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The study was carried out selecting a random sample of 120 postgraduate scholars studying in first and second year M.Sc. (Agri.) at B.A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand. The study reveals that a great majority (89.17 per cent) of the postgraduate scholars studying in higher agriculture education had above average level of overall employability. The level of employability was observed significantly higher among those postgraduate scholars, who had better academic performance, highly educated father and mother, higher degree of library exposure and increased level of job preference.

Wireless Sensor Networks have been scattered over many unattainable areas such as glaciers, forest, gas, oil water etc to gather real time sensitive information. These Sensor nodes are capable of gathering a large quantity of data by sensing the area, this consumes a large amount of broadcasting and transmission power and thus reducing the life-spam of batteries running sensor node. Through this paper the researcher investigated relationship between the network coding techniques and the transmission power of WSN. Network coding, in belief, is a Layer 3 invention that enhances the network throughput and performance in wireless networks for multicast or broadcast situations. This Paper basically performs the survey on area the where network coding is applied in WSN to enhance the battery life of the nodes by various researchers. It also analyzes the factors which effects the networks lifetime.

Since long twin functions that have been attributed to literature include entertaining and educating the audience. It was the Roman poet Horace who more than thousand years ago claimed literature to be 'sweet' and 'useful'. Since then it is believed that the primary role of literature is to delight and instruct. However, it is not always that a piece of literature is composed by the artists with that effect in mind. More often than not, it is their way of expressing the innermost thoughts and desires creatively. Thus, we have literature dealing with various values drawn from the diverse spheres of life and society viz. environment, social justice, mysticism and the like. Rabindranath Tagore as a renowned and prolific Indian poet was inspired by the spirituality in oneslf and thus his poetry reflects his love for creation and mysticism. He could equate his love for nature with the love for god and like a true romantic seeks spiritual enlightenment in them. The paper analyses his collection of songs, Gitanjali to explore spirituality in his songs and the way he achieves spiritual gratification by dwelling on the world of the divine.

Natural dyes are biodegradable eco friendly. In the present study an attempt was made to dye silk and cotton with the dyes extracted from the flowers of Delonix regia, Nyctanthes arbortristis, Tagetes erecta and Peltophoram petrocarpum using two different mordant, copper sulphate and potassium dichromate. The fabrics dyed in Nyctanthes have found to be good colour fastness when they subjected to involve in qualitative test.

Supernumerary teeth are one that is additional to the normal series and can be found in any region of dental arch. They duplicate the typical anatomy of posterior and anterior teeth, whereas rudimentary supernumerary teeth are dysmorphic and can presume conical forms, tuberculate form, molariform or odontome. They may be single or multiple, unilateral or bilateral, erupted or unerupted, and one or both jaw. The aim of this report is to present a case of a 13 year old boy with a mesiodens associated with maxillary anterior proclination.

This paper develops and tests the relationship between economic diversification and growth in Euro-Mediterranean countries. The analysis covers the period 1975-2013 in a panel data of 35 Euro-Med countries, and introduces a bootstrapped Granger-causality approach in order to analyze the unidirectional causality, and likely the bidirectional causality between economic diversification and growth. Overall, results provide robust empirical evidence of a positive impact of growth on economic diversification in most of developing countries benefiting from diversifying their economies in contrast to developed countries that perform with more economic specialization.

In this study, the aim is the treatment of phosphogypsum and phosphate sample collected in the senegalese chemical industries and actions of management for the valorization of the phosphogypsum. The treatment of phosphogypsum and phosphate show that naturally impurities are present in the samples and this chemical analysis of the treated of the phosphogypsum established improvement of the quality of it. The values observed of MgO, SO3, P2O5, in the phosphogypsum were 24.811%, 57.054% and 1.763% respectively and 35.166%, 0.741%, 53.225% in the sample phosphate if the device is calibrated with standards type mining. The toxic elements found in our study were Mercury, Lead, Cadmium, and Arsenic if we calibrated by standards of mining type, thier activity is low than limit detection of the device for the gypsum, while in sample phosphate, we find a very low quantity of Arsenic and Cadmium equal to 08,860 ppm and 48,380 ppm respectively, when we calibrated with soil type standards, the concentrations of Mercury, Lead and Cadmium are not detectable, while for Arsenic the value was 09,550 ppm for Phosphogypsum and 03,040 ppm for Phosphate. The major phases Alite (C3S), Belite (C2S), Aluminatetricalcic (C3A), and Tetra-calcium aluminoferrite (C4AF), and control ratios Lime Saturation Factor (LSF), Aluminium/Iron ratio (AR), and Silica ratio (SR) were measured. These experimental results shown that the C3S, C2S, C3A, C4AF, LSF, AR and SR contents fulfilled the requirement of the Jordan Standards and European Standards. The acidity of samples, was an unfavourable parameter for geotechnical and mechanical properties due to the impurities, The data show that the evolution of densities as a function of compaction energies was not analogous to that of sand, mainly because of the fragility of phosphogypsum crystals as the compaction energy increases, the crystals break and the fragments fill the inter-granular voids.

The aim of this paper is to forecast the quantity of potential annual e-waste generation in Bangalore city for the period 2019-2020 based on obsolescence rate method. E-waste comprises of many items but the present study is limited to seven products Personal computer, Printer, Television, Mobile phone, Refrigerator, Air conditioner and Washing machine for quantification and composition of e-waste produced. The average weight of EEE and obsolescence rate of each product was taken as per E-Waste Volume I, Inventory Assessment Manual, and UNEP. The field data were collected through questionnaire-based survey followed up with interviews where the target respondent groups and e-waste categories were predetermined to determine the e-waste flow purchasing pattern, recycling and disposal practices, and to understand the existing measures for e-waste management in Bangalore. There are three main target respondents included in the survey. The three main categories are Households, Offices (business entities and institutions) and Recyclers (Including importers and exporters, manufacturers, collectors, second-hand shops, repair shops, dismantlers, and processors of recyclable materials from used WEEE). It can be observed that the total quantity e-waste generation in each year is increasing on logarithmic scale. However, the composition of e-waste in each year is varying according to the activities in household, office and recyclers sectors. The generation of E-waste among household sector depends on the lifestyle and socio- economic status. With the increase in income there is an increase in the generation rate, but the generation rate if we observe there is a decrease in e-waste quantity due to inflation rate in the products. In business sector, the projection shows that due to advancement in technology, obsolescence rate and increasing urbanization there will be inevitable trend among increase in generation of waste in the commercial sector.

The main objective of this paper focused on field exploratory survey of e-waste generation in Bangalore city. Field data were collected through questionnaire-based survey followed up with interviews where the target respondent groups and e-waste categories were predetermined to determine the e-waste flow purchasing pattern, recycling and disposal practices, and to understand the existing measures for e-waste management in Bangalore. There are three main target respondents included in the survey. The three main categories are Households, Offices (business entities and institutions) and Recyclers (Including importers and exporters, manufacturers, collectors, second-hand shops, repair shops, dismantlers, and processors of recyclable materials from used WEEE). A total of eleven major area of Bangalore city were selected. The basis for the selection of the survey location is based on the population density and also the socioeconomic status of the areas. The average weight of EEE was taken as per E-Waste Volume I, Inventory Assessment Manual, UNEPBased on the survey, it was estimated that the total e-waste generation in bulk quantity from software industry of all scales is 250162.8 kg/annum. Total e-waste generation due to repairs of EEE is 32443 Kg per annum. Total e-waste generated from seven EEE items due to households is 12190.09 Kg per annum. Total e-waste generated due to consumers/users in bulk quantities in hotels and institutes is 9447.12 Kg per annum. Total e-waste generated is 121 Kg from users/ consumers of mobile phones in bulk quantity n organizations. Total e-waste generated from users/consumers in bulk quantity from manufacturing industry of all scales is 20420.7. 8 Kg/annum.

Among the various biomarkers, the histological analysis of different organs may indicate the biological responses to an unfavorable situation, because often the prolongs exposure of the organism to toxic agents does not provoke death directly, but it affects the structure and function of organs of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium kistensis. The experimental prawn treated with lethal concentration (LC50value) 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours and sublethal concentration (1/10th of LC50 of 48 hr) for 7, 14 and 21 days of cuprous oxide shows many histological changes in ovary. Histological observations of ovary following exposure cuprous oxide showed destruction of epithelial layer, degeration of oocytes, disorganization of nucleus, vacuolization at periphery, rupturing of follicular epithelium, shrinkage in ooplasmic material and damage of ovarian structure was observed after exposed to lethal and sublethal concentration.

This research evaluates the effectiveness of the process of the employee performance management and development system at a public hospital in Kwa- Zulu Natal, so as to identify the limitations and recommend appropriate remedial measures. A qualitative research method was used for this study. Respondents were interviewed using a standard set of questions that were compiled in the form of a questionnaire. Using purposive sampling, 15 participants were selected and interviewed from a target population of 1200 employees from the Hospital. Findings from this study indicated that the employee performance management and development system has impacted positively on the overall performance of the Hospital in Kwa-Zulu Natal (KZN), however, it was noted that these benefits are being marred by certain limitations, which include dissatisfaction of employees, lack of genuine commitment, inducement of conflicts, and poor improvements in performance. On this basis, it was recommended that the management of the Hospital should consider using measures that train and develop their evaluators on the key concepts in performance management and development, ensure the defining of appropriate goals and objectives during the planning process, fairness and equity during evaluation and rating of the employees’ performance, communication, the allocation of sufficient funds for accomplishing activities related to performance management and development, and constant review of how evaluators conduct evaluations.

An attempt is made to provide a deconstruction of the theoretical underpinnings of performance management and development within the context of modern public sector organisations. The article provides a discussion on the concept of an employee management and development system (EPMS), as well as the key steps in the employee performance management and development process. The article further discusses the various techniques used in the modern public sector organisations.

Since the 1980s, African economies especially those from the least developed and developing countries were prostrate owing to dwindling fortunes in the international market, and in the process industries closed shop, prices of commodities in international market fell, with much impact on mono-export countries such as Nigeria. The effect was job cuts that led to increased poverty and worsening living conditions of the people. Children were withdrawn from schools, health conditions of people traumatized and the economies plunged into doldrums. African nations extended their ‘begging’ bags to the International Monetary Fund IMF and the World Bank not minding their harsh and stringent conditionalities. Life became unbearable and prompted many people to seek for an improved standard of living outside Africa. In the process these immigrants entered Europe and America etc legally and illegally and sought for asylum in the host nations. The trend is still on today. The paper discovered that people migrated because of worsening human development record as a result of unemployment, poor education, poor functional democracy, lack of access to functional medical facilities, insecurity of lives and property among others. The paper concludes that governments should muster the necessary political will and begin to address the problems –create job opportunities, improve and fund education; put a functional democracy where the rule of law prevails; and above all, provide adequate security for the people and property. The paper used historical analysis as its methodology.

