Sustainable Architecture

In this study, identification of value on the basis of packaging design for products of Olmuksa International Paper Sabanci is explained. First, packaging and related concepts are introduced, then how a corrugated packaging manufacturer conceptualizes cost reduction is also explored. Finally, corrugated cardboard package design examples parallel to this conceptualization are provided. The authors conclude that cost reductions may be realized for companies that both produce and consume packaging.

Ignoring sustainable basis of Iran's traditional architecture and different factors which affect it caused many parts of the forgotten structures to be destroyed. Although all the phylosephical and religious elements which are water, air, light, and soil have been used in the best way in the traditional architecture of Iran's city, aerodynamics and hydrolics from wind and water were the most employed useful energies, which were very efficiently used in the windmills and watermills, in Iran' traditional architecture. The type of materials, structural techniques, and elements, which were used to keep these structures firm, were of high quality to sustain in the environment and they could adapt the man-made structures to the beautiful environment, in comparison with the existing materials. In addition, they could preserve the environment goodness. Windmills, which were built to benefit from 120-day winds of Sistan Province, are of the best examples of using natural powers. Some of the Iran's windmills are as old as 2800 years. Also, some historians consider the watermills to be around 1700 years old. The watermills can only be found in a limited number of areas, as their rotation require powerful and continuous flow of a river like Dez River. The method of the current research is of descriptive-analytical type. Data gathering was done in libraryand fieldwork methods. Following the study of the history of different windmills and Dezfoul watermills, we investigated the quotations from tourists, the books which have been remained from that time, and the belief of indigenous people to find the place, application, and the architecture of these wind and water mills. At the end, we concluded that the recognition of such examples of architecture can be a guide to build a comfortable environment, which is in harmony with the existing global organization. Thus, the values of traditional architecture and the traditions of environmental values of Iran's architecture have the potentiality to make an efficient use of energy and to reap reward from the ecological powers, specifically sustainable and harmless energy. For this reason, some examples of windmills and watermills were studied and their architectures were invesitigated. To preserve such precious historic remnants can be a center for attracting tourism and can bethe signs of cultural, articstics, and historical progress of a nation, which express its creativity and adaptability to nature in an excellent way.

According to the country's needs in the tourism industry is trying to design a residential plan, in addition to tourism potential of this city.this city can satisfy a small part of the country's needs in this industry. In order to achieve these goals, the first it answers a series of questions in this area,What is for selecting site to build this collection site ? Can would we effective with the introduction of Marvdasht city in promoting the tourism potential of the city? Due to the increasing tourism demand and has a low cost, high income and health of the industry, to create a set tourist accommodations convenient to accommodate visitors with the history of the city is essential tourist attractions and values Because of better understanding the history of this area. The method in this article involves two basic steps. In the first in discriptive stage cross-based tools libraries and the Internet to check the location of Marvdasht city , and in the second phase of data collection for field studies in which to select the desired site, such as the position of the earth, the aesthetics, natural factors in site and their analysis is performed. The result is that by making this collection a major step in the development of tourist facilities and accommodation services to the region will has done.

Geometric patterns of Islamic architecture in the world, is one of the most controversial issues. So that in this article has been many discussions on this topic in the mystical concepts and Quranic Islam in Iranian mosque decorations and geometry. This article reviews and seeks different ways and appropriate words to prove that claim to have Islamic geometric concepts different meanings latent deals. This study is based on a library research method then used field-based surveys, it has been chosen to study a number of mosques, Then with library research and collect data to gather multiple photos and finally analyzed using analytical -discriptive method. The study is based on the assumption that decorations of this eras used the concepts and mystical meanings. There are also two types of Chinese knot ornaments and Mogharnas that specifically investigated in which Mogharnas in different periods of art used different doctrine that has been led to deform in it.

This study has examined the effects of architectural anatomy of opera hall on improving the quality of place identity. By measuring the effects of place identity on the inner aspects of human which are influenced by the physical and social environments it has investigated the results of a balance between internal and external environment. To assess the anatomical effects of urban landscape, two components of subjective landscape including perception and diversity and the component of objective landscape including form and order have been measured. The current survey is descriptive and the statistical population has been Shiraz which is a city in Iran. To analyze the data the SPSS software has been used. The results have been investigated in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics. In the inferential statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient has been used to evaluate the research hypotheses. The results of this study indicate that between the dimensions of landscape, the component of subjective landscape has the highest empact on the place identity and in the second place, objective landscape has the empact on the place identity. Anatomical effects have an important role on improving the quality of place identity of Shiraz citizens and in order to enhance the place identity in the urban landscape it is also required that they will be inspired and operated.

