Archives-J 

Metaphors are ubiquitous in language. When researching metaphor in everyday language, metaphor researchers firstly need to identify metaphor in everyday language. One way is that metaphor researchers turn to naturally-occurring language. The metaphoric language used in everyday language reveals the ideology of the specific historical period of society. In this respect, colour plays an important role in convention metaphorical expressions in people's lives and daily communication. As a sub-category of metaphors, colour terms are widely used literally and metaphorically in different languages and may also reflect cultural identities of language users. Taking cognitive linguistics into account (Lakoff & Johnson, 1999), the present study aimed to investigate the metaphorical link which accounts for connotative meanings that is ascribed to colour terms. To do so, we collected Persian instances from some Persian dictionaries. The findings of this endeavor show that cultural orientations play a significant role in colour connotations in Persian, and subsequently filtering the relevant connotations of a particular metaphor.

This paper is aimed to discuss cordial graphs in the context of middle graph of a graph. We present here cordial labeling for the middle graphs of path, crown, star and tadpole.

Customer loyalty has become one of the key factors for strong company competitiveness. It has become a matter of concern, for both managers and researchers. Despite the relatively abundant literature on loyalty in Marketing, the notion of loyalty appears to be ambiguous. Our paper proposes a new conceptualization and an attempt to measure the concept of loyalty using a “relational approach”. It apprehends loyalty through customers’ responses towards “critical incidents” in the context of customer-bank relationships. In our research, we represent “critical incidents" by a “punctual dissatisfaction” and a “higher degree of competitiveness offered by competitors”. We use the Structural Equation Model to analyze the survey data given from 729 respondents from banks in Tunisia. The results have revealed five dimensions of customer loyalty: “tolerance of punctual dissatisfaction”, “resistance to competitors’ persuasion”, “integrative negotiation and claims”, “negative word of mouth”, and “opportunism”.

We are very happy to announce that from 30th June 2018, Dr. Jaber Ibrahim Saleh Abu Shawish has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Language and Linguistics. Dr. Jaber Ibrahim Saleh Abu Shawish working as professor, Al-Quds Open University, Alwosta Branch. The appointment of Dr. Jaber Ibrahim Saleh Abu Shawish as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

DWe are very happy to announce that from 12th October 2017, Dr. Pankaj Sharma has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Mathematics. Dr. Pankaj Sharma working as Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mathematics, Noida International University, Gautam Budh Nagar, India. The appointment of Dr.Pankaj Sharma as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. 

In this work, radon concentration in the 22 air positions and 8 water samples of Neyshabur Turquoise (Firoozeh) mine has been measured with PRASSI system.
Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminum, with the chemical formula CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈+4H₂O. It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gem and ornamental stone for thousands of years because of its unique hue.
Radon is a radioactive gas with two radioisotopes- 220 and 222 mass number- has short decay half-life produced form ²³⁸U natural series and ²³²Th natural series. The radon gas can enter to the body via respiring, drinking and eating. The alpha emitted by this gas and other radiation emitted by its daughters increase the effective absorbed dose in respiratory and digestion systems.
We have measured and evaluated the effective radon dose rate from the air for the workers who cave in the mine effective dose per liter of drinking water samples. The result shows that the mean effective doses for air per hour and from water per liter are 1.2 ?Sv/h and 63 nSv/l, respectively.

The aim of this study was to determine the amount of input-output energy used in broiler production and to make an economic analysis for broiler production in different sizes of farms in Iran. Data were collected from 70 producers, using face to face questionnaire method in Ardabil province. The surveyed farms were classified into three groups of small (less than 15000bird), medium (15000 to 30000 bird) and large farms (more than 30000 bird). The results indicated the total average energy input and output of 154and 27 GJ (1000bird)-1, respectively. The highest share in energy consumption belonged to fuel (61%) followed by feed (35%) and electricity (3%). Also, the results showed that large farms use the least amount of total energy per 1000bird; while, the highest energy output was obtained from medium farms. The share of direct, indirect, renewable and non-renewable energies was 64.62%, 35.38%, 35.28% and 64.72% respectively. The average energy use ef?ciency and productivity were calculated 0.18 and 0.02 kg MJ-1, respectively. Cost analysis showed that total average cost of production was 3349 $ (1000bird)-1. The bene?t-cost ratio and productivity were 1.09 and 0.77 kg $-1, respectively. Mainly, the large farms had the highest energy ratio (0.21) and benefit to cost ratio (1.11); indicating a better management of energy and input consumptions in these farms.

Environment Pollution is assuming dangerous proportions all through the globe. This is the gift of modern living industrialization and urbanization. Transportation is a non-separable part of any society. It exhibits a very close relation to the style of life, the range and location of activities and the goods and services which will be available for consumption. Costs and benefits have mirror image relationship. A cost can be defined as a reduction in benefits and a benefit can be defined as a reduction in costs. Transportation benefits are often measured in terms reduced Transportation costs. Calculating costs is therefore the basis for calculating benefits. This paper deals with an Economic Order Quantity model (EOQ) which associates the vehicle cost, Damