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This is a humble attempt to conduct literature review on Fundamental and Technical Analysis.Fundamental analysis is used in stock selection for equity portfolio management. To find out the intrinsic value on the basis of fundamentals and compares value with the current market price to determine if the security is under priced or overpriced fundamental analysis is done. Technical analysis, which comes in the form of different charts so also known as “charting,” has been a part of financial studies for many decades. Initial Technical analysis has not received the same level of acceptance as fundamental analysis.One of the greatest challenge between academic finance and industry practice is the separation that exists between technical analysts and their academic critics. Investors would like to categorize the stocks into value and growth. Value investors invest for the stocks that are trading at less than their apparent worth, but on the other hand growth investors focus on the future potential of the firm and buy companies that are trading higher than their current intrinsic worth with the belief that the companies’ intrinsic worth will grow and go beyond their current valuation. Keyword: Stocks, Fundamental Analysis, Technical Analysis

Introduction Bilateral asymmetric traumatic hip dislocation is a rare orthopaedic condition. Only few cases are reported in the literature. Most of the bilateral hip dislocations are posterior dislocation. In few numbers it is a combination of both anterior and posterior dislocation. We report such a case of asymmetric traumatic bilateral hip dislocation in an adult of 30 years of age. Case Report A 30 year adult male was presented to our casualty following road traffic accident with complaints of severe pain in the hips with deformity and inability to move. The right hip was abducted and externally rotated and the left hip was adducted, flexed and internally rotated. Clinically the right hip was dislocated anteriorly while the left hip was dislocated posteriorly. The clinical findings were confirmed by X-ray of the pelvis with hips. Reduced under general anaesthesia within four hours, both the hip showed concentric reduction. Conclusion Bilateral asymmetric dislocation of the hip, though a rare condition may present because of increase in number of road traffic accidents. Early diagnosis and reduction of the dislocated joint is the key to regain a normal hip joint and to prevent avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Key Words: Hip dislocation; asymmetric; bilateral; adult; avascular necrosis

In this paper, the North east corner [ NEM ] procedure is successfully coded and tested via many randomly generated problem instances . Based on the results we can conclude that the correctness of the newly coded NEM is promising as compared with the previously coded one. We Select very big problem of Transportation problem using Object oriented programming in Java and develop a NEM in Java Flowchart, Algorithm, program.In this paper submitted in screen short.

Given a collection of cities and the cost of travel between each pair of them, the traveling salesman problem, or TSP for short, is to find the cheapest way of visiting all of the cities and returning to your starting point. In the standard version we study, the travel costs are symmetric in the sense that traveling from city X to city Y costs just as much as traveling from Y to X. The Traveling Salesman Problem is typical of a large class of "hard" optimization problems that have intrigued mathematicians and computer scientists for years. Most important, it has applications in science and engineering I attempt to apply simulated annealing to find (Sub-Optimal) solutions to TSP with 100-200 cities randomly. The performance by changing the parameter values and try to understand how fast and effective simulated annealing algorithm can generate a solution to TSP problem.

Job rotation is a movement of employees from one job to another within the same organization and eventually returning to the original position. Job rotation enables employees to gain additional skills, knowledge and insight about the organization, this in turn helps the organization to fill future vacancies within the organization and reduce turnover. The study accessed the impact of job rotation on organizational performance at Unilever Ghana Limited using Tema branch as a case study. Both primary and secondary data were sourced for the study. The data collected were analyzed qualitatively using descriptive analysis like charts and tables. The major findings of the study were that Unilever Company Limited, Tema has a policy on job rotation and it’s been practiced. The practice of Job rotation in the Company had a moderate effect in helping the company’s performance. The recommendations are that, maximum productivity can be attained when employees are adequately and properly trained and motivated and management should handle issues by identifying and correcting errors, irregularities, personal collusion, safeguarding assets and maintaining a sustainable internal control system by implementing its policy on job rotation system.

1. Abstract “Banks are in the business of managing risk, not avoiding it………” Risk is an unpredictable approach which every business or organization need to go through. To understand the financial behavior one first need to understand what is Risk and its effect on private banking. Considering, the present era, increasing competition, has made risk management an important element for the banking industry. Financial institutions should take charge of risk in order to manage efficiently. Risk management is a method to arrange ,lead ,sort out,and manage the broad mixture of danger to adjust into the structure of organizational routine work long termly and short termly. As risk management, different banks adopt different risk management system, they bifurcate risk into Credit risk, Market risk and so on . The aim of the study is to analyze that whether private banks are satisfied with their risk management system, as every bank carries a risk management approach. Current paper also, talks about the risk and its effect on Private Banks. It includes its types and process of risk management. Paper includes a survey (Questionnaire) filled by 5 private banks which is further analysis through F-Test and ANOVA. Key words: Risk management, Private Banks, Credit Risk, Satisfaction

The French Enlightenment of 18th century was the spiritual successor of Descartes’ rationalism and English empiricism. It gave the main inspiration to the radical political and cultural changes in whole Europe. Descartes himself escaped to draw possible logical consequences from his philosophical method in the field of moral and politics. But subsequent development of suggested method of critical inquiry soon raised suspicion not only to the existing scientific knowledge, but also to all forms of social beliefs and institutions. Very soon the critical reasoning spread over the European continent influencing all people who considered themselves progressive and modern. Different kind of followers united the idea of Reason and the power of new knowledge.