The main purpose of this study was to examine the influence of human resources on the implementation of strategies in commercial banks in Kenya. The focus groups were senior and middle-level managers of commercial banks in Kenya. A mixed research approach, which combined qualitative and quantitative methods, was adopted for this study. Specifically a correlation cross-sectional field data aimed at testing the research hypotheses was used. The researcher used proportionate stratified random sampling technique to obtain a sample of 200 managers. Questionnaires were used to collect data. The organized data from both the qualitative and quantitative sources were entered into the computer application package SPSS after which descriptive and inferential statistics were obtained. Descriptive statistics employed frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations while inferential statistics employed Pearson (product moment) correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis. The study found a statistically significant relationship between human resources and strategy implementation at 0.05 confidence level. The study recommended that commercial banks should continue investing in human resources through strategies like recruitment and selection, training and development, reward management in order to increases chances of strategy implementation success.

Pre-treatment effects on the quality of oven –dried peeled and unpeeled ginger, grown locally form Kadjebi in the Volta Region of Ghana was evaluated by determining proximate and phytochemical content using conventionally accepted methods. The pre-drying treatments under investigation were dipping in 10% citric acid solution, dipping in 10% ascorbic acid solution, dipping in 10% sodium chloride solution and a control. The pre-treatments resulted in varied results in the pH, protein, vitamin C and TTA readings. The vitamin C content of the treated peeled and unpeeled samples, with ascorbic acid scored the highest value of 0.54±0.01mg/100ml for peeled and 0.95±0.01 mg/100ml for unpeeled ginger. No significant difference was observed between the control of both peeled and unpeeled samples with respect to the protein content. However, there were significant differences in the treated peeled and unpeeled ginger samples. Peeled ginger, pre-treated with citric acid recorded the highest protein value of 9.63±0.11%. Unpeeled ginger samples exhibited higher antioxidant components than peeled ginger samples.

Sexual violence is a global problem and also a public health concern (Beidel and Turner, 2007; Gutman, Herman-Giddens and McKinney, 1993), it takes different forms, this includes rape, sexual abuse, harassment or any form of sexual exploitation, child tricking and pornography (United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), 2012). Kenya is faced with a problem of girls’ abuse because of cultural beliefs that supports the act of sexual intercourse with girls as a cure for HIV, this, however leads to unwanted pregnancy, serious mental health, gynaecological complications, high risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. Children experience sexual abuse in their homes, schools, institution, workplace and within their community. Sexual violence towards children is an illegal violation of children's human right. Cases of child sexual abuse have continued to increase for many year which brings a serious focus on establishing the true scope of the problems and a genuine concern for policymakers, and professionals (Finkelhor 1986; Hall and Lloyd, 1993). Considering the legal rights a child has, it is important that any form of abuse should have serious penalties, although, there are laws towards child protection in Kenya, they are not effective. At the same time, ethical principles have supported every human being on how they are being treated in the society which now draws the attention of the government in Kenya and international organisation to support and protect children that were abused. Therefore, this report will major on the sexual abuse experienced by young girls, although young boys are also faced with sexual abuse, but on rare cases. It is written to address the prevalence which results from the cultural beliefs in Kenya; the ethical and legal issues relating to this child sexual abuse will be examined, protocol and recommendation to avoid future occurrence will also be discussed.

Not many studies have so far quantitatively investigated the role of multiple intelligences (MI) in language teaching and almost research has explored the role of MI in listening proficiency. In this study we worked on them too. The purpose of this research study were to investigate whether there was a relationship between each component of multiple intelligences and listening proficiency among Iranian Damavand university students to find those components of multiple intelligences which act as the predictor of listening proficiency among Damavand university students. In so doing, 30 juniors and 20 sophomores took part. Listening test was used for the purpose of homogenization and organization of the participants. After wards, the participants received the multiple intelligence inventory questionnaire then. All necessary instruction were given to the participants and the data were analyzed and coded in spss. Quantitative results indicated that there was no significant correlation between multiple intelligences and listening proficiency in this study.

In the judiciary, ICT can be adopted to enhance efficiency, access, timeliness, transparency and accountability, and helping the judiciaries to provide adequate services (Sturges, 2008; Yen, 2005). The use of information and communication technology (ICT) is considered one of the key strategic elements to significantly improve the administration of justice in a country since the benefits are enjoyed directly by the citizens. The rapid development of technology opens up new opportunities that were unthinkable only a few years ago (Tseng et al 2008). Specific objectives of the study were: To establish the influence of Skills development on implementation of ICT in the Kenyan judiciary, to determine the influence of strategic leadership on implementation of ICT in the Kenyan judiciary, to establish the extent of which organizational technological preparedness affects ICT adoption in Kenyan judiciary. This study used descriptive design. The population included a sample size of 44 members of staff in Mariakani Law Courts. Judicial officers and staff in the court were chosen as the target population since they interact with majority of the technologies and are aware of all the ICT needs in the court system. Data was collected using structured questionnaires, and findings analyzed using SPSS software. The findings of the study showed that there is a positive relationship between ICT skills development, strategic leadership and organization technological preparedness with implementation of ICT at the Judiciary in Kenya

Objective: To determine superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione dismutase (GPX) malondialdehyde (MDA), uric acid, zinc, ascorbic acid, albumin, blood lipids and glycated hemoglobin A1 (HbA1c) in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Study Design: Case control study Place & Duration: Department of Medicine -Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital from December 2014- August 2015. Subjects & Methods: 95 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics and 55 controls selected through non-probability purposive sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. 8-12 hour fasting was ensured for blood samples. BUN, serum creatinine, albumin, bilirubin, uric acid, blood glucose, HbA1c, blood lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, MDA, SOD, GPX, zinc and Ascorbic acid were determined by standard methods. Data was entered in Statistix 8.1. (USA) Continuous and categorical data was analyzed by student’s t test and Chi square test respectively. Microsoft excel was used for graphing. Data was analyzed at 95% confidence interval (p- ? 0.05). Results: Blood pressure, obesity, blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05). VLDL, triglycerides, LDLc were elevated in diabetics, while HDLc was reduced. MDA, SOD, GPX, zinc, ascorbic acid, uric acid and bilirubin showed significant differences (p<0.05). MDA in diabetics and controls was noted as 5.17±0.81 vs. 2.15±0.62 µmol/ml respectively (p=0.0001). SOD, GPX, AA, Zn++, UA, serum albumin and serum bilirubin were decreased in diabetics. Conclusion: The superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), uric acid, bilirubin and zinc were reduced and malondialdehyde (MDA), altered blood lipids and glycated HbA1 were increased in diabetics in present study.

