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6-amino-4-(substitutedphenyl)-1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-3-methyl-pyrazolo [3,4-b] pyridine-5-carbonitrile have been prepared by the refluxation for six hours of 4-(substitutedbenzylidene)-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-5-methyl-2,4-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, malononitrile and ammonium acetate in presence of ethanol. The intermediate 4-(substituted benzylidene)-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-5-methyl-2,4-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one have been prepared by the refluxation for five hours of 2-(2,4-dinitro phenyl)-5-methyl-2,4-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one with substituted benzaldehyde in presence of glacial acetic acid. The synthesized compounds were characterized by means of their IR, 1H-NMR spectral data and elemental analysis.

The launch of Free Primary Education (FPE) in Kenya in 2003 resulted to high enrolment of pupils in primary schools. However only a small proportion of those pupils who completed standard eight enrolled in form one due to lack of school fees which was a burden to many parents. In January 2008 the Government of Kenya declared Tuition Free Secondary Education (TFSE) in all public secondary schools in the country in order to cope with the high number of pupils completing standard eight. As expected, this led to a large number of students enrolling for secondary education. Despite the government input, reports from many parts of the country revealed that shortage of school facilities, instructional materials, teacher staffing and head teachers with good administrative skills among other challenges made it difficult to achieve the objectives of TFSE that is increased level of student enrolment, progression from one class to next and completion. The purpose of this study was to investigate teachers’ perceptions on the influence of school facilities on implementation of TFSE in public secondary schools in Wareng Sub-County, Kenya. The study used descriptive survey research design. The target population was 34 head teachers and 452 teachers. A sample of 195 respondents was drawn consisting of 14 head teachers and 181 teachers. Stratified proportionate random sampling technique was used to select head teachers while random sampling was used to select teachers from the schools whose head teachers were selected. The study established that more students were able to attend school as a result of tuition free secondary education though this stressed the available resources in schools. The study therefore recommends sourcing for more funds to cater for more school facilities. It is hoped that the findings of this study will help the Ministry of Education, the County Government and communities around the schools to deploy appropriate resources and policy programs to be used to ensure successful implementation of TFSE.

The purpose of this study was to identify concepts of terminology in science and technology field especially in renewable energy. There are almost no definitions of the term in Mongolian. According to data aggregated by the International Panel on Climate Change, life-cycle global warming emissions associated with renewable energy including manufacturing, installation, operation and maintenance, and dismantling and decommissioning are minimal. (IPCC, 2011, pp. 1075). Therefore, it is essential to develop renewable terminology to analyze its modern aspects. We need terminology standardization to express individual terms in single definitions and understandings of concepts throughout the world. But in most of our professional fields, there is no standard of term translated and interpreted. It is really important to have standards of education terms and determine the definitions in Mongolia. Formulating model of terminology standardization is the framework for this study. English data were collected from Canadian glossary of terminology and Mongolian data were collected from dictionaries. As for Mongolian terminology, almost 89% of 1300 were without any definition of concept and 99% were not standardized

Having a nickname or an English name in English classes in Iran is common. In this qualitative research the participants are 112 elementary pupils, only nine percent of which hasn’t adopted an English name. Based on a questionnaire which was selected in this study most of the names of the pupils are chosen by the students themselves and by the help of their English teacher at school. Some of them choose unusual names like HI or HELLO even girls choose male names. Having an English name gives them a great interest when their teacher or their classmates call them with their English names. Even though those who had an English name were not aware of the meaning of their names or the reason of choosing the names, they like to have nickname. The students believe that having an English name and in some percentage knowing its meaning motivates them to learn better.

This research examines the effectiveness of multi sensory approach for the purpose of improving the knowledge on English Letter Identification and among mild intellectual disabled students in the state of Kuwait. The discussion in this study is based on the multisensory approach that could be applied in the teaching of reading skills as well as phonemic awareness skills which could enable the students to acquire the early skills of reading. A total of 20 respondents were involved in the process of gathering data through the quantitative study method, which compromises of male and female mild intellectual disabled students. A pretest-postest method was applied in order to examine the effectiveness of the multisensory approach that could make it possible for them to identify the letters and its sounds. T test for the paired sample was used to figure out the significant differences between the pretest and posttest scores achieved by the students. The findings of the study showed the effect of the multi sensory approach in the teaching process of identifying the English letters and, which at the same time pave a way for the students to apply the mentioned skills in their learning process to read. This study is also significant for schools, centers, and institutes that are involved in the field of special education. Finally, it is considered as a road map to enable the students to learn and acquire the early skills of reading.