Autoimmune pancreatitis is a rare form of chronic pancreatitis. There are two diffuse and focal forms that mimic the appearance of a pseudo-mass or pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which the differential diagnosis may be difficult, The classic CT scan appearance of AIP is that of diffuse hypertrophy of the sausage shaped pancreas and a pathognomonic hypodense peripheral ring with a delayed contrast enhancement, Focal pancreatic involvement is often seen in the head of the pancreas and appears in the form of a mass mimicking pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

The cervical cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in the world, its incidence is greatly reduced thanks to screening methods. The Pelvic organ prolapse increases with age, obesity, and parity. The Cervical cancer complicating uterine procidence is a rare event and requires a multidisciplinary approach

Contrary to the primitive forms of the infant Acute intestinal intussusception is a rare entity in children. Adult, showing 10% of all intussusceptions and 4% of intestinal obstructions in adults. And an organic lesion is often found at the point of weakness of the intussusception in 80% of the cases at the adult. Malignant tumors represent the first etiology of intussusceptions, especially in the colon, whereas they are secondary to a benign lesion (especially in the hail) in 25% of cases. Treatment is always surgical in adults and leaves no room for reduction by hyperpressure under radiological control.

This study investigated how the exploitation of wetlands, locally known as dambos, changes their vegetation composition, soil properties and how that in-turn affects the water quality. We therefore compared diversity and soil conditions between a protected (Madikane) and exploited (Dufuya) dambo impacted by communal agriculture and grazing in Lower Gweru, Zimbabwe. Species diversity was higher in Madikane (H’ = 2.52) than Dufuya (H’ = 2.14). Species that were present in Madikane indicated a permanent or semi-permanent wetness compared to species tolerant to arid conditions, reflecting disturbance in Dufuya. Dambo utilization also indicated a change in dominance from perennials to annuals and an increase in exotic species. There was no significant difference in the physical structure of the soil between the rather pristine and exploited sites (% clay and % silt, p > 0.05). A significant difference was recorded in the chemical properties of the soil (pH, phosphorus, nitrate-N, ammonium-N and organic carbon content). Water quality was good in the protected dambo than the exploited dambo as indicated by the differences in calcium ions and conductivity. The protection of wetlands is shown to be important in conserving biological diversity.

Binary pseudo random noise sequences are sequences of 1’s and 0’s having properties which make them appear to be noise-like but yet are deterministic. The NO-Kumar sequences were discovered by Jong-Seon No and P.V.Kumar and are known to have optimal correlation properties and a large linear span. The families of NO sequences are periodic with period = 2n-1 where ‘n’ is an even integer and contain within them a GMW sequence and also small set of Kasami sequences as special case. In this paper we investigate the properties of these sequences such as balance, run and even correlation properties. Odd correlation properties of these sequences which are not described in the NO-Kumar paper are also highlighted. The sequences are first simulated in MATLAB and then implemented by writing a Verilog code on the Nexys 4 FPGA board.

The present study was conducted in southern Western Ghats of Tamilnadu, India. It is one of the global biodiversity hotspots that includes Nilgiri biosphere and Kodaikanal Wildlife Sanctuary (proposed). We studied the Diversity, Dominance and Evenness of butterflies in three different habitats (forest area, river bank, and crop area) during the period January 2011 to December 2011. A total of 92 species, from 65 genera and 5 families were recorded. Species diversity and abundance were maximum in the months of March-May and dropped to the minimum in the months of December-January. Forest area habitat had greater species diversity, while river bank habitat had greater number of individuals; crop area had the least diversity and abundance among the studied habitats. We have also recorded the endemism and flight period of some butterflies and their distribution within the habitats with their nectar source plants. Analyses were done to emphasize the importance of butterflies and the need for their conservation.

The centre of concern in the Indian economy these days is the falling value of the Indian currency. Though much is being said about the reasons and the impact a fall in currency will have, little is being presented with clarity. As Lionel Trilling rightly said "We invented money and we use it, yet we cannot understand its laws or control its actions. It has a life of its own." This life blood of the economy is very enigmatic in nature, and more so for the common man. In the global economy that we live in it is essential for the people of the nation to understand the economic implications of money, its fall and its weakening. When he Indian rupee touched a lifetime low of 68.85 against the US dollar on August 28, 2013 RBI had announced a number of measures to take control of the situation, with government requesting not to but gold. All these measures and actions did not yield the desired result. This qualitative research paper aims at presenting the complex matter of the falling value of Indian currency, its reasons and its impact in a simple way to be understood by a layman. The research uses secondary data from various sources. To make the perplexing figures understandable the paper uses flow charts and diagrams.

We all have faced different learning experiences in life. Just go back a few years when you were sitting in the class, the professor or teacher teaching a subject. Suddenly he shoots up a question few hands goes up in the air and you are left wondering, why I am not able to grasp fast like them. With time the explanation you give to yourself ranges from “they being smart” to “me being not so smart”. This research paper gives an insight to a more rational reason for these differences. Which is - each person has their own learning styles and their own natural intelligences. This empirical research paper captures information based on Howard Gardner multiple intelligence questionnaire. The essence of it is as Howard believed is different individuals possess different multiple intelligence. And how these intelligences, provides the panacea by making use of this test, which can be considerably used by the HR managers while designing training program for the employees and designing the learning style of the individuals. This research paper will provide a powerful tool to be used during the employee training design.