For the efficient design of structure it is necessary to do the exact analysis of the elements. There are several methods of analysis broadly classified into classical and approximate method classical methods give exact solution but has its own constraints like magnitude of structure & specific geometrical dimensions. To overcome this and for rapid processing approximate methods are adopted. One such method is finite element method. Even though the results are said to be approximate but with keen consideration the variance is as good as negligible.The aim of this dissertation work is to find out the factors like shape & size of elements for gaining more accurate analytical result. The work over here is done by considering a plate with various shape & size & comparative results are depicted in the observation tables. It is clear that accuracy in the result can be obtained with refined meshing and considering Triangular shape element.

It is important to make structure safe and secure for inhabitants till its useful life. Being part of construction designing it becomes upmost important to design structure safe and stable. A complete structure consisting of various element like beam, column, foundation as well as slabs one such member slab commonly considered as plate has studied over here for the change in behaviour with respect to thickness. Initially a plate is analyse using classical cosine series expansion method manually, it results is check with computational model analysis so as to find out % error. As the error is in permissible limit so further analysis work is done computationally using STAAD-PRO V8i software for 7 cases with a thickness of 5mm to 250mm of plate. On the basis of analysis related to bending moment, shear stresses, deflections, principal stresses comparative observation tables are prepare. Result shows that in thin plate forces are carried in the form of principal stresses and deflections are high. While in thick plate moment and shear stresses are predominant but deflection is very less. This study shows where to concentrate while designing the plate for practical purpose.

Management practices refer to the strategies, and organizational practices to improve workers effectiveness and performance, with the intended improvement in quality. The paucity in studies on healthcare management practices in developing countries prompted undertaking this study. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore the management practices that influence health workers performance and quality of care within the Dakar-Senegal region and to gain an insight into the phenomenon under study. The theory of performance was used as the underlying lens in this study. The overarching research questions developed in this study, was to understand how healthcare workers describe management practices that affect healthcare worker performance in Senegal, and to explore, how healthcare workers describe management practices that affect the quality of care in Senegal. The focus of this study was on clinicians in various healthcare organizations. The protocol developed in this study included one-on-one interviews and focus groups. The repeated words or phrases from the interview data was used to categorize data into themes. The themes that emerged from the data were: (a) willingness to better communicate and work as team in the workplace, (b) expanding the knowledge and training skills for a positive organization operational, (c) restoring and effective organization structure in promoting learning/growth, increase efficiency, quality, flexibility and performance. These themes clarified how management practices influence healthcare worker performance and quality.

The implications arising from the suddenness of emergence and rapid onset of the COVID-19 on business have been remarkable in disruptions to traditional employment, with the extreme virulence and fear of mortality of the disease. The aim of this qualitative, case study was to explore the strategies by the management of the Middle East (MEA) organizations and discern encountered by company management managers in the proactive adaptations necessary for complying with the healthcare mandates on safe distancing with business sustainability. The target population involved interviews of 5 managers in the MEA, who have provided insight into the strategies in addressing the challenges imposed by the pandemic. The key themes of this study were a) focus on maintaining business sustainability during the tough and debilitating period; b) pay more attention to employees' morale, motivation, and empathy; c) ensure training for employees to cope with innovation and to show prowess. The findings from this study may contribute to emerging knowledge of business adaptations in negotiating the difficult terrain of achieving business sustainability while protecting employees and by default, the community.

Education is bound to be affected if safety and security concerns of students are not addressed fully. With the emergence of the need to present ideas, views and opinions, students usually engage in unruly behavior aimed at seeking attention from the management to listen to them. The objective of the study was to determine how Students discipline affect safety measures in public boarding secondary schools in Trans- Nzoia County, Kenya. The study used descriptive survey research design. The study targeted 40 principals, 754 teachers, 22,562 students and 84 security officers in 40 public boarding secondary schools in Trans-Nzoia County. Simple random sampling and purposive sampling procedure were used to select boarding secondary schools. The total sample was 403 respondents which comprised of 20 principals, 143 teachers, 220 students and 20 security officers. Questionnaires, interview schedule, document analysis, observation checklist and focus groups were used as data collection instruments. Data was analysed using descriptive statistical techniques that were frequencies and percentages. Data was presented in tables and charts. The student indiscipline was a safety threat to other students. The common indiscipline cases were theft, sneaking, drug abuse and fires. Drugs and substance abuse played a major role in influencing indiscipline in secondary schools. This study recommends that teachers under the supervision of the principals should conduct regular impromptu search of the students’ items and the school facilities in order to discover security gaps that need to be sealed in the schools. The students, teachers, security officers and any other stakeholders should be sensitized on the safety rules.

