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The study examined the determinants of consumption of food away from home (FAFH) in the urban sector. The socio-economic characteristics of the respondents and factors motivating it were identified as well as factors that influence the consumption of food away from home. The study used two stage sampling method to select 118 respondents that was used for the study. Data collected were analysed using ordinary least square model. The result revealed that 8 out of the 17 variables considered to influence consumption of FAFH were significant and these are household size, number of children under 6yrs, children between 7 and13years as well as 14 and 17years, total number of visit per week to places for food away from home, number of working female adults and easy access to prepared FAFH. Household size was significant at 1% level and has a direct relationship with household expenditure on consumption of FAFH. The total number of adults present in the household is also significant at 1% and has an inverse relationship with expenditure on consumption of FAFH. Also, the number of children under 6 years is statistically significant at 5% level of significant and it has an inverse relationship with the household expenditure. This could be as a result of specially attention given to young children. Based on the rapid growing trend of consumption of food away from home consumption, this study recommends that FAFH should be taken up by approved and trusted sources putting the health and safety of the consumers into consideration and government agencies concerned with food and health safety should ensure that food served at eateries and restaurants are safe for consumption.

Tin Oxide thin films were deposited by sol gel dip coating method using the acrylamide route. The films were post heated at different temperature in the range of 350-525 ^oC. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) studies indicatyed the formation of tetragonal SnO₂. The Optimum temperature for the formation of the films was 450 ^oC.Microstructural parameters were estimated from the XRD data. XPS studies indicated the peaks corresponding to Sn 3d and 01s. Transmission spectra exhibited interference fringes. Refractive Index was in the range of 2.05-2.18. Optical bandgap value was around 3.68 eV. Three fundamental Raman lines are observed which agree well with that of the bulk material.

A Schiff base namely 3-{4-[4-(Benzylideneamino)benzenesulfonyl]-phenyl}-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one has been considered here. Theoretical characterization was done by Gaussian-03. The AM1 route has been used. The various parameters such as bond length, bond angle, atomic charge distribution and vibrational frequency analysis have been discussed. The theoretically observed IR values are found to be in accordance with the experimentally obtained values.

In this work we have demonstrated an experimental study and theoretical analysis of the effect of power intensity of illumination on the SnO2/n-Si Hetero-junction devices that irradiated with 150 min. (Cs 137) Gamma ray. The (J-V) characteristic was plotted as function of power intensity of illumination (1.95, 2.88, 3.78, 5.9, and 9.5) mw/cm2. This was shown increase in efficiency of this device until reach maximum efficiency at 9.5 mw/cm2 which represent optimal case. Theoretical analysis of this processes achieve by using “Table Curve 2D version 5.01” program leading to estimate theoretical modeling equation Y= a + b x +c ex We calculate these parameters (a, b, and c) as function of power intensity and testing the equation for power intensity (4 and 8 mw/cm2). Theoretical (J- V) curves are plotted with experimental data, there is a good agreement between them and the behavior of these two curves contain linear term and exponential term.

Listening skills is one of the most fundamental and important skills which can enhance speaking as well as listening skills. However, listening skills has Cinderella skills in language teaching for many years. For FL learners, listening is more difficult than reading. This challenging nature is manifest in Purdy?s (1997, p. 8) definition of listening as “active and dynamic process of attending, perceiving, interpreting, remembering, and responding to the expressed (verbal and nonverbal) needs, concerns, and information offered by other human beings.” The capability to grasp spoken language encompasses complicated, immediate and concurrent processing of various sorts of information. To apprehend spoken language, one is required to organize sounds, vocabulary, grammatical constructions, and prior knowledge (Vandergrift, 1999). Many experts acknowledge the challenging nature of listening (Vogely, 1999; Gonen, 2009).The present study tries to indicate the relevant literature and study about role of transactional and interactional materials on oral productivity.