The objective of this work was to investigate the possible formation of the heterocycyclic N-nitrosomorpholine upon administration of nitrite and morpholine and also the significance of high fat diet on the metabolism of the nitrosamine, using spectrophotometric, cell fractionation, centrifugation, thin layer chromatographic, ultraviolet irradiation and in vitro and in vivo methods. The possible endogenous formation of NMOR was detected in urine collected 24hours after a combined oral administration of 20mg nitrite and 40mg of morpholine/kg through the process of thin layer chromatography. The retention factor (Rf) 0.664 and the purple chromatogram observed in the test urine using a detector NEDSA spray correlated with that of the standard thereby indicating the in vivo formation of nitrosamine. Also an in vitro study confirmed the formation of nitrosomorpholine at pH 7.4 in an appropriate phosphate buffer. The increase nitrite level after incubation of the liver microsomal fraction for 30minutes, arising from exposure to ultra violet light irradiation, confirmed the formation of nitrosomorpholine. The histopathology result of rat liver treated with concurrent administration of morpholine and NaNO2 revealed heavy hemorrhage, inflammatory cells, fat deposition and general cytolysis which confirm the toxicity of nitrosomorpholine on the liver. It is concluded that the combined administration of nitrite and morpholine produced a nitrosamine whose metabolism to toxic species in the liver tissue is attributed to the biochemical and histopathologic lesions enhanced by a high fat diet.

The impacts of organic wastes contamination on microbial population and physicochemical properties of Woji creek in Port Harcourt Rivers State were studied for two years. Surface water samples were collected monthly for a duration of two year at five sampling points using standard methods. The samples were subjected to microbiological analysis based on total heterotrophic bacteria count and those of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria, hydrocarbon utilizing fungi, total coliform and total fungi. Physicochemical properties evaluated include: temperature, pH, turbidity, total dissolved solid, total suspended solid, dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD, total organic carbon. Results of microbiological analysis showed no significant difference between seasons. THBC values ranged from 1.98x105 to 2.59x108cfu/ml, while TFC values was higher in the wet season (1.55x104 ± 5.46x103cfu/ml) than in the dry season (5.63x103 ± 2.55x103cfu/ml). Temperature range was found to be significantly higher in the dry season (27.92±0.210C) than in the wet season (25.81±0.210C). The findings of this study indicate that organic wastes are the major factors responsible for deterioration of the Woji creek.

Evaluation of “mgbam” traditional food on haematological profile and some selected biochemical parameters was carried out using standard methods. Fifty-six male wistar albino rats were separated into seven groups of eight rats each. One group served as the control, two groups served as reference groups while the other groups served as test groups. The reference foods were basal feed and nutrend (commercial infants’ food). The test groups were placed on compounded feed formulated with prepared “mgbam” and pelletized commercial rat feed using different proportions. Results obtained for haematological profile and biochemical parameters revealed that the studied food is good for health. This study has revealed the evaluation of “mgbam” traditional food on haematological profile and some selected biochemical parameters.

This study looks at the effect of the sea water is having on the Densu delta wetland. The objective of this work is to assess the hydro- chemical dynamics of the surface water from the Densu delta using hydro chemical parameters, stable isotopes- oxygen-18 and deuterium and also asses the quality of the surface water for purposes like irrigation using SAR, %Sodium and other modules. Samples of surface water were taken for physico-chemical analysis. The samples were analysed for physical and chemical parameters and the stable isotopes (18 O and D2O). The results from the stable isotopes have shown that the quality of the surface water is being affected by slight mixing with sea water. From the SAR calculation, 62% and 38% of the water was within the excellent and good category respectively and none were within the doubtful and unsuitable category respectively. Calculation of % sodium showed that about 5 out of 8 samples have high sodium percent (above 60%) and are not suitable for irrigation purposes as per classification of Eaton 1950. From the Richards diagram, approximately 12.5% fall within good category; 75% in the category of doubtful; 12.5% within unsuitable category. Approximately 50% of the samples were found to be good by RSC index; 37% fall within the doubtful category and 13% unsuitable. A high percentage was within permissible ranges for TDS. The results suggest that generally water samples are suitable for domestic and irrigation purposes under normal temperature and pH condition.

Bantuan Geran Per Kapita merupakan bantuan kewangan yang diperuntukkan kepada setiap pelajar warganegara Malaysia yang bersekolah di Sekolah Kerajaan atau Sekolah Bantuan Kerajaan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kebolehan dan mengenalpasti jenis pengetahuan dalam menguruskan Geran Per Kapita mata pelajaran dalam kalangan guru-guru MPAV di SMV Negeri Kelantan. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kuantitatif dan menggunakan teknik persampelan bertujuan untuk mencapai objektif kajian. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan mengedarkan borang soal selidik yang merupakan instrumen dalam kajian ini. Sampel kajian ini melibatkan 54 orang guru di empat buah sekolah aliran vokasional. Sekolah yang terlibat dalam kajian ini ialah Sekolah Menengah Vokasional Tanah Merah, Sekolah Menengah Vokasional Pasir Mas, Sekolah Menengah Vokasional Pengkalan Chepa dan Sekolah Menengah Vokasional Kuala Krai. Data dan dapatan kajian dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif dengan menggunakan perisian ‘Statistical Package For Social Sciences’ SPSS versi 16.0 untuk mendapatkan nilai skor min dan nilai peratusan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kebolehan guru dalam menguruskan geran per kapita MPAV berada pada tahap tinggi dengan skor min 3.82. Manakala pengetahuan berkaitan pembayaran dalam menguruskan geran per kapita menunjukkan skor min yang tinggi iaitu 4.28 berbanding perolehan dan pelupusan. Bagi analisis data dalam kajian hubungan tahap pengetahuan dengan tahap kebolehan menunjukkan perkaitan yang rendah dimana (r = -0.11). Perkaitan yang dihuraikan adalah tidak signifikan kerana p > 0.05 (p = 0.40) maka Ho tidak boleh ditolak iaitu terdapat perkaitan statistik yang signifikan antara tahap pengetahuan dengan tahap kebolehan dalam menguruskan Geran Per Kapita MPAV. Seterusnya kajian ini menyarankan bahawa kursus-kursus dalam perkhidmatan dapat menambahbaik kebolehan dan pengetahuan guru-guru dalam menguruskan geran per kapita MPAV.

This article analyses the influence of the combined effect of the internal (IOE) and external (EOE) operating environments on the accuracy of performance forecasting (APF) in large manufacturing firms (LMFs) in Kenya. The objective of this study was to assess if the combined effect of the operating environments precipitated any change in any of the measures of APF. Against the backdrop of internal management conflicts of interest and exogenous events, poor forecasting in LMFs is commonplace. However, in recent times, LMFs have tended to hire skilled forecasting personnel. This study therefore, assumes that the qualified forecasting staff ensures accuracy in preparing future budgets. Both IOE and EOE are said to influence the performance of manufacturing operations. The study identified IOE and EOE influencers of firm performance and tested these against critical measures of APF. To isolate statistical significance of results, regression analysis was applied using data collected through a structured questionnaire administered among randomly selected LMFs. Results indicated that there was evidence that the combined effect of IOE and EOE had a moderating influence on APF through ROS when objective forecasting was applied, and through EV when combination forecasting was used.

The level of trace elements in groundwater from the southernwestern periphery of the Volta Lake (Manya Krobo area) was determined and their origin assessed by estimating pH, TDS, saturated index (SI), hardness, alkalinity, hardness alkalinity ratio (HAR), groundwater acidification (Aci) and acid neutralizing capacity (ANC). Aluminum, manganese, iron and vanadium concentrations in groundwater at most areas were higher than originally anticipated (i.e. in excess of the WHO recommended guideline values) of a non-mining area. Dissolution of aquifer materials probably enhanced by moderately acidic waters is responsible for mobilization of trace elements in the groundwater in the area. The groundwater samples are generally undersaturated with respect to most of carbonate phases. Though pH showed slightly acidic waters, calculated groundwater acidification (Aci) was low (in fact, negative) and hardness alkalinity ratios (HAR) were consistently less than unity suggesting influence of weak acid probably of natural origin. The positive acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) values recorded throughout indicated a long-lasting superfluous in the acid-buffering capacity of the groundwater in the Manya Krobo area along the Volta Lake. Therefore, it is necessary to incorporate other trace metals removal techniques into borehole operations beyond removal of iron.

Stable isotopes of hydrogen (?²H) and oxygen (?¹⁸O) in groundwater, streams and Volta Lake collected in southwestern margin of the Volta Lake were investigated. While the spatial distribution of ?¹⁸O in groundwater (-3.61 to -2.17 ‰ vs VSMOW) showed that most of the heavy-isotope depleted samples were located in the higher portion of the study area (northeastern) on the Kwahu Plateau, more positive values (from -2.62 to -2.17‰ vs VSMOW) were found in areas in proximity of the Volta Lake. The isotope composition of streams (?¹⁸O) varied closely from -2.80 to -2.61‰ vs VSMOW with most depleted being the most forested stream. The Volta Lake showed relatively enriched and homogenous isotope composition (?¹⁸O between -0.66 and -0.43) reflecting high evaporation of the Lake. Stable isotope signature of the water samples point to meteoric origin of recharge to groundwater in the area also show possible intrusion of Volta Lake into the aquifers near the banks of the Volta Lake.

The Manya Krobo area is bounded in the east by Lake Volta which resulted after the construction of the Akosombo dam since 1965. The groundwater quality of 25 samples in the study area was evaluated for its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes by estimating pH, EC, TDS, hardness and alkalinity besides major ions, isotopes, SAR, % Na, RSC, RSBC, chlorinity index, SSP, non-carbonate hardness, Potential Salinity, Permeability Index, Magnesium hazard and Index of Base Exchange. The percentage sodium, sodium absorption (SAR), and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) indices show that the groundwaters are generally suitable for irrigation purposes. Negative Index of Base Exchange indicates the chloro-alkaline disequilibrium in the study area and all the water samples fall in the rock dominance field based on Gibbs’ ratio. Based on total hardness, the groundwater in the area is soft. Na-K-HCO3-Cl (48%), Na-HCO3 (40%), and Na-Cl (12%) water types were delineated from the area. Stable isotope analysis of water samples indicates meteoric origin of recharge.

The aim of the research is to assess the level of awareness of indoor radon gas and its deleterious health effects to the population when accumulated over long periods. 100 questionnaires were distributed among subjects in the study area (Sakumono) out of which 87 were returned. These questionnaires were randomly distributed without recourse to any particular pattern, as the study area was composed of majority elite. The questionnaires sought to elicit information such as; type of house, type of ventilation system practiced, familiarity with radon gas, response to health threats, type of flooring, etc which subjects responded to. 42 out of the 87 respondents were males and 45 were females, which accounted for 48.3% and 51.7% respectively. 82.8% of the respondents had no knowledge of radon gas whereas only about 17.2% responded to having some knowledge of radon gas. By projection, it could be inferred that radon gas awareness in the entire country is shallow, thus this initial survey was intended to extend to cover other parts of the country. Focus group discussions also indicated that, most respondents were concerned about common preventive health behaviours (not smoking, excessive alcohol abuse, cleanliness etc) rather that radon gas preventive attitudes and behaviours. It was therefore concluded that the survey has in a way engendered more concern about health-specific information seeking attitudes among the subjects, not only about radon gas.

The adsorption and inhibition of Aluminium corrosion in 1.0 M HCl using different concentrations of extracts of Baissea axillaris was investigated at 303 and 323K using weight loss technique. Weight loss and corrosion rate increased with increase in temperature both for the free acid and inhibited solutions, with marked reluctance to increase in both observable in for the presence of the extracts, varying with the extract concentration. Inhibition efficiency increased with increase in the concentration of the extract. The maximum inhibition efficiency of 86.3% was obtained for 10 µg/L extract but decreased to 68.4 % on increasing the temperature from 303 K to 323 K. The adsorption was best described by the Temkin and Langmuir adsorption isotherm from where negative Gibbs free energy change was obtained indicating spontaneous adsorption while negative heat of adsorption was obtained indicating exothermicity. Activation Energy was deduced from the Arrhenius equation while thermodynamic approach yielded the heat of adsorption.

Lead poisoning crisis that crystallized in Bukkyum and Anka local governments of Zamfara State , Nigeria, gave birth to this research works in line with recommendations by Médecins sans Frontières (MSF-Holland) to Zamfara state health authorities.( UNEP/OCHA, 2010). The work consist of Soil sampling and XRF analysis of selected mining stages as well as a host village residential compounds, Dan-company. The concentration levels of Fe, Ni, Cu and Cr are elevated while that of other heavy metals is present within regulatory limits. The elevated levels of metals by their nature do rarely portend hazards to health. The relationship of mining cave values, tailings and residential compounds shows that the villagers of the mining environment might have been educated from the earlier years of the British settlers that flagged off mining in the area.

Single crystals of (2E)-1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]prop-2-en-1-one (4Br4MSP) was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. The crystal structure of 4Br4MSP was determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction technique and morphology of the crystal was studied. Optical behavior such as UV-vis-NIR absorption spectra and second harmonic generation were investigated to explore the transmission and nonlinear optical (NLO) characteristics of the material. Thermal stability of the sample is confirmed by TGA/DTA analysis. The dielectric and electric properties of the crystal were studied.The laser damage threshold has been measured by using Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and shows good damage threshold value. Crystals were subjected to microhardness study to explore its mechanical characteristic.

(E)-N1-(2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propylidene)benzene-1,2-diamine, an organic material has been synthesized and their chemical structure was confirmed by means of elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral techniques. The molecular geometry has been interpreted with the aid of structure optimization based on DFT/B3LYP and HF methods with 6-31G(d,p)level theory. The SXRD data were compared with the optimized parameter. Optimized geometry parameters are very well agrees with the reported one. FT-IR spectrum is recorded at room temperature. Functional group assignment was discussed on the B3LYP and HF level theories. The chemical reactivity and charge density of the compounds was obtained by Mulliken and MEP surfaces. The energy gap, electronic properties were measured and discussed. The intramolecular charge transfer interaction and ?-electron cloud movement in title molecule must be responsible for the NLO properties.

Most of the interstellar protonated molecules that have been shown to be astronomically detectable based on recent studies could be termed as 'non-terrestrial' species as a number of them are yet to be probed in the terrestrial laboratory, thus, the rotational transitions required for their astronomical searches are not available. In this study, the coupled cluster variant CCSD(T) together with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set has been used to predict the spectroscopic parameters of four known neutral interstellar molecules and their corresponding protonated analogues of which two; H2NCO+ and H2COH+ have been astronomically detected. The protonated analogues of H2NCN and H2CS are potential interstellar species from recent studies. The predicted rotational constants/transitions are in good agreement for those with known experimental data, thus, these spectroscopic parameters could guide the astronomical searches and laboratory measurement of these species without experimentally determined spectroscopic constants.

Current FPGA soft processor systems use dedicated hardware modules or accelerators to speed up data-parallel applications. This work explores an alternative approach of using a soft vector processor as a general-purpose accelerator. Due to the complexity and expense of floating point hardware, these algorithms are usually converted to fixed point operations or implemented using floating-point emulation in software. As the technology advances, more and more homogeneous computational resources and fixed function embedded blocks are added to FPGAs and hence implementation of floating point hardware becomes a feasible option. In this research we have implemented a high performance, autonomous floating point vector co-processor (FPVC) that works independently within an embedded processor system. We have presented a unified approach to vector and scalar computation, using a single register file for both scalar operands and vector elements. The FPVC is completely autonomous from the embedded processor, exploiting parallelism and exhibiting greater speedup than alternative vector processors. The FPVC supports scalar computation so that loops can be executed independently of the main embedded processor.

A steady two dimensional free convective flow of an electrically conducting and radiating micropolar fluid along an inclined flat plate is investigated, by taking variable electrical conductivity, uniform surface heat flux and mass flux into account. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations, which are then solved numerically by a fourth order Runge-Kutta method along with shooting technique. A parametric study is conducted to illustrate the effects of the governing parameters namely, micro-inertia density parameter, vertex viscosity parameter, heat generation/absorption parameter, radiation parameter, Schmidt number and Prandtl number on the velocity, temperature and concentration as well as skin-friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number.

Regular environmental monitoring has being going on ever since the operation of the Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) to ensure both the safety of the workers in that they are not exposed to any harmful radiations and that equipment’s that are used are in good condition. The objective of this work is to know if the right procedures are being followed to ensure that the minimum radiation dose is not being exceeded as well as not exposing the public to any controlled sources. Moreover over the years there have been encroachers on the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) land and this work therefore seek to know the possible effects these radiations have on those people. From the results obtained 2008 had a range of (0.03-3.10)µSv/h, (0.04-2.71)µSv/h for 2009, (0.07-2.81)µSv/h for 2010 and 2011 also had a range of (0.05-5.64)µSv/h. Comparing to the recommend value (For the public the limit is 1 mSv in a year, or in special circumstances up to 5 mSv in a single year provided that the average dose over five consecutive years does not exceed 1 mSv per year), this shows that the radiations recorded are within the recommended value indicating that the right procedures are being followed. Suffice to say this more work has to be done to ensure that there is a sustainability in following procedures and that the encroachers too must be warned off to avoid any consequences in case there is unavoidable accidents in the near future

There has been growing concern about global sea-level rise and its impacts on mankind. This work therefore focuses on analyzing sea level data of Cape Coast Sea by employing conventional methods of time series analysis and extreme value theory. The study seeks to find out if there is any significant rise in the sea levels of the Cape Coast Sea that will cause flooding of the town and to make recommendations as to whether resettlement issues should be considered. The exploratory analysis reveals that the sea levels of the Cape Coast Sea are characterized by trend and seasonality. The conventional approach of analyzing the sea level data considered sitting a trend model, trend plus seasonal model, a quadratic trend model and a quadratic plus seasonal model to the sea levels of the Cape Coast Sea. The analysis reveals that the fluctuations in the sea levels of the Cape Coast Sea could best be modeled by a trend plus seasonal model. The estimated parameters of the model reveal a highly significant and positive trend in the sea levels of the Cape Coast Sea, and if this trend continues it will have serious implication for the flooding of the town. The extreme value approach in analyzing the sea levels of the Cape Coast Sea considered sitting a General Extreme Value (GEV) distribution model to the annual maxima sea levels (block maxima approach) and the Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) model (threshold model). The fitted GEV distribution that changes linearly in the location parameter(µ (t)) is reasonable in modeling the annual maximum sea levels of the Cape Coast sea levels and this supports the fact that the annual maximum sea levels increases over time. The GPD model on the other hand does not support a linear trend in the scale parameter (?(t)). On a whole, the estimated parameters of both models show an increase in the sea levels, and this is significant for the flooding of the town.

Light sequencer is a phenomenon which has been with us since the end of Second World War. Even though it has undergone very robust modification from the mirror balls into pure electronics. The 8051 microcontroller based light sequencer incorporates the programmable capability of the 8051 microcontroller in light sequencing light. This therefore has the advantage of changing the display of lights required as opposed to changing the whole electronics of the system of non-8051 microcontroller based light sequencer for the same effects lighting.

Although the magnetic field is an indispensible environmental factor for plants in soil, there is dearth of research regarding its effect on plant growth. In order to evaluate the effect of magnetic water on concentration of micronutrient elements in basil leaves, the present experiment was conducted under completely randomized factorial design with two treatments and three replications in greenhouse. The treatments consisted of the kind of water (magnetic and nonmagnetic water) and salinity treatment in three levels (distilled water, 30 mM and 50 mM salinity). The results indicated that the maximum effects on Mn, Zn and Cu concentration in basil leaves were produced by magnetic water. Concerning salinity treatments, the maximum effects on Mn, Zn, Cu and Total Fe in basil leaves were for water with 30 mM salinity. The interaction effects between the kind of water and salinity levels showed that maximum effects on these elements were related to magnetic distilled water.