Education is bound to be affected if safety and security concerns of students are not addressed fully. The objective of the study was to determine the role of financial resources in implementation of school safety measures in public boarding secondary schools in Trans- Nzoia County, Kenya. The study used descriptive survey research design. The study targeted 754 teachers from 40 public boarding secondary schools in Trans-Nzoia County. stratification and simple random sampling were used to select boarding secondary schools. The total sample was 143 teachers. Questionnaires were used as data collection instruments. Data was analysed using descriptive statistical techniques that were frequencies and percentages. Data was presented in tables. The study found out the ministry of education had no provisions for allocation of funds to take care of safety needs and requirements in the institutions. It ascertained that the secondary schools have vote heads allocated for the purpose of catering for the safety needs and requirements though in many instances the schools diverted the funds to other needs that they felt were more pressing owing to situation of shortfalls in financing and budgetary deficits. The government through the Ministry of Education should ensure that Standard Safety Guidelines are availed to all schools and the schools be allocated sufficient funds to be able to implement the guidelines. Funds should always be availed at the required times to allow for the provision of infrastructure for safety requirements and the allowing of purchase of tools and implements for safety needs.

This study examined the accessibility and utilization of electronic resources by the staff of Fountain University, Osogbo, Nigeria. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed to the staff of the university out of which 65 (65%) were completed and returned. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection among staff. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). One of the findings of the study was that accessibility of electronic resources among staff in FUO was very low and this affects the use of these electronic resources. This paper discussed the strategies to increase access to subscribed electronic resources in the e-library of Fountain University Library. There is need to increase the internet facilities on campus in order to facilitate the accessibility of electronic resources to staff and the entire library users. The study discovered the factors hindering effective use of the library electronic resources to include irregular internet access culminating in slow downloading process, poor staff attitude to staff and irregular power supply. The study found out that subscription to large bandwidth, deployment of adequate internet signal, aggressive awareness, advocacy, attitudinal change of staff to use of e-resources and research development could enhance access and use of e-resources and databases. The paper recommends regular training of academic staff on how to access and use of university e-library.

Android has the biggest market share among all Smartphone operating system. The number of devices running with the Android operating system has been on the rise. By the end of 2012, it will account for nearly half of the world's Smartphone market. Along with its growth, the importance of security has also risen. Security is one of the main concerns for Smartphone users today. As the power and features of Smartphone’s increase, so has their vulnerability for attacks by viruses etc. Perhaps android is more secured operating system than any other Smartphone operating system today. Android has very few restrictions for developer, increases the security risk for end users. Antivirus Android apps remain one of the most popular types of applications on Android. Some people either like having that extra security or just want to be extra cautious just in case and there is nothing wrong with that. In this list, we’ll check out the best antivirus Android apps and anti-malware apps on Android! The efficiencies of these applications have not been empirically established. This paper analyzes some of the security tools written for the Android platform to gauge their effectiveness at mitigating spyware and malware.

In financial monitoring, instead of direct control of prices and conditions of the insurance company contracts, financial indexes and financial strength of these companies is evaluated. Solvency margin is a tool used by many advanced companies for financial monitoring that represents the excess of assets than liabilities. Or we can say the financial ability of the insurance company to cover its accepted risks. So far, the world's different systems using different methodologies are designed and implemented to evaluate solvency of insurance companies. In this paper, using the criteria identified in the literature, while comparing the insurance industry's financial monitoring system in Iran with other systems - solvency II and the united states RBC- we make recommendations to improve the solvency formula defects of insurance industry in Iran.

One of the main purposes of registration rules, prevent conflict and maintain order transactions, and thus secure immovable property transactions, it is valid to know the real transactions, and in order to achieve the mentioned goals, transactions above without adjustment official document, prestige and security of the above, will prevent. The purpose of registration laws and regulations, the ability to create order and security transactions. If transactions do not have the necessary security, and dealers can not freely to any who wish to, to actually make real estate transactions, so it seems, one of the main goals of the registration regulation, establish order and security of property transactions, block trades opposition is immovable property, and in this regard, to fix the problem, transactions must be done by adjusting the official document, both parties to the transaction, the transaction will proceed with confidence, and the transactions are in conflict prevention. In the present study will attempt to do the problems immovable property transactions, a common document to be examined, and strategies, and solutions are also reviewed and proposed.

The present study determined serum selenium, blood glucose, Glycosylated HbA1, and blood lipoprotein in diagnosed cases of type 2 Diabetes mellitus subjects (T2DM). Place and Duration: Department of Medicine, Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro/Hyderabad from January 2015 to February 2016. Subject & Methods: A sample of 350 T2DM was selected through non probability purposive sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood glucose, HbA1c, serum triglycerides (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), VLDL, LDLc, and HDLc were estimated. Serum selenium was measured by atomic absorption technique. The Data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 (USA) using appropriate statistical tests at 95% confidence interval. Results: Serum selenium deficiency was observed in 229 (65.4%) of cases. Serum selenium in normal (?70µg/L) and deficient (<70µg/L) was noted as 97.7± 1.29 and 63.9± 4.7 µg/L respectively (p=0.0001). Serum selenium showed negative correlation with TAG, TC, LDLc, VLDL, blood glucose and glycosylated HbA1. Conclusion: The present study reports serum selenium deficiency in majority of type 2 diabetics. Serum selenium showed negative correlation with TAG, TC, LDLc, VLDL, blood glucose and Glycosylated HbA1. Key words: Type 2 DM Serum selenium Glycemic control Dyslipidemia

