Archives-July 2014

Indian criminal courts have always troubled with idea of punishing ‘attempts’ of crime. The troubled water which includes offence and attempt to commit such offence are so inter-woven that any attempt to separate them is not only difficult but also theoretically dangerous. The question of defining attempt is not that simple, particularly offence attempt to commit rape. The limits of theories prescribing explanations for punishing attempts are miserably failed when they are applied on offence of attempt to commit rape. The work is to explore the limits of these theories and how due lack of such theories often blunders are committed by courts including apex court of this country.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of the university tuition fees on the education market in the UK. The aim is to identify university tuition fees and whether they are important in the decision making when choosing a university and the extent of this importance in different students. 100 students from the north campus of the London Metropolitan University were chosen as the sample for this research. Because of the significant differences between the respondents of this research and previous studies (which are mentioned in this paper’s literature review), a structured interview was conducted to find out the importance of the factors for choosing a university. A multi answer survey is conducted to collect data about the extent of each factor plus. This study uses the mix method approach; Qualitative and Quantitative method. The result of this study shows increasing university fees is more important for young students than mature students and there is a relation between increasing fees and the students expectation of university facilities.

According to the teachings of Islam, the main source of glory to God, and all His glory. The Quran is very bad traits of human arrogance, is considered. In several places the Quran stipulates that all honor is with Allah, so if anyone is looking for glory, no way unless the Lord, to grant him and is in line with the faith and obedience of God, man Amour is also Scriptures of Sajadieh, in various statements, adjectives and adjective arrogance about blaming the esteem was deemed acceptable, and they have been studied. This study, based on an analytical method - description and use of resources in this context, the semantic difference, in terms of arrogance and self esteem in the Quran and Scriptures of Sajadieh, is discussed. The Quran, like the appearance of self-arrogance, but the dignity and arrogance like the evil arrogance, is a big nose. Between self-arrogance and humiliation, is located. Imam Sajjad (AS), the Scriptures, the Lord knows the glory and honor of God granting their request, and the request is not God's glory, do not allow. One barrier to achieving their self-esteem, arrogance knows, and in various ways preventing refer to Arrogance. As well as the dignity of Allah, the Quran, seeking forgiveness are the and It is shown that in the Islamic system, the source of self-formation, by God, not people. Thus, both the source, it was God all the glory, great cause Honorable, and Arrogance bad traits and will cause hardship.

Interpretation of Khajeh Abdollah Ansari, in his valuable work, which so far have not found the complete text. Except to some sources, a portion of its content can not be achieved. The most important work that is part of the debate, have in reserve, Interpretation of revealed secrets and promise of the righteous, Abolfazl Rashidodon Meybodi, mystic and the great interpreter of the late fifth and early sixth centuries. The Quran also stipulates certain propositions, and never doubted that with phrases like (surely brigade) spells, humans, are invited to believe certain propositions in relation to research and emulate the faith, than it was then based on suspicious is not enough to know. Because of all this is that, knowing the certainty of the Quran, feasibility, and the way is open to everyone, although this little path are based on the Quran in many verses addressed to deal with enemies and infidels, while the validity of those arguments, it invites opponents to no argument or evidence to accuse them, undeniable proof read. Some of the arguments are not, and have certain faith discrete arguments, have tried, with persuasive arguments, to find a way to justify their faith. Such as what we have said is that the probability of God's existence, Edited believe it is because people are forced to accept or deny any of it. But the man of God, to deny something does not get along, if any, shall incur a huge loss. Holy Quran in many cases and argued argument as a means of studying certain uses, or that some of the arguments of the adversary, has demanded proof.

Chang et al proposed an integrated inventory model with an order-size-dependent trade credit. However, quality issues were not discussed in their model. It is unrealistic for a production system to produce 100 percent good products. This paper extends Chang et al. model and studies an integrated supplier-retailer inventory model where trade credit and defective items are considered. Therefore, to incorporate the concept of supplier – retailer integration and order-size-dependent trade credit, we present a stylized model to determine the optimal strategy for an integrated supplier -retailer inventory system under the condition of trade credit linked to the order quantity, where the demand rate is considered to be a decreasing function of the retail price. In this paper, we propose an integrated supplier–retailer inventory model in which both supplier and retailer have adopted trade credit policies, and the retailer receives an arriving lot containing some defective items. An attempt is made to characterize the preservation technology for deteriorating items to reduce the deterioration rate. Moreover, we consider the capital investment in quality improvement. The objective of our analysis is to determine the optimal ordering, shipping, and quality improvement policies to maximize joint total profit per unit time. Results have been validated with relevant examples.