Effectiveness of library services in the present digital age depends largely upon the application of information and communication technology, with integration into global information initiatives. This paper attempts to explore the impact of globalization on library and information services with emphasis on information environment globally. It is worthy to note that libraries in Africa seems unaffected by globalization and its information driven. It was further observed that African Libraries journeyed to the 21st century is a long and tortuous venture that encompassed with bumps and hiccups. It also analyzed the Nigerian libraries in the era of globalization and concluded by recommending that bold step towards launching Nigerian information environment in the global system becomes not only imperative but a necessity

Compulsive disorder is a cognitive process disorder in which individuals experience ideas, beliefs, imagination and unwanted disturbing impulses that make him/her anxietic and is difficult to remove. The prevalence of OCD is 1/9 to 3/2 percent. With the lifetime prevalence of 2/5 percent and six months prevalance of 1/6 percent, obssessive compulsive disorder is the fourth psychiatric problem in the U.S.A. In Iran, in the region of Kashan, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder is estimated to be 1 percent. Given the importance of the role of the psychological variables in the causation and the severity of the obsessive – compulsive disorder, the role of perfectionism, worry and responsibility variables has been studied in this research. Recognizing the role of these variables (by psycological methods such as logical thinking, responsibility and worry modification)could help taking an important step treating patients with OCD. The present research is aimed to investigate the prediction of the obssessive – Compulsive disorder, according to the positive and negative perfectionism, worry and responsibility. To achieve this aim ,118 students from ardebil azad university took part in an initial research, completing the positive and negative perfectionim inventory and maudsley obssessional and compulsive inventory (MOCCI), AHWAZ worry inventory(AWI) and responsibility attitude scale (RAS). The spss13 software was used to analyse the datas and the relation between the negative and positive perfectionism and OCD, was evaluated by stepwise regression method. The results of this research showed that the positive perfectionism and worry and resposibility had no role in prediction of the obssessive compulsive disorder.in contrast ,negative perfectionism predicted the obssessive compulsive disorder by stepwise regression method(p<0/05).

The main purpose of this study is to analysis the thermomechanical behavior of the dry contact between the brake disc and pads during the braking phase. The thermal-structural analysis is then used coupling to determine the deformation and the Von Mises stress established in the disc, the contact pressure distribution in pads. The results are satisfactory when compared with those of the specialized literature.

This paper examines the availability and variations of timber species within Ibadan Metropolis and Oyo Town Oyo State, Nigeria. Sixty copies of structured questionnaire were randomly administered on timber sellers from randomly selected timber markets in Ibadan and Oyo town. The selected markets in Ibadan were Bodija Timber Market (18), Sango Timber Market (12), Oke-Ado Timber Market (7) and Apata Timber Market (7). Those visited in Oyo were Sabo Timber Market (5), Owode Timber Market (6) and Oroki Timber Market (5). Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage distributions were used to analyze the collected data. Study revealed that 70% of the timber dealers were between 30 and 70 years of age, with 60% of them having been in business for more than 40 years. Various reasons were given by the traders on why they engaged in the timber business and these include availability, durability and demand, with majority (38.3%) of them citing the demand for the timber species as the reason why they traded the species. It was discovered from the study that certain timber species have become endangered species due to over- exploitation and these include Nauclea dideriichii, Tectona grandis, Terminalia spp., Khaya senegalensis Milicia excelsa, among others. The scarcity of these fine quality species has then brought into the market species in a few years ago were considered only suitable for low-end uses. These include Daniella oliveirii Pycnanathus angolensis(Akomu), Albizia zygia(Ayunre) and others. Therefore, there a is need for the planting of fast growing plantation species by State forestry departments in six geopolitical zones in Nigeria, as a replacement for commercially popular species; and as alternatives to decreasing availability of popular timber species so as to avoid running out of valuable and good quality timber species in the nearest future.

Current study examined the effects of using emails on the improvement of writing performance of ESL learners in terms of syntactical complexity, lexical complexity and grammatical accuracy. Subjects in present study were ESL learners at a language institute in Pakistan. Linguistic analysis of the writing samples of learners was executed by the application of two computerized text analysis programs, i.e. “wordsmith tools” (Scott, 1996) and “word perfect 10”. By applying mixed method of research, the study results showed that L2 learners improved syntactic and lexical complexity of their writing through email based writing activities than their in-class writing activities. However, they made more errors in terms of grammar accuracy while corresponding through email. Results from students’ self- report revealed that email based learning approach could help students to learn and enhance their English writing skills while generating enthusiasm, learner autonomy and engagement alongside.