Early childhood education is the basis upon which all levels of education are anchored and therefore effective financial management systems are required to maximize the efficient use of resources, create the highest level of transparency and accountability to ensure long-term economic success. The aim of this study was to assess the Effects of Control Strategies on Efficacy in The Administration of Finances in Public Early childhood development Education Centres In Uasin-Gishu County, Kenya. This study adopted a descriptive survey research design using pragmatist paradigm. The sample size was based on a sample size determination formula by Krejcie and Morgan. Schools were stratified to their quotas. Furthermore,224 ECDE teachers,55 headteachers, 55 SMC chairpersons, 1 QASO,1 County chief education officer and 1 County auditor were sampled using stratified, simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. The instruments for data collection were interviews and questionnaires and were piloted in Nandi County that share similar characteristic as the study area. Cronbach Alpha coefficient was used to test the reliability of the instruments. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as measures of central tendencies (frequencies, percentages, and means) and inferential statistics such as Pearson Correlation Coefficient and regresioin analysis. This study found out that there was no budget preparation in pre-schools based on schools’ vision. It found a significant correlation between planning strategies and financial management efficacies. The study recommends that there is need for ECDE management committee to: plan for resources early enough before spending to curb waste, strategic mechanisms be put in place to lobby for financial support of ECDE programmes from different stakeholders. It is hoped that the findings will be of great significance to policy makers on understanding the best strategies which if implemented will promote efficacies in the administration of ECDE funds.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of altering the distance between the light source and the surface of the restorative material (DLR) on the depth of composite cure with a range of low to high light intensity with different types of light cure units. This in vitro study compared the depth of cure obtained with five quartz tungsten halogen and light-emitting diode curing units at different exposure times and light tip-resin composite distances. Resin composite specimens (Tetric Ceram, A3; diameter 4 mm, height 6 mm) were exposed from 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5- mm distance. The depth of cure determined using the scrape test ISO 4049. Light intensity was also measured at each separation distance for each light. The depth of cure was generally found to decrease as the separation distance increased for all lights at the various cure times. the effect of increasing the separation distance was less than anticipated. The depth of cure was also related to the light output. Depth of composite cure was directly related to intensity and duration of light exposure and inversely related to distance of the light source from the surface for halogen and plasma lights. However, the effect of increasing the separation distance up to 15 mm was less than expected. Altering the separation distance in order to modify the polymerisation characteristics is unlikely to be effective.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to discuss that whether a major portion of the monthly budget of each household is spent on FMCG products. With more than 6, 38,588 villages and more than 72.2% of the population, rural India has become a massive consumer goods market. Further the purpose of this study is to examine the brand awareness in rural area and to study the interest of consumers in branded products of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). Design/methodology/approach: The paper draws from a research study comprising qualitative methods as well as case study analyses. The central aspect of the approach to this topic is that it is a bottom?up perspective grounded in understanding rural markets. The theoretical scope of the paper includes brand awareness, FMCG products and consumer preferences in impoverished environment of rural markets. Findings: The authors' key finding is that FMCG has emerged as a major product category in rural consumption. Companies marketing FMCG to rural consumers cannot merely extend their general marketing strategies to rural markets. Instead, they need to devise rural specific strategies. The brand awareness is showing increasing tendency everywhere and Baroda Region of Gujarat State is not an exception to it. Research limitations/implications: This research has implications for theoretical and empirical advancement in the areas of structuring marketing activities in rural areas. Practical implications: This research has implications for several aspects of rural marketing strategy. To examine the validity of this general statement that is being discussed day in and day out by the researcher, market managers, producers, consumers, advertisers, etc. Originality/value: This paper suggests that brand awareness and spending power are inextricably linked in subsistence contexts with important implications for rural marketing. Research Paper on brand awareness in rural area of Fast Moving Consumer Goods in Baroda Region of Gujarat State is taken up.

In recent years, we have witnessed a dramatic popularity of online social networking services, in which millions of people publicly communicate for a kind of mutual friendship relations. Social network research is one of the fastest growing academic areas as it is continuously expanding within our society. One key element of this field of research is social network visualization, which refers to the use of sociogram / illustrative diagrams of the joins that connect various actors in social networks. Visualization of social networks has a rich history, particularly within the social science since at least the 1930s. The use of graphical representations is one of the main defining properties of social networks. Researchers make use of pictorial images of social networks in order to communicate and understand the content and patterns within social networks. However, visual diagrams of social networks often suffer from a range of problems, the most common of which being the high density of edges and complex structures in large networks, providing sociograms that often appear as unclear set of nodes and edges. In this paper, we have made every possible effort to remove the fear from mind of people that understanding networks is a difficult process as it is difficult to visualize, navigate, and find patterns in networks. For this, we begin by defining what constitutes a social network site and then present our introduction of basic concepts of social networks, social network sites and then discussed about visualization needs and problems, benefits of using data visualization, implementations of visualization available over time.