Fatigue cracking and rutting contribute significantly to the failure of asphalt pavement. In the design of asphalt pavement, it is necessary to investigate these critical strains and design against them. In Nigeria, the only developed design method for asphalt pavement is the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) method. Most of the roads designed using the CBR method failed soon after construction by fatigue cracking and rutting deformation. This study was conducted to develop a modified Nigeria CBR procedure for low volume asphalt pavement adopting the layered elastic analysis procedure which involves selection of materials and layer thickness for specific traffic conditions such that fatigue cracking and rutting deformations are minimized. Analysis were performed for hypothetical asphalt pavement sections using the layered elastic analysis program EVERSTRESS. Regression equations were developed for predicting pavement thickness in cement-stabilized base, low-volume asphalt pavement. The result was validated by comparing calculated maximum fatigue and rutting strains developed using the modified procedure and measured strain data from the Kansa Accelerated Testing Laboratory (K-ATL). The calculated and measured fatigue and rutting strain were calibrated and compared using linear regression analysis. The calibration of calculated and measured fatigue and rutting strains resulted in R2 of 0.999 and 0.994 respectively for subgrade modulus of 31MPa, 0.997 and 0.997 respectively for subgrade modulus of 41MPa, 0.996 and 0.999 respectively for subgrade modulus of 62MPa, 0.992 and 0.995 respectively for subgrade modulus of 72MPa, 0.999 and 0.998 respectively for subgrade modulus of 93MPa, and 0.999 and 0.999 respectively for subgrade modulus of 103MPa indicating that the coefficients of determination were found to be very good.

The concentrations of the toxic elements As, Cd, Hg, Sb and V in well and borehole water, samples from the Bibiani mining area in the Western Region of Ghana have been measured using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) following irradiation with thermal neutrons and counting with a conventional counting system. This study was conducted to assess the impact of mining activities on the ground water resources of the Bibiani mining area. The concentrations of the elements measured in the rainy season water samples were in the ranges: As, 0.04 – 6.08 mg/L; Hg, 1.63 – 2.05 mg/L; Sb, 0,52 – 0.96 mg/L and V, 0.06 – 0.62 mg/L. The concentrations of Cd were below 0.01 mg/L (i.e. the detection limit) in all the rainy season samples. In the dry season samples, the concentration ranges of the various elements were: As, 0.67 – 4.71 mg/L; Cd, 0.35 – 2.80 mg/L; Hg, 0.30 – 4.93 mg/L; Sb, 0.08 – 0.70 mg/L and V, 0.07 – 0.52 mg/L. In the rainy season, the concentrations of As in 54% of the samples, Hg in 31% of the samples, and Sb in 23% of the samples were above their respective World Health Organization (WHO) limits whereas in the dry season water samples, the concentration of As in 31% of the samples, Cd in 62% of the samples, Hg in 23% of the samples and Sb in 15% of the samples were above their respective WHO limits. The pH values of all the water samples ranging from 3.90 to 5.93 pH units fell below the lower limit of the range 6.5 – 8.5, the WHO (1985) pH range for good quality drinking water. Therefore it could be concluded on this grounds that the wells and boreholes studied in Bibiani mining area were polluted hence not suitable for human consumption.

Nine plantain samples from some communities in the Bibiani mining town and surrounding towns/villages, Abrofrem, Akwawuakrom, Beposo, Besie, Fahiakorbor, Kofikrom, Hwenampori and Old Town – all in the Bibiani-Anhwiaso-Bekwai District – have been analysed using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) for their levels of the essential elements, Ca, Cl, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn. The aim of the study was to determine the levels of the above essential elements in the plantain samples and also to establish whether the mining activities have had any impact on the levels measured. The concentrations of Ca, Cl, K, Mg and Na referred to as major nutrients measured were in the ranges; 495 – 1895 mg/kg for Ca, 1076 – 3019 mg/kg for Cl, 1800 – 17000 mg/kg for K, 946 – 1337 mg/kg for Mg, and 42.34 – 83.20 mg/kg for Na. The micro/trace elements measured in the samples were in the ranges, 2.55 – 25.44 mg/kg for Cu; 7.40 – 17.20 mg/kg for Mn and 8.25 – 67.96 mg/kg for Zn. The results supported the claim that plantain contains high levels of K and low levels of Na. However, with regard to the RDA/AI values of the various nutrient elements, it could be said that plantain is relatively richer in Mn, followed by Cu and Mg than K. This was due to the fact that relatively lower amount of plantain is required to meet the RDA/AI values of those elements than K. The levels of the nutrient elements measured in the plantain samples did not give any indication of impact of mining activities which could have resulted in loss of soil fertility since the results obtained in this work compared favourably with the results obtained in a similar study conducted by Danso et al (2006) in a non mining area. The only difference observed in the results obtained in this work from that of Danso et al (2006) was with the levels of Mg and Mn. The levels of Mg and Mn measured in this work were however, consistent with the geology of the area as well as their respective RDA/AI values.

The Academic Management System is useful to both students and Faculties for Time table, Lesson Plan, Log Book upkeeping , viewing circulars sent by authorities , on-line assignment submission capability, Internal Marks entry, attendance and Mentoring and prepare the final report to be sent to parents. This system is developed as Web Application in ASP/ASP.Net for front end and MS SQL Server as the backend. Security is achieved by using SQL injections prevention codings and encrypted cookies and sessions. Username and password also given only in encrypted form. This automated implementation in our University environment has eased the work-load and enhanced the work efficiency of faculty members and students also feel happy to receive instantly all their Academic Information.

