the success factor used in green building construction in the Bhopal area. The specific objective includes assessment of the factors relation and its impact. How these factors will play the role and awareness among public as well as in builders of Bhopal region. In total 54 builders is interviewed face to face with the help of semi structured questionnaire. Responses are tabulated and descriptive analysis is performed. Correlation analysis is done for the received data on success factors. It is being found that most of the success factors are related and having impact in the success of green building research.

Information assurance (IA) projects serve as critical elements of the information technology industry, yet enjoy limited success since these pursuits are often plagued by classical project management failures stemming improperly managing budgets, cost overruns, and missing projected timelines, commonly attributed to performance of the project teams. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the leadership and other strategies necessary to enhance IA project performance achievement and success. The Lewin (1939) situational leadership theory underpinned the study and served as a theoretical reference source for deeper interpretations of the study data, against these propositions. Interviews were conducted with 20 IA professionals located in the Washington, DC Metropolitan area of the United States. The data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using a process of thematic analysis using the Moustakas’ modified van Kaam analysis method. The major themes from the analysis of the interviews of IA professionals denoted the importance of leveraging the technical knowledge of these resources, with a balanced mix of technical and subject matter experts in make-up of project teams. Training in increasing the success of these teams indicated that this must commence at the leadership level. The study results may contribute to existing knowledge in improving project success and in the development and growth of the IA industry.

Phosphorus is important for finger millet production in many tropical African soils with low phosphorus fertility. Knowledge of redirection of this limited resource for reproduction is fundamental in realization of potential yields. The effect of four phosphorus levels (0, 12.5, 25.0 and 37.5 kg ha-1 P2O5) and three varieties (U-15, P-224 and a local check) on the days to flowering and maturity of finger millet were evaluated in three agro-ecologies in Kenya during the raining seasons of 2014-2015. Phosphorus application significantly (P<0.05) increased early flowering and physiological maturity in Kakamega and Busia. The varieties elicited significantly different days to 50% flowering and maturation periods in all the study sites. The days to flowering and maturity were found to be lowly but negatively correlated with the grain yield of finger millet in all the sites.

Semi-organic nonlinear optical crystal of Glycine Zinc Chloride (GZC) crystals were grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The crystal system and lattice parameters were determined from the single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies confirm the various functional groups present in the grown crystal. The transmittance and absorbance of electromagnetic radiation is studied through UV-Visible spectrum. The mechanical property of grown crystals has been analyzed by Vicker’s micro hardness method. The thermal behaviour of the grown crystals has been investigated by DTA and TGA analysis.SHG efficiencies were measured using Kurtz powder technique. GZC has the NLO efficiency of 72% of KDP crystal.

This study investigated the impact of Teacher Trainee Sponsorship Scheme on improving teacher supply in the Bosomtwe-Atwima-Kwanwoma District of the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Questionnaire and interview guide were used to collect data from the District Education Office and the District Assembly. The sample included 228 teachers selected from 45 primary and Junior High Schools. The study revealed that majority of sponsored teachers are native of Bosomtwe-Atwima-Kwanwoma District or share common border with the district. Most sponsored teachers in the deprived areas have some rural background. The scheme is faced with the problem of non-payment of regular and realistic allowances to the teacher trainees. The study revealed that sponsored teachers in the Bosomtwe-Atwima-Kwanwoma District have high expectations for conditions and facilities in the schools and communities. When the conditions and facilities are favourable, the teachers feel satisfied.

The manufacturing industries is becoming more competitive in recent decade, thus more concern about their operations and management, which makes industries interested in developing modern management system in order to stay competitive in managing their business operations. The present paper discusses the real time implementation of maintenance management discipline for the better performance and availability of the equipment. A particular section is selected, and analysis of OEE and maintenance discipline has shown a remarkable achievement. Six month continuous monitoring of plant by scholar has suggested implementing a maintenance management discipline for continuous performance improvement and maximum availability of equipments.

The Erbium doped KDP crystals were grown by Sankaranarayanan-Ramasamy (SR) method with the vision to improve the properties of the crystal. The chemical composition of the grown crystals is confirmed by EDAX Analysis. The grown crystal was characterized by PXRD and UV-Vis analysis. The SHG efficiency is determined by Kurtz powder technique. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss and ac conductivity of the crystal were studied. The functional groups are identified by FT-Raman analysis. The Optical transmission and SHG studies shows the suitability of the ingot for optical applications.