Water is the essential element in creating and sustaining conditions for human life Cell of the organism, and the medium in which we live. Water is one of the most important natural elements in our cart Ground is the secret of life, and is one of the most important components of living matter. Water accounts for 63% of the human body weight (Average) and human muscles contain about 83% of it. The human body needs about 5.2 liters Daily of water, and gets this amount of food and drink. Water plays a key role in the chemical processes in the body, and rid of waste, and contributes to the regulation of body temperature process Sweating. Due to the importance of drinking water in the preservation of life on the one hand, water is exposed to pollution by Many pollutants, including microorganisms, minerals, organic substances and radioactive materials, on the other hand Which called for the issuance of standards for the acceptance of drinking water, whether global or local standards. The focus will be on this study on the radiological side [1]. Although Kuwait does not have natural drinking water resources such as wells or rivers, most bottled water companies are directed to seawater in desalination, or resort to drill coastal beach wells. The coastal beach wells, are wells drilled near the coast of sea at depths of up to 50 meters, and are extracted from it salty sea water, but it is free of pollutants and impurities, or can be taken directly from the sea and thus work is a comprehensive desalination of water and adding Minerals such as magnesium and calcium, in addition to ensuring that it is free of any bacteria or viruses and detect its radioactive contamination or ensure that the concentration of natural radionuclides are not exceeded the international limit in this drinking water, after that water treatment and the addition of ozone gas for sterilization, then the final stage is manufacturing conservation bottles and bottling water in different sizes and processing for sale to the consumers. In this study, the concentration of radon gas in different samples of bottled mineral drinking water companies was measured in State of Kuwait. Concentration of (222Rn) in Bottled Mineral drinking water varies from 1.02 Bq/L to 6.05 Bq/L with the average value of 2.97±1.44 Bq/L. From these results it can be concluded that the majority of drinking water is safe to use from the stand point of concentration of radon in them. Mean values of effective dose per liter and annual effective dose from radon ingested with drinking water for an individual consumer are 29.72 nSv/L and 21.69 ?Sv/y, respectively. So, the level of Radon concentration in Kuwaiti bottled mineral drinking water is below the permissible limits for health purposes to drink.

For efficient heating with lesser fuel consumption and a quick way of heating, oxyfuel has been clearly shown to produce very low emissions of CO2 and NOX as compared to air-fuel for 15 years. Among oxyfuels, flameless oxyfuels can be even more economical and technically superior for higher production rates, excellent uniform heating and very low NOX emissions. In the present study, our casting centres have accommodated a number of reheating furnaces along with preheating stands working on flameless oxyfuel to 1 tonne capacity of smallest size ladles. Flameless oxyfuel has improved to a greater uniformity in heat distribution and decreased fuel consumption approximately by 30-65% compared to air-fuel mixture. It also falls to low NOX emission during high levels of ingress air, which is essential for economical use. In this work it lowered scaling losses, refractory wear during reheating and ladle preheating respectively by improving the steel quality to be produced during casting. It is also seen that for low calorific value (below 7-7.5 MJ/Nm3) gases such as top gas released from the furnace, use of oxyfuel combustion is an absolute requirement. With the advances in today’s technology, combining air-fuel and flameless oxyfuel can create semi-flameless combustion without replacing the air-fuel burners. The paper highlights the working of flameless oxyfuel and its application and also presents the results that have been achieved in controlling pollution and consumption.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between students’ self-efficacy and anxiety while conducting research. The population of this study was postgraduate research students in Women University, Bagh, Pakistan. A sample of 100 students was selected using random sampling technique. A questionnaire was developed to take the data from sample of the study. The validity and reliability were estimated based on opinions of a panel of experts and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, respectively. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation. Results revealed that the respondents had a moderate level of research anxiety and high level of research self-efficacy. Overall, Women University students tend that there was a positive significant relationship between self-efficacy and self anxiety while conducting research.

In-service teacher professional development includes a wide variety of programs designed to promote and support the professional learning of teachers who are already employed and working in classrooms. The goal of in-service professional development is to improve the knowledge, skills, and commitments of teachers so that they are more effective in planning lessons, teaching, assessing students’ learning, and undertaking other responsibilities in the school community. Achieving this goal is critical because the teacher’s role is one of the most important factors contributing to high-quality education and successful student learning.

This paper presents the preparation and characterization of a series of (PEO+PVP) composites with different ratios of NaF salt. New Na+ ion conducting polymer blend electrolyte films based on semicrystalline polymer poly (ethylene oxide) PEO and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) PVP complexed with NaF salt were prepared using the solution-cast technique. The features of the complexation and structure of the electrolytes were studied by X- ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR techniques. Frequency dependent conductivity were obtained from complex impedence (cole-cole) plots. It was observed that the magnitude of conductivity increased with increasing temperature and followed Arrhenius behavior throughout with three regions having different activation energies. The activation energy values were found to decrease with increasing concentration of NaF.

This study illustrates the importance of Critical Discourse Analysis in revealing the latent ideologies and power struggle. It contains a theoretical description of Critical Discourse Analysis, a framework for the analysis of Human Rights Watch discourse on the Palestinian-Israeli issue that is published in its Annual Report 2013; a discussion of discursive practices; and a consideration of the selected framework in the analysis of the generic mixture. In fact, the application of Halliday & Matthiessen’s 2014 Systemic Functional Linguistics approach shows the representation of the case from a material and relational perspectives. Three major types of participants predominate; namely, actors, carriers, and goals. The application of Fairclough’s 1992 Interdiscursivity approach uncovers hybridity, materialization and selectivity procedures in the description of human rights in the Palestinian and Israeli case.

This paper focuses on the experimentally investigating the impact of ambient temperature on the discharging efficiency of the battery of a sensor node of the wireless sensor network (WSN). Experimental results have shown 5.137% improvement of battery lifetime at 15oC when the sampling interval is 0.2 seconds with data compression, but the improvement is 16.679% when the sensor node is operated at the optimum sampling interval of 0.62 seconds with data compression. However, the maximum improvement in the battery lifetime is recorded when the sensor field temperature is 35o C with optimum sampling interval.

Religious institutions in India are too rich in terms of their income through donations and treasures. But this wealth of the country is kept confined to the institutions itself. This paper explains the current scenario of Indian religious institutions by carrying out an empirical as well as the descriptive research on the topic. It will focus on the need of the hour for using these funds for the social upliftment and development. It will also emphasize whether nationalisation of these institutions is required or not. This paper also analyses that if the religious institutions are already under State control, then there should be a transparent mechanism in which all the funds collected through religious institutions are utilized. And it will also study that the funds need to be circulated in the economy for the boom of the economy. It has also emphasized on some international systems where taxes has been imposed upon the religious institutions for the development of the country and the institutions itself. Lastly, we would be discussing whether there is a need for imposing Aastha Tax in India. And what should be the nature of such taxes (if imposed) and their advantages and disadvantages as well.