The influence of increasing Al concentration on the electrical, optical and structural properties of transparent and conducting films has been investigated. The films were deposited on glass substrates at a temperature of 480°C using a hydro-alcoholic solution consisting of and with various Al-doping levels from 0 to 0.53 being spray ratios of : in solution. The effect of changing the aluminum-to-tin spray ratio, [ ]/[ ], from 0 to 0.53 was investigated. The optical properties were studied in the UV/VIS/NIR region. The optical band gap for undoped films lay at 3.9 eV, whereas for high Al -doped films it shifts towards lower energies in the range of 3.9 – 3.61 eV. The results of x-ray diffraction have shown that the deposited films are polycrystalline without any second phases with preferential orientations along the (110), (101), (200) and (211) planes and an average grain size of 25.7 nm. It has been shown that increasing Al doping concentration lowers both the grain size and electrical conductivity of tin oxide significantly.

This paper is an account to politicization of bureaucracy and its impact on organization development and change in Tanzania. Through a historical approach, it examines the country’s political terrain and the way this has affected the ability of managers of public corporations to be the chief architects in managing changes in the organizations. The theoretical postulate of this paper is that the effectiveness and prosperity of public organizations largely depends on limited political influences and interferences in daily operations of these entities. The general observation that is noted, after a documentary analysis of the then public parastatals, privatized entities and other organizations that continue to be under the control of the government is that soon after independence to the era of the introduction of liberal policies in the country there was excessive politicization of bureaucracy which negatively deprived the managers of their presumed decision making autonomy thereby leading to poor performance of these organizations. It is however noted that since the adoption of liberalization policies positive developments that suggest relative managerial autonomy have taken place. It can however not be asserted that politicization tendencies are over as there are some organizations still suffering from this problem.

: Now days Culture has become one of the factors that create effects on the performance of the students through four skills and discussing its relationship with one of these skills is a controversial issue. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether there is any significant relationship between intercultural intelligence (known as CQ) awareness and reading proficiency (RP). The participants were 250 Azad University students of English translation with the same level of proficiency but different genders. To this end, the participants first were provided with CQ questionnaire by (Ang et al., 2007) and vocabulary tests which was developed by Paul Nation taken from his website as well as a reading proficiency test developed by Sadeghi and Everatt (submitted). The results of the present paper indicates that there is no significant relationships between cultural intelligence band score and reading proficiency, however a significant relationship among metacognitive factors as one of the four important sub-categories of cultural intelligence was evident. When looking into vocabulary, while a positive significant correlation with CQ band score was found, again similar to the reading proficiency skills a significant relationship between vocabulary knowledge and metacognitive factors was evident. The fact that the results show no correlation between either reading proficiency skills or vocabulary knowledge with cognitive factor represented in the questionnaire needs further research. Key terms: cultural intelligence, culture, reading, proficiency, vocabulary

This study examines the responsiveness of inflation to monetary policy in Nigeria. The specific objective was to determine empirically the extent to which monetary policy had helped in achieving general price stability in Nigeria within the chosen scope. Data for the study were obtained from secondary sources. The ordinary least square, Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Johansen Co-integration test, as well as parsimonious Error Correction Mechanism method were adopted to analyse the data. The results revealed that the impact of regulatory instrument on inflation was relatively low indicating that monetary policy was not a good predictor of inflation rate in Nigeria. Results also revealed non-stationarity at level form rather stationary after first differencing; and integrated at order one 1(1). Further revelations indicated that a long-run relationship existed among the variables and showed the presence of one co-integrating vector in the model. The study offers some important policy implication: the government should compliment monetary policy with fiscal policy to attain macro-economic objectives, diversifying the economy and encourage local productivity to stabilize prices.

In this article, we deal with the Holy Quran Miracles from the view point of Numbers. The research is a library one and has focused on the number 19. The Holy Book's depth of meaning and mysteries is something far well-known and has been interpreted and studied from different tenets. This research emphasis on the mathematically numerical relationship between different parts of the Chapters and verses of the wholly Book is novelty and purpose of this research.