The present paper pinpoints on not-so-very-important activity in today’s competitive era i.e. free play. There is a tremendous amount of change seen in today’s child in comparison to children almost a decade ago. Most importantly, the population for whom the paper is emphasized is children, which are particularly invaluable as they transit from one stage to another and that too so swiftly that their play time has declined, and how this lack of play affects their cognitive, physical and emotional development, eventually leading to rise of anxiety, depression and problems of attention and self control. Hence, there is a need for parents, child psychologists, paediatrics as well as school management to play a pro-active role in extending the time spend on play i.e. simply free play in order to produce effects such as cohesion, harmony and well-being among children.

Density, Viscosity and Ultrasound velocity of Tetra ethyl lead in aqueous NaOH and aqueous KOH have been measured at varying concentrations at 30oC. The derived acoustic parameters like specific acoustic impedance (Z), intermolecular free length (Lf), relative association (Ra), isentropic compressibility (?s) etc. have been calculated using density, viscosity and ultrasound velocity data. These parameters are used to discuss the nature and extent of intermolecular interactions in the mixture.

Table of contents for the month of December 2016

In any business, large or small, the adoption of competitive strategies is imperative. Sales generate profits – in turn profits allow for growth. Financial institutions, especially in developing markets, use agents to reach an additional client segment or geography. However, many companies have found the application of competitive strategies difficult to properly implement due to lack of adequate understanding and preparation by management and agents. Hyper-competition is characterized by intense and rapid competitive moves, in which competitors must move quickly to build new advantages and erode the advantages of their rivals. Factors that have led to accelerated hyper competition include knowledge sharing (franchise and outsourcing), brand convergence, quick niche copying (imitation), and high quality resulting from standardization, shrinking markets, and attraction of powerful new entrants to business segments with high returns, Yet the astonishing reality is that most of the firms are as unprepared for the challenges of finding, motivating, and retaining capable workers as they were a decade ago. Business leaders are deeply concerned with increasingly global nature of that competition - to have a major effect on their companies. Specific focus for this study is dedicated on theoretical and empirical literature, on organizational and institutional competitive strategies applied within management and concludes with a conceptual framework. Literature reviews consists of details of published and unpublished documents such as journals, papers, books, e-sources and other accredited researchers on related topics.

This research was carried out to monitoring natural radioactivity level in rock samples were taken from Northern Nuba Mountain, Dallanj region - South Kordofan State. Gamma ray spectroscopy technique was used to evaluate radioactivity level to establish background radiation level. Measured activity concentrations of radionuclides 226Ra,232Th and 40K ,absorbed dose and annual effective dose were found 23.56±2.11, 29.57±4.33 and 330.58±37.06 Bqkg-1 and 33.34±3.39 nGyh-1 and 40.92±4.16 µSvy-1 , respectively. The obtained data shown that values are far below than reported global data. Estimation of the relative contribution of the 226Ra, 232Th and 40K to the overall absorbed dose in air discovered that the main contribution comes from 232Th 53.57 %.

We are very happy to announce that from 28th December 2016, Mr. Amit Kumar has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Computer Science. The appointment of Amit Kumar as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.

We are very happy to announce that from 9th December 2016, Mr. Sumit Kushwaha has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Electronics Engineering. Mr. Sumit Kushwaha working as Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics Engineering, Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India – 228118. The appointment of Mr. Sumit Kushwaha as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

We are very happy to announce that from 28th December 2016, Mr. Tanvir Singh has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Electronics and Communication Engineering. The appointment of Mr. Tanvir Singh as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.

In this paper, we study some of the properties of multi intuitionistic fuzzy rw-open mappings and multi intuitionistic fuzzy rw-closed mappings in multi intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces and prove some results on these.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new class of sets called Nano pre-generalized locally closed set in Nano topological space and to discuss some of its properties.