In this Research paper an attempt has been made to study and determine the position of Middle class of the country in the current taxation system prevailing in the country. Taxation system in India is undergoing revolutionary changes. Tax holds paramount significance in the economy and in the welfare of the country. Tax is an important source of revenue to the government. Every taxpayer is liable to pay a compulsory charge known as tax. The present paper focuses on the tax burden on the middle Income group person especially salaried class. It is a well-known notion that the middle income group mostly consist of salaried class personals who gets a fixed income in their current account so “they have to pay tax” if they are incurring taxable income. Lower class group is mostly exempted from tax liability whereas higher income group especially business class fills low return. The study also reflects tax effect on individual, salaried income personal and on GDP of the country.

As the number of elderly is rising and the social environment is changing, the percentage of the needy among them is also increasing. These factors are also leading to the need for a large number of old-age homes where the elderly may enjoy the end part of their lives in a group of their specific. The effect of the above causes may be observed in the living arrangements of old age Indians. With the evolution of the rural population, the area of arable land is lessening to meet the increased plea for housing, leading to incremental and disguised unemployment. As a result, the rural commonalities are forced to voyage to the urban areas in search of a livelihood. According to the framework of economic development developed by Arthur Lewis, the movement of labour from the “traditional sector” involving agriculture and allied areas that produce traditional outputs for all societies, to the “modern sector” (industrial area, which produces manufactured items) is placed on the centre stage. The traditional sector may be assumed to supply an unconstrained number of labourers, but the absorption of the same critically depends on the supply of capital to the modern sector. The level of savings and investment funds are the determinants of the growth of the modem sector and, hence, the generation of employment as well as the process of urbanization. This paper deals with the issues of aged people in India.

Fruits and vegetables are high value commercial crops grown in an area of about 16.19 million hectares with a production of 243.47 million tones in India in 2012-13. Over the years (2001-02 to 2013-14), there is an increase in area, production and productivity of fruits with compound growth rate of 5.71, 6.31 and 1.08 percent respectively. In addition, there is an increase in area, production as well as productivity of vegetables with compound growth rate of 3.99, 6.20 and 2.13 percent respectively. Seasonal variability in fruits and vegetables has shown inverse relationship between arrivals and prices. At the time of harvesting, there is glut in market that adversely affects the prices because of which seasonal indices for arrivals are maximum and corresponding prices are relatively low. Pre-harvest losses occur due to attack of insect- pest, rodents, birds and infestation of weeds and diseases. Post harvest losses for fruits and vegetables occur in different stages of marketing viz. picking/ plucking, assembling, grading, packing, storage, loading/ unloading, transport etc. In India, the scientific storage capacity is only 30 percent of the required capacity. Cold storage facility is available for only 10 percent of fruits and vegetables. Only 2-3 per cent of the produce is processed in India. Due to lack of proper handling (cleaning, sorting, grading and packaging) facilities at the village level with about 30 percent of fruits and vegetables and 10 percent of spices are lost before reaching the market. There is a wide scope of increase in processing capacity for fruit and vegetable industry.

This paper presents a novel approach to the design and implementation of CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Devices) based DAS (Data Acquisition System) for varies application. This technique performs the acquisition of physical signal, conversion of analog signal to digital signal and storing of the information. The core heart of the proposed system is CPLD, which allows individual modules on a chip to work independently from each other which is configured and programmed to acquire real time data. The data for the process is acquired using suitable temperature and gas sensors. Signal conditioners are designed for each sensor and are tested in real time. The ADC0808 (analog to digital converter) is adopted for this system, which is a high speed monolithic CMOS device with an 8-bit, 8-channel analog-to-digital converter using successive approximation as the conversion technique. Cool Runner-II CPLD by Xilinx is used as the main controller from which all modules are implemented in VHDL using Xilinx ISE Design Suite9.2 and simulated using Isim.

The main purpose of this paper explore a method for determining the radial cutting forces during drilling and power spent on cutting, analytical way. Inspect and acquire the skills to work with reference books.which improved the tools efficiency .where not balanced radial components of the cutting forces ?fy, was found to specified the analytical dependences components of cutting forces. Calculations show that the vibrations of unbalanced force ?fy commensurate with magnitude fy radial component of the cutting force, and sometimes exceed this force.

The study is conducted mainly to find out the methods and effectiveness of training practices of select Information Technology companies in Chennai.This is mainly to assess the present status of the employee’s effectiveness in discharging the roles and responsibilities in tune with the objectives of the Information Technology Companies.

This paper focuses the research deliberations of the Vikram Seth’s novels, A Suitable Boy, An Equal Music and The Golden Gate operating within the frame work of an imaginary, traditional society. Vikram Seth’s protagonists who are mostly men and women from urban middle class reflect that they are conscious of their predicament as individuals in the society. In view of all this, Vikram Seth the writer, if certainly not 'one thing', still more 'some things' than others? A tentative answer is that Seth's perspective is increasingly that of a globalized Indian, viewing the modern world through a prism that may be multicolored but is, ultimately, made in Asia. His first book, the tale of an Indian in China, today seems uncannily predictive of current geopolitical and economic trends, with the twin ascent of India and China now a key theme of the emerging century. By now, he clearly feels entitled to interpret the West, to both Western and Eastern readers, with a confidence and authority that betoken an Asia and an India that no longer consider themselves subordinate.