Plants have been an important source of medicine for thousands of years. Recently, the world health organization estimated that upto 80% of people still rely mainly on traditional remedies such as herbs for their medicines. In the present study various plant parts of Tridax procumbens were evaluated separately for the presence of primary metabolites. Tridax procumbens Linn belongs to family Asteraceae, and commonly known as Dhaman grass, is a common herb. It is employed as an indigenous medicine for variety of ailments including Jaundice. The plant also has hepatoprotective activity and it is used in Ayurveda in various liver disorders. Phytochemical screening and quantification of primary metabolites in different plant parts i.e leaf and stem (in vivo) as well as its callus (in vitro) quantification revealed the presence of total soluble sugars, proteins, lipids chlorophyll and proline. It showed higher concentration of total soluble sugar, lipid and protein in leaves whereas chlorophyll content and proline was found higher in callus as compared to other parts of plant.

Depression is highly variable in terms of presentation of symptoms and the duration of these symptoms. It is characterised by a loss of positive affect and interest in activities and can be differentiated from depressed or sad mood by being more persistent and intense and by being accompanied with cognitive, behavioural and physiological changes as well as functional and social impairment (NICE, 2004) Some of the symptoms a client with depression may experience are lack of joy (anhedonia), loss of feelings (apathy) a feeling of hopelessness, social withdrawal social withdrawal lowered or heightened appetite, sleeping difficulties, pessimistic or negative thoughts and lowered self-esteem (Megna & Simionescu,2006)psychotic symptoms as such delusions or hallucinations may occur in severely depressed clients. The results gleaned from the study done on 30 depressed young women with the age range of 20-25 years afflicted with depression showed that a combination of pleasant and exuberating practices in proportion to patients and medication therapy (re-absorption inhibitors of serotonin (5 HT) and re-absorption inhibitors of Dopamine (5HT) can be very beneficial to the treatment and control of depression disease. So the test group tended from severe depression to mild depression and the control group tended from severe depression to moderate (mild) depression. Although, medication therapy has some moderate effects of treatment process, it cannot be successful in the treatment and control of depression.

A child with ADHD, (Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder), can derive great benefits from playing checkers during therapy. The therapist can assess the child’s ability to stay seated, wait his turn, pay attention to detail, sustain that attention, as well as how the child reacts to victory or defeat, (getting what they want or not getting what they want). When starting therapy, to talk about what is bothering him or her. The child is in a strange place, meeting with a therapist who is a stranger. The combination of these two factors can be overwhelming and intimidating to a child. Play therapy can be the best method for building rapport with any child. Play therapy can train a child to take what he learns in counseling and use the acquired skills in other areas of life. A game as simple as checkers can accomplish this. The results obtained from a study done on the children of 4-12 years old with ADHD indicated that game therapy method based on concentration-kinesthetic practices which is a combination of puzzle, riddle, story-telling in the form of feeling expression, game lines table design and application of distance reinforcement in these games, along with medication therapy can be helpful to modify and control behavior afflicted with ADHD, and although medication therapy can have less effects on treatment process, it cannot by itself play successful roles in treatment, modification and control of such behavior in this group of children.

Topical drug delivery system is most preferred due to avoidance of first pass metabolism and gastro-intestinal incompatibility. Microemulsion is the most frequently preferred carrier systems for NSAIDs which are used in treatment of arthritis. This new drug delivery approach is jointly aiming at minimizing drug dose, diverting drugs to the target tissue by increased permeation, and enhancing efficacy in patients. In this work, the pseudo-ternary phase diagram were constructed using Tween 80, Ethyl oleate, Propylene glycol and water. Different batches of microemulsions were prepared by phase titration method. The batch which showed maximum in vitro drug release was formulated into gel using various concentration of polymer. EO was used as the oily phase of microemulsion due to powerful solubilization and permeation enhancing effect for Flurbiprofen. 0.75% carbopol 940 was considered as optimum gel matrix. Optimized batch of microemulsion gel was evaluated for pH, spreadability, % Drug content, Droplet size and Polydispersity-Index. The optimized batch was compared with marketed gel (5% gel). The in vitro permeation studies revealed that the prepared microemulsion-gel could be used as a potential carrier for the topical delivery of Flurbiprofen due to its permeation enhancing ability.

Nephrogenic metaplasia is a benign tumor characterized by urothelial tubulo - papillary structures. It is also called nephrogenic adenoma . It is a benin lesion and highly prone to recurrency. We report a case of a bladder nephrogenic metaplasia of a 65 years old patient with hematuria and POLLAKIURIA. Clinical examination was normal . Ultrasonography showed a circumferential thickening bladder , while cystoscopy showed a tumor at the dome and the right side. A transurethral resection of the bladder was performed. Histological study concluded at the existence of nephrogenic metaplasia of the bladder mucosa . The evolution was favorable and postoperative controls, including cystoscopy and intravenous urography (IVU ) at 1, 3 and 6 months were normal.