NiO NPs and Barium doped NiO NPs calcined for different periods of time (3hr, 4hr) at 700?C were synthesized through co-precipitation method. XRD analysis confirmed that all the samples exhibit FCC cubic structure. The doping of barium and also increasing the calcinations time of Ba:NiO increases the crystallite size .Optical absorption spectra reveal that energy gap decreases from 3.75 eV to 3.35 eV due to the increase in crystallite size.PL spectral analysis shows that emission intensity decreases with decreasing grain size. . The morphology of the NiO NPs and Ba:NiO NPs has been analyzed by FESEM and SEM respectively The results of antimicrobial activity of NiO NPs and Ba:NiO (4 hrs) against E-Coli indicated that NiO NPs have excellent inhibitory activity.

Over the past few decades the stress had become a growing dilemma in organization and cause unfavorable effects on job performance. Stress is a universal element that affects employees worldwide. There are many barriers that affecting the employees in the workplace. Work stress often affects the employees in the workplace, where each employee will feel it at least once in their workplace. Work stress is a real life problem that not only affects the organization, but the employees mainly become victims of stress. stress become a familiar element in organization and nowadays the workplace become more complicated, which bring more negative impacts to the employees compared to positive impacts. Stress among workers is greater than before which also effect on the whole performance of the employees. Stress which occurred in workplace declared as harmful to physical and emotional responses that happen within a human being when the requirement of the job do not match the employees? capacity, resources and needs. In addition to higher levels of stress are connecting to lower performance, whereas higher job satisfaction point out higher performance.

Semi-organic nonlinear optical crystal Pottasium hydrogen phthalate (KAP) crystals doped with mono, di, trivalent metal ion(Ag+,Ca2+,Cr3+) doped separately were grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The crystal system and lattice parameters were confirmed from the powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies confirm the various functional groups present in the grown crystal. The transmittance of electromagnetic radiation is studied through UV-Visible spectrum. The mechanical property of grown crystals has been analyzed by Vicker’s microhardness method. The thermal behaviour of the grown crystals has been investigated by DTA and TGA analysis. SHG efficiencies were measured using Kurtz powder technique. The NLO efficiency of these crystals was measured and Ca2+ doped KAP have the highest SHG value than all other crystals.

Facial beauty is becoming more and more important worldwide. This is defined as being close to what is advertised as attractiveness (for example by media) and is determined mainly by golden proportions. This study aimed to observe the soft tissue facial angular and proportional norms of South Iranian population attending Shiraz Dental School's clinic. Methods and material: Seventy subjects (34 males and 36 females; 16-30 years of age)with Persian origin who had a skeletal class 1 pattern and almost well-aligned maxillary and mandibular dental arches who participate in this cross-sectional study were selected from patients attending Shiraz Dental School's orthodontic clinic in 2013. Standardized frontal facial view digital photographs were taken from subjects and traced. Four angular and eight proportional facial variables were analyzed by using Autocad software. For statistical evaluation a Student’s t -test was used and the reliability of the method was assessed by using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient within a four week interval. Results: Men had a higher facial asymmetry, a higher Facial Index, a higher proportion of the distance between inner canthus of the eyes divided by the mean of the width of the right and left eyes, and a lower facial aperture modified angle average than females. Conclusion: The average measurements of most facial variables of this study's population deviated from the ideal values suggested in texts and from those of the Brazilian Caucasian population. 

This paper is deliberate the psycho study in earthquake affected area in Nepal. Earthquake is one of the fatal natural disasters we have regularly experienced. Nepal and its adjacent areas are vulnerable to very high magnitude of earthquake. On the basis of investigation it has been found that recent earthquakes had destructed many human lives and their properties in Nepal and north India. The earthquake was considered to be the main cause for avalanches, landslides, slumps, many creaks and fissures in the adjacent area of Nepal. The study endeavors to examine the nature, extent, causes and consequences of the tremor of quakes.

