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Leiomyoma of the urethra is a rare benign tumor composed of smooth muscle tissue often overlooked by most practitioners. This tumor results in a variety of clinical signs, diagnosis is histological. This pathology can generates significant repercussions on the social life of the patient.

The concentrations of the toxic elements As, Cd, Hg, Sb and V in well and borehole water, samples from the Bibiani mining area in the Western Region of Ghana have been measured using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) following irradiation with thermal neutrons and counting with a conventional counting system. This study was conducted to assess the impact of mining activities on the ground water resources of the Bibiani mining area. The concentrations of the elements measured in the rainy season water samples were in the ranges: As, 0.04 – 6.08 mg/L; Hg, 1.63 – 2.05 mg/L; Sb, 0,52 – 0.96 mg/L and V, 0.06 – 0.62 mg/L. The concentrations of Cd were below 0.01 mg/L (i.e. the detection limit) in all the rainy season samples. In the dry season samples, the concentration ranges of the various elements were: As, 0.67 – 4.71 mg/L; Cd, 0.35 – 2.80 mg/L; Hg, 0.30 – 4.93 mg/L; Sb, 0.08 – 0.70 mg/L and V, 0.07 – 0.52 mg/L. In the rainy season, the concentrations of As in 54% of the samples, Hg in 31% of the samples, and Sb in 23% of the samples were above their respective World Health Organization (WHO) limits whereas in the dry season water samples, the concentration of As in 31% of the samples, Cd in 62% of the samples, Hg in 23% of the samples and Sb in 15% of the samples were above their respective WHO limits. The pH values of all the water samples ranging from 3.90 to 5.93 pH units fell below the lower limit of the range 6.5 – 8.5, the WHO (1985) pH range for good quality drinking water. Therefore it could be concluded on this grounds that the wells and boreholes studied in Bibiani mining area were polluted hence not suitable for human consumption.

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The 21st century is griped with the challenge of effective management for the survival of any business organization. Managers and management scholars are left with the responsibility of exploring and adopting the best management approach in other to keep their organization in business. This paper is focused on management approach for effective management in the 21st century. The paper specifically weighed the four major management theories which include the scientific theories, Human Relations theory, the modern theory and the eclectic theory and, finally made Recommendation/ conclusion for the 21st century managers.

A numerical analysis is carried out to study the effects of mass transfer and thermal radiation on a steady boundary layer flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting fluid with uniform transverse magnetic field and variable free stream near a stagnation point on a non-conducting stretching sheet through a porous medium in presence of variable thermal conductivity, heat generation and viscous dissipation. The equations of continuity, momentum, energy and mass are transformed into ordinary differential equations and solved numerically using shooting method. The velocity, temperature and concentration distributions are discussed numerically and presented through graphs. Skin-friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number at the sheet are derived, discussed numerically and their numerical values for various values of physical parameters are presented through tables.

Mercury is a hazardous element and hence its removal from the eco system is essential to prevent the associated environmental health risk. There are many techniques available for the removal of Mercury (II) ions from the effluent stream; most of them are costly. By using a low cost and easily available adsorbent - a tamarind bark powder, the removal of Mercury (II) ions was carried out in this project work. The scope of this project work is to study of adsorption of Mercury (II) from effluent by varying the amount of adsorbent, size of adsorbent, concentration of Mercury (II) solution, contact time and nature of tamarind bark powder. The removal of Mercury (II) was studied in the laboratory shaker by batch process. The mercury concentration in the effluent was determined using spectrophotometric method, before and after adsorption. The adsorption of Mercury (II) using the tamarind powder is found to have an efficiency of around 40%. The efficiency increases up to 50 % for the reduced size adsorbent and it improves further up to 60% for the chemically activated wood powder.

Bifid bacterium longum bb536 was prepared from Iranian developed collection of bacteria and fungi. The samples were cultured at 70 ° C and on the De-Man-Rogosa-Sharpe agar (MRSA) medium enriched with 0.5 grams per liter of L-cysteine (HCL and MRSA + cys), and then are incubated at 37 °C. This bacteria was microencapsulated and compared to non-encapsulated form under different population (ml cfu. 6E8, 6E7 and 6E6 and). The results showed that the encapsulated probiotics increased the viability of the bacteria in probiotic orange juice in comparison with their free form. The final numbers of probiotic bacteria in both free and encapsulated ones after twenty-five days of storage at 4 °C of orange juice were more than the minimum amount recommended for therapeutic effects on human health. During the storage phases, the results of colorimetric and Sensory evaluation of probiotic juice showed that encapsulate probiotic Bifidobacterium has a significant difference with not-capsulated one, where the capsulated one was better. Not-encapsulated probiotic significantly sowed a reduce pH in compare to the form of encapsulates bacteria. Bifidobacterium encapsulated form not only affecting physicochemical and sensory properties, did not improve the taste and increase shelf life of probiotic properties in compared with the free form during storage at 4 ° C for 25 days. Therefore, the use of alginate capsules / isolated whey can be a proper carrier for Bifidobacterium longum.

All welding processes are used with the aim of obtaining a welded joint with the desired weld-bead parameters, excellent mechanical properties with minimum distortion. The welding input parameters play a significant role in obtaining excellent mechanical properties with minimum distortion to get a desired weld bead parameters. Usually, the desired welding parameters are determined using traditional methods like welder’s experiences, charts and handbooks (preferred values) which are simple and inexpensive. But this does not ensure that the selected welding parameters result in satisfactory welding and this method is not applicable to new welding process. To achive desired weld bead parameters different models were developed to correlate input variables with output variables. Mathematical models to specify the relationship between the input variables and output parameters can be used for optimization. Design of Experiment (DoE) technique has been used to carry out such optimization. Computational network & evolutionary algorithms have also grown rapidly and been adapted for modeling and optimization of welding process parameters to achieve desired properties in the welded joint. In this paper a comprehensive literature review of the application of these techniques is presented. This review shows the correlation and modeling between the input welding process parameters and the output weldment characteristics. The paper also presents the optimization of the different welding processes through the mathematical models and evolutionary algorithm. The use of mathematical models and evolutionary algorithm for the optimization of the different welding processes is discussed in this paper.