Many years ago, a necessity in human daily life made him to cogitate about the possible ways to take advantage of nature and invent an important tool. At that time, the first and most crucial need of human was to make bread to eat. To make bread, they needed to crush the wheat into powder. To achieve this end, the hard-working people of Khuzestan Province tried to use hydropower by building mill and operating it. Near Dez River in Dezful city, there is an old and ruined installation, namely watermill, which is thought to date back to 1700 years ago to Sasanid Dynasty. It is obvious that these watermills were operative throughout the centuries. Watermills can be found in a limited number of areas in Iran, as the rotation of the wheels of this type of mill requires powerful and continuous hydropower. Dez River in Dezful city has all the necessary requisites. This very powerful river made the people of the city, from which the river passes, to benefit from the water power. In the past, the watermills operated with the water power of the river and transfer of this power into the reservoirs. In this way, the river flow was accelerated, which caused the rotation of the mill wheels and millstone and, as a result, crushing the wheat. With the invention of machine, the mills were neglected. Nowadays, only ruined buildings of these mills have remained, which are the reminder of the age of prosperity and fertility. The method of the current research is of descriptive-analytical type. Data gathering was done in library and fieldwork methods. Following the study of the history of Dezful watermills, we investigated the quotations from tourists, the books which have been remained from that time, and the belief of indigenous people to find the place, application, and the architecture of these windmills. At the end, we conclude that these mills are the indicators of the creativity and initiation of our ancestors and updated technology of that time. That is, they were aware of the hydraulics and the capacity and behavior of water to fulfill their daily and physical demands. This fact made the design of these mills sustainable and noble during the centuries. They can be a model for human to build a comfortable environment to live. In this way, such examples of architecture, being recognized as windmill, in Dezful have become the focus of attention during the recent years.

Although modernhuman believes that beliefs and thoughts of the early human based on which their life spent and related they their life to these beliefs are superstitions and the result of lack of awareness, knowledge and culture, in unconscious mind, these symbols are connected to his/her basic beliefs. In this way, today, there are reliefs in all cultures by which human dealt throughout the history and they had specific meaning in each era and beliefs of early humans evolved as symbols in the life of modern human and they change in accordance with the culture and thought of each era. With a quick look to historical, literal and artistic works, we find out that the figures of lion have important position in decorative arts of Iran either before or after Islamin various periods of Iranian culture. Concepts in astronomy and religious concepts of ancient and Islamic Iran are reflected in literature of Iran which are mixed with the roots of Persian poetry including works of Rumi, Hafez and Ferdowsi and or as an important symbol in illustration of great Shahnamehs of Iranian artistic eras such as Safavid age which is the golden age of Iranian art. This symbol is the most ignored symbols which remained unknown in our era despite of its historical greatness and archaism and is neglected. Iranian lion symbol to which sun is added historically, is registered in United Nations as one of the three medical symbol along with red crescent and red cross. Today, it is stated that this symbol is being replaced by red star o Israel. The aim of this work is to recognize and extract this symbol in Iranian thought before and after Islam. Each art in which an artwork is created must have an inextricable tie with culture and thought. Iranian artist must investigate this cultural background and utilize its concepts and values for culture- creation in his/ her artworks. The method of data collection in this research is through studying documents available in libraries and investigation of the symbol of lion using observation and library methods. In this way, various references are used and the type of research is historical, descriptive and analytical.

Studying feelings and emotions that people develop towards places is getting increased attention, while the concept of place attachment lies at the heart of these studies. This concept is sited within the realm of environmental meaning and association. Place attachment usually is described as a connection that occurs between people and their meaningful settings. This paper will review and analyze the existing seminal literature in place attachment as one of the prevailing concepts among place-based researches. Considering dimensions of place attachment has always been beneficial for investigating the factors that influence people-place relationships. Therefore, in this paper first the concept of place attachment and its characteristics will be examined afterward the psychological dimensions of place attachment will be reviewed and finally methods to measure Place attachment will be described.

Architecture begins with the definition of the project and a wish. In the first step we aim to create an embryo for the generation of the work. Like any chaotic system, architecture must gather vital information from the environment in which it intends to grow through negative feedback in order to survive, and with adaptability and flexibility, start to grow like a small bud while remaining flexible. So, in order to prepare the conditions of creation, we need to properly know the context. In addition, architecture is the child of its ground and is responsible elevate the soul of the location and promote it. Flexibility against the environment can guarantee the uniqueness of the design because the environmental conditions are never the same, therefore the work based on it would be non-repetitive. A designer who attempts to create independent form with no regard to the climate, topography and cultural context cannot benefit from this advantage. Studying and analyzing the setting information of the project is the most important stage of designing which, in a perfect design process, equals the time of the execution of the work.

The outline of the determined boundary of the Iranian snowflake was formed in the previous chapter. Now, another quadrangle rotation around whose axis perfects the main context of the architecture is introduced: the fancy of the work. The mind of the architect is required to have an imagination based on the subject of the design in regards to the users to create the initial embryo in the scope of the first stage’s conditions to create the entire work. This is the most sensitive part of the designing and leads to the fundamental difference in the works of designers because as we mentioned, chaotic systems are extremely sensitive to initial conditions and any slight difference in initial conditions of the formation of the system can lead to fundamental transformations in the final product. This stage is the stage of patterning or creation of fancy. The term fancy is chosen to define the mental pattern founding the design because it simultaneously covers cogitation, concept, imagination and fantasy.