The process of quality assurance in a testing laboratory should reveal that the method and the analytical instrument give precise and accurate results, or whether aggravation occurs. The quality measures should comprise standard tests which give information on the characteristic performance of the method used by the laboratory. According to the literature, useful standard procedures contributing to the overall quality of analytical results are illustrated in relation with optical emission spectrometry. Parameters examined are general requirements for a complete quality system according to ISO/IEC 17025:2008 international standard including accuracy and precision. The performance of the whole system to measurement of samples of interest must be monitored with control charts. Data representing the routine performance of emission spectrometer systems and methods permit predicting long-term uncertainties and confidence intervals

The District Cooch Behar endeavours a number of freshwater bodies both of lentic and lotic types having zooplankton communities. A total of sixteen taxa of zooplankton were recorded from the Panishala Beel (one lentic system) encompassing three rotifera, five copepoda, one ostracoda and seven cladocera. On the other hand, a total of thirteen taxa of zooplankton were recorded from the River Ghargharia (one lotic system) that includes five copepoda, one ostracoda, one rotifera and six cladocera. Both the water bodies contains four zooplankton groups and show same kind of group diversity in respect of their zooplankton group. Both the water bodies were dominated by Cyclops sp. most probably due to organic pollution and abundant nutrients.

The study examined the relationship between perceived characteristics of innovating (PCI) and adoption of new mobile phones among students in Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Based on Rogers’ (1983) theory of adoption, Moore and Benbasat (1991) identified constructs such as relative advantage, ease of use, result demonstrability, compatibility, visibility, trialability, and image as characteristics of innovation that could influence adoption. The study population comprised 13,798 full-time undergraduate students of the institution, out of which 389 respondents were drawn using Yamane sample size model and stratified random sampling technique. An aggregate of 380 structured questionnaires were duly completed and useable giving a 97.6% response rate. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was the method used to test the relationship between consumer perception of mobile phone as innovative and adoption of new mobile phones. The result showed that factors such as relative advantage, ease of use, result demonstrability were highly significant (r= 0.859; p<0.05, p=0.000) in their relationship with adoption; whereas visibility and image were weak (r=0.482; p<0.05, p=0.006) in their relationship with adoption. The study recommended that awareness of the functionality of new and sophisticated mobile phones needs to be raised by marketers if they want customers to adopt and use them. Furthermore, knowing that students are becoming ICT compliant and having taken to the use of social media in their interactions, it is important that mobile phone design and functionality should correspond to the social lifestyle and academic requirements of scholars to ensure sustained adoption.

Environmentally sustainable (green) supply chain management (GSCM) has emerged as an important organizational philosophy to achieve corporate profit and market share objectives by reducing environmental risks and impacts while improving ecological efficiency of these organizations and their partners companies. The number of organizations contemplating the integration of environmental practices into their strategic plans and daily operations is continuously increasing day to day. Numerous initiatives have provided incentives for organizations to become more environmentally benign. Organizations view many of these environmental programs, which may include technological and organizational development projects, as possible alternatives for gaining or maintaining a competitive advantage. One environmental program area that continues to gain in importance is one that focuses on the external relationships among organizations. Environmentally conscious business practices have been receiving increasing importance from both researchers and practitioner’s point of view. Interdisciplinary research has integrated the efforts of management, engineering, physical and social sciences to investigate the issues relevant to this GSCM. Similarly, multifunctional groups within organizations and external stakeholders have a role in decisions related to organizations and the natural environment. Green supply chain decisions are one of the latest issues facing organizations with strong internal and external linkages.

The purpose of the study was to establish the role of organizational culture on performance in the insurance industry in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population for this study was the senior and middle level management staff of the 49 insurance companies registered with the Association of Kenya insurers (AKI) by December 2014. The study selected the respondents using stratified proportionate random sampling technique. Primary data was obtained using self-administered questionnaires administered using a drop and pick later method. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, mean score and standard deviation was estimated for all the quantitative variables and information presented inform of tables and graphs. Inferential data analysis was done using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis to establish the relations between the independent and dependent variables. Hypothesis testing was done using p-value in a Chi-square test. F-statistic was also be computed at 95% confidence level to test whether there is any significant relationship between organizational culture and performance of insurance companies in Kenya. The correlation results revealed that organizational culture promoted performance in the insurance industry in Kenya. The study recommends that standard employee compensation packages should be implemented to poster motivation for better employee productivity. Insurance companies in Kenya should develop strategic marketing plans that differentiate each organization from the market rivals. Continuous market innovation and product development is also advocated. Strong focus on customer retention and building of loyalty is recommended. Insurance firms in Kenya should implement knowledge management systems as this was associated to be a key driver towards Performance of Insurance Companies. Periodically, insurance firms in Kenya should carry out SWOT analysis, business reengineering process is also encouraged to keep operations on tack. Internal flow of activities are effective as the quality of coordination was found to be a crucial factor posting positive performance of organization and that management should work to ensure that strategic policies actively promote organizational effectiveness, reputation, values and ethics. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge concerning strategic management which has become popular among companies. The study results promote clear understanding on organizational culture especially on leadership.