We present two high speed and low power full adder cells designed with modified pass transistor logic styles that lead to have a reduced power delay product (PDP) as compared to the previous logics DPL and SR-CPL logic. We carried out a comparison against other full adders reported as having a low PDP, in terms of speed and power consumption. All the full-adders were designed with a 0.12µm CMOS technology. Simulations of the circuit show that the proposed full-adders have reduced the power from 0.326mW to 0.242mW.

Moringa preparations and its consumption have become popular among Ghanaians. In the present study a survey was carried out in Techiman in the Brong Ahafo to determine the existing socio-economic status and Moringa safety knowledge of consumers. Data on socio –economic profile of 100 consumers were obtained through questionnaires. Results from the study showed that more of the respondents got the information on Moringa from family (46 %,) followed by other sources (20%), from the media (18%) and from friends (16%) in that order. Results also indicated that majority of the manufacturers fail to indicate the exact amount of metal concentrations incurred by consumers after consumption.

Moringa oleifera is a highly valued plant, distributed in many countries of the tropics and subtropics. It has an impressive range of medicinal uses with high nutritional value. Different parts of this plant contain a profile of important minerals. Results of the study revealed the presence of elements such as sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). Hazard quotients (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) were calculated for samples from Otiakrom and Techiman. The HI values for both study areas were less than unity (HI<1) meaning no chronic risks are likely to occur when three tablespoonfuls of dried Moringa powder is consumed daily. It is recommended that intake of the powder should be based on advice from a nutritionist to avoid the risk of toxicity increasing in vulnerable groups including, children, pregnant women and the aged.

The present paper is concerned the second-order differential equation ,(*) with Neumann boundary conditions. By using the asymptotic solutions we find the distribution of eigenvalues of (*) in two turning points.

Clay (soil) is a “biologic sink”. It contains nutrients, toxic elements, organic matter and microbes among other things. The clay can pose a health threat. It was postulated by Ellis and Schnoes in 2002 that people who eat clay risk psychological abnormalities and health consequences such as lead poisoning and bacterial or parasitic or worm infection. Most spore forming bacteria, such as bacillus and clostridium, like to live in soils [1]. A person can start feeling some abdominal pains when the soil or food contains about 105 colonies of bacillus or clostridium per gram of soil or food in the body [2]. Clostridium in the female genital tract may induce abortion and result in uterine gas gangrene [2].

This work investigates the phytochemical composition and anti-tussive effect of aqueous and alcoholic extract of Aneilema aequinoctiale. The phytochemical screening of the Aneilema aequinoctiale showed quantitatively the presence of alkaloids, saponin, steroid, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids and tannins. The possible anti-tussive effects of the ethanolic and aqueous extract of the leaves, root, stem and whole plant of Aneilema aequinoctitale on Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pheumonia, Cryphtococcus neoformans and Streptococcus pneumonia were determined and compared. The extracts of the whole plant exhibited the widest inhibition zones followed by extracts of the leaves and stem, while the root extracts showed the least inhibition zones. The results are discussed with reference to the nutritional and medicinal values of the plant Aneilema aequinoctiale.

An analytical study is performed to study the effects of thermal radiation and chemical reaction on unsteady free convection and mass transfer of a viscous incompressible fluid past an accelerated infinite isothermal vertical plate in the presence of magnetic field. The fluid considered here is a gray, absorbing/ emitting radiation but a non-scattering medium. It is assumed that the effect of viscous dissipation is negligible in the energy equation and there is a first order chemical reaction between the diffusing species and the fluid. The dimensionless governing coupled linear partial differential equations are solved using the Laplace transform technique. The influence of the various parameters, entering into the problem, on the velocity field and temperature field is extensively discussed with the help of graphs.

One of the amazing inventions of science is super absorbent polymers capable of absorbing liquids. Super absorbent polymers (SAP?s) are materials that have the ability to absorb and retain large volumes of water and aqueous solutions by swelling. Various applications of super absorbent polymers are being explored by various experiments across the world. The mechanism of absorption by these polymers and their few applications are being discussed.

This work studied the pharmaceutical constituents of seed and seedcoat of Mucuna pruriens. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical Screening of seed and seedcoat of Mucuna pruriens showed the presence of these phytocompounds: alkaloid = 39.21+ 0.014% tannins = 19.07+ 0.001%, Saponic glycosides = 46.03+ 0.014%, Flavonoid = 17.04+ 0.01%, , Phenolic glycoside = 17.04+ 0.01% , terpenoids =2.43+ 0.00%, antrachionomic glycoside = 4.09+ 0.0141%, cardiac glycoside = 7.70+ 0.014%. The ethanolic , n – hexane and aqueous extracts of the seeds and coat of Mucuna pruriens were found to inhibit two test gram positive bacteria, two test gram negative bacteria and two test fungi. The two gram positive bacteria are; S. aureus and B. subtilis. The two gram negative bacteria are: E. coli and S. pyogene. The two fungi are: C. albican and A. flavus. The minimum inhibitory concentration for the three solvent extracts were found for each bacteria and fungi. Elemental analysis showed that the seeds of Mucuna pruriens contain the following microconstituent elements: Ca, Mg, P, Na, and K. KEY WORDS: Seeds and seedcoat of Mucuna pruriens, crud extracts, phytochemical analysis, elemental analysis, anti-microbial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).