This study examines the effects of instructional scaffolding on achievement of students in Biology in Anambra State, Nigeria. The research design used in the study was quasi experimental research design. The sample consists of 120 SS2 biology students selected from the four randomly sampled secondary schools in Awka Education Zone in the state. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. Biology Achievement Test (BAT) was the only instrument used for data collection. The Pearson Product Moment correlation statistics was used to obtain a reliability coefficient of 0.84 using data obtained by the test-retest method. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation while t - test was used to test the hypotheses. The results reveal that scaffolding instructional strategy enhanced students? achievement in biology. There was no significant difference in the mean gain scores of male and female students taught biology concept in the experimental group but there was a significant difference between mean gain scores of male and female students taught biology concept in the control group. Based on the findings, it was recommended amongst others that teachers should adopt scaffolding instructional strategy for teaching Biology in schools. Curriculum planners should include scaffold as an instructional strategy for enhancing academic achievement.

Annatto extract was investigated as a cheap and ecologically friendly alternative corrosion inhibitor. The corrosion process was monitored with mild steel coupons in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid at temperatures between 30oC to 90oC by weight loss and spectroscopic techniques. The extract effectively inhibited the corrosion of mild steel in the acid at temperatures studied. Inhibition efficiency obtained varied with temperature and extract concentration. Adsorption models were used to predict the nature of the extract-steel surface interaction. Thermodynamic models provide evidence of spontaneous physical and chemical adsorption mechanism with the evolution of heat. Kinetic studies reveal deepening effect on the activation potential well in the presence of the extract. The effects of solvent and synergistic intensifiers on the effectiveness of the dye extract were also assessed. Heavy metal ion composition in the formulation was within acceptable limit of environmental and health safety.

We propose a systematic methodology in any experimental design using orthogonal approach technique, which maximizes the coverage by comparatively lesser number of test cases. In such technique we have to balance between the specified time and quality. In this paper we adopt multiple strategy of OATS (Orthogonal array testing Strategies) in diabetic people to asses and compare the practice to optimize the testing efforts and achieve the right balance between diet and medication in urban and rural areas. Here we introduce three case studies of this orthogonal approach to reduce the number of test cases under the given software and hence improve the efficiency of the testing.

This paper discusses the processes that English loanwords into EkeGusii undergo in the process of being accommodated into the EkeGusii phonological system. The data used in the paper is from native speakers of EkeGusii and Optimality Theory (here after OT) is used in the analysis of the data. This paper is different from most papers of the kind in that it uses a constraint based theoretic framework unlike others which either do not use any theoretical framework (Mberia, 2004 among others) or use rule based theories when they do (Zivenge 2009 among others). The paper focuses on two phonological processes: re-syllabification, i.e. syllabic change and phoneme change. For example, the paper discusses whether EkeGusii Phonology maintains the CV syllable structure when nativizing English loanwords with consonant clusters CnV (where n = 2, 3 or 4 consonants), given that EkeGusii language does not allow consonant clusters. For instance the English word ‘tractor’ - /tr?.kt?/ is realized as ekeragita [e.ke.ra.?i.ta], with a V.CV.CV.CV.CV syllable form. Thus for the English word ‘tractor’ to be accepted into the phonological system of EkeGusii, it has to undergo syllable re-adjustment. Notice that in the English form, the word has two syllables which are CCV.CCV, while in EkeGusii they are five, the first one being V. while the rest are CV.CV.CV.CV. Other adjustments include: vowel epenthesis to break the consonant clusters /tr/ and /kt/.

Three different south Indian fruits’ seeds have been selected and subjected to test their synergistic antibacterial activity against certain human pathogenic bacteria of clinical source which includes both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Both sensitive and MDR bacterial strains have been included in this study. Ethanol and water were used as solvents to extract the seeds. The crude extracts were prepared by the ordinary method . Among that, the ethanolic seed extracts had shown its maximum synergistic antibacterial activity towards the tested bacterial strains and recorded as the most effective extractant. Terminalia chebula, Vitis vinifera and Punica granatum seed extracts were tested singly for their antibacterial activity and also tested for its synergistic antibacterial activity with their paired extract combinations. Among the tested combinations, Terminalia chebula seed extract found to shown its maximum synergistic antibacterial activity with Vitis vinifera seed extract.The least leval antibacterial and synergistic antibacterial activity was recorded with the single as well as paired extract with Punica granatum seed extract combinations . From this we conclude that the bioactive compounds present in the seed extracts of Terminalia chebula, effectively acted against the human pathogenic sensitive and MDR bacterial strains, than Vitis vinifera and Punica granatum seed extracts. Further this can be prescribed along with other medicinal choice for treating the bacterial infections, including the drug resistant infections.

Schiff bases (E)-4-chloro-2-((phenylimino)methyl)phenol, (E)-4-chloro-2-(((2-methoxyphenyl)imino)methyl)phenol, (E)-4-chloro-2-(((4-chlorophenyl)imino)methyl)phenol, (E)-4-chloro-2-(((5-chloro-2-methylphenyl)imino)methyl)phenol were synthesized from 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde and substituted aniline. The synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV, 1H, and 13C NMR. The antibacterial studies revealed that the compounds exhibit broad spectrum antibacterial activity against Escheriochia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium. The antibacterial activities was affected by the substituent on the aniline part.

This paper proposes a new Tabu Search Enhanced Artificial Bee Colony (TSEABC) algorithm that integrates the concepts of Tabu Search (TS) and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) techniques. The proposed algorithm is applied to solve Economic Load Dispatch(ELD) problems considering of prohibited operating zones and ramp rate limits of thermal units, capacity limits and power balance constraints. In the proposed TSEABC algorithm, the best attributes of both TS and ABC are utilized, and it is capable of finding the better optimal solution for the combinatorial optimization problems. For validating the proposed algorithm, it has been tested on the standard three, six and fifteen unit test systems. The comparison of results show that the proposed TSEABC algorithm is well suitable for solving non-linear economic dispatch problems, and it is doing better than the EP, PSO and other modern metaheuristic optimization methods reported in the recent literatures.

The present study examines the risk model comparison, the conventional wisdom predicting bankruptcy, the Tehran Stock Exchange, with the curve and the ROC, is paid. In this study, the performance model risk, in the face of conventional wisdom predicting bankruptcy, with a comprehensive exam, and using a full database of companies listed on the main Tehran Stock Exchange between 2011 to 2014, with curve and the ROC, we tested. In this study, risk models are of two types. 1. The risk model based on accounting information, and (2) risk model based on market information. And traditional bankruptcy prediction models, as well as two types, 1. Z concession model, only the use of accounting information, and (2) provided that the claim based model, in equity, as an option to decide on assets looks. The population of this research, companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The population of this study, which is now number 342, 95 of them are bankrupt and the sample number, company number is 246, 67 of them are bankrupt. In this study, the software brings new 3, Excel and SPSS (spss) is used. The individual results of each test curve ROC (receiver operating characteristics), and the ROC suggests that the ability to predict bankruptcy risk models better than the traditional approach.

This study investigates the effects of malaria drugs on children of different gender under the age of five in Nigeria (Umuahia in Abia State as a case study). It was carried out by applying descriptive statistical methods and Poisson log linear regression model on different malaria drugs. To achieve this, five age groups in months (<12, 12-23, 24-35, 36-47, 48-59) and gender (male and female) were used. Secondary datasets were collected from Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2013 and department of Health and Human Services, Abia State University, Uturu. The result shows that the rate of usage of all malaria drugs considered in this study is similar for all age groups. However more males than females received Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy (ACT). The only significant difference found is between the Amodiaquine and Chloroquine, The study therefore concludes that the effect of malaria drugs is dependent on age and gender. Apart from all the main effects of all the variables being significant, there is also a statistically significant interaction between gender, age and drug, p = 0.00134. The poissson regression result predict that in the last 12months, there is a 4.9% and 6.7% increase in the number of gender and drugs respectively considered yearly with (95% CI. 0.281 to 1.678 and 0.006 to 1.033), and also a statistical significant results, P-value = 0.010 & 0.004 respectively.

We all know that a certain story may be told differently by various people. It is interesting to know whether a person’s social characteristics and career have any possible effect on the way they tell a story. Therefore, the main aim of the present research study is to investigate whether there is any correlation between the social class of different people and the way they tell a story. To this aim, 15 people with different social classes, 5 janitors, 5 teachers and 5 doctors of medicine, were selected randomly. They were all from Rasht and asked to describe one terrible story of their lives. Then by using Labov and Waletzky’s story component, the gathered data were analyzed. The results indicated that there is no significant correlation between the social class of the participants and the way they tell a story. In other words, according to the gathered data, no fixed pattern was found for the way different people who belong to a specific social class tell a story.

This paper contains the results of a new experimental study of the temperature effect on density and ultrasonic velocity for peanut (Arachis hypogaea), canola (Brassica napus L., Brassica rapa L. and Brassica juncea) and rosa mosqueta (Rosa affinis rubiginosa L.) oils. The Halvorsen’s model (HM), and Collision Factor Theory (CFT) were selected for prediction of these properties, attending to ease of use and range of application. An accurate response was observed, despite of the use of molecular group contribution procedures for estimation of theoretical critical points and the complex nature of the studied fluids.

The Pearson’s correlation coefficients on the relationship between the aggressive behavior, deprivation, well being and relationships between the Inmates of prisons and Waders. The results show that correlation coefficient (0.274**) between aggressive behavior and deprivation is positive and statistically significant at 1% level. This means that deprivation suffered by inmates is one of the key factors that give rise to their aggressive behavior. The results also show that correlation coefficient (-0.096*) between aggressive behavior and Inmates’ well being is negative and statistically significant at 5% level. This means that Inmates’ well being is one of the major factors that reduce to their aggressive behavior. The results also reveal that correlation coefficient (-0.113*) between aggressive behavior and relationships between the Inmates of prisons and Waders is negative and statistically significant at 5% level. This means that existence of cordial relationship between the Inmates and Waders helps significantly in reducing their aggressive behavior. The results show that correlation coefficient (0.584**) between deprivation and Inmates’ well being is positive and statistically significant at 1% level. This means that despite the adequate well fare enjoyed by the Inmates, they still feel demoralized of been deprive of certain rights which may include movement, access to phone, restriction in visitation of their family members etc. The result of correlation coefficient (0.174**) between deprivation and relationships between the Inmates of prisons and Waders is positive and statistically significant at 1% level. by the Inmates encourage cordial relationship between them and the waders. The descriptive statistics Aggressive Behavior, Deprivation, Prisoners Well Being and Relationship between the Inmates and Waders. Dividing respective means (76.4967, 41.7133, 39.89, and 8.16) The respective number of questions (29, 18, 20, and 4) under each variable from the questionnaire, we have approximate averages of responses of (3, 2, 2 and 2). This implies that the respondents (inmates) strongly agreed on average to be aggressive under circumstances on aggressive behavior features in the questionnaire. The results also show that the inmates disagreed on average of been deprived of their rights, their proper well fare and cordial relationship between them and waders. This means that inmates are given their rights but their welfare and interaction with waders are too poor..The results of normality test using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests revealed that the results of the tests are statistically insignificant and implies that null hypothesis which states that observed values of the variables follow normal distribution cannot be rejected at 5% level. positive (97.9%) relationship between the study variables. Introduction, discussion of the findings, methodology, recommendation and conclusion were captured.

Soret and Dufour effects on unsteady heat and mass transfer of an incompressible chemically reacting, electrically conducting memory fluid over a continuously moving horizontal non-conducting surface embedded in a porous medium in the presence of transverse magnetic field and volumetric rate of heat generation/ absorption are investigated. The governing non linear partial differential equations are transformed into coupled non dimensional non linear ordinary differential equations by using separation of variables and series expansion methods and are solved numerically by using MATLAB’s built in solver bvp4c. The influence of the Dufour number, Soret number, porosity parameter, heat source parameter and dimensionless chemical reaction parameter on temperature and concentration profiles as well as on local Nusselt number and Sherwood number are illustrated graphically. It is concluded that the Soret number, Dufour number and the chemical reaction parameter play a crucial role on the heat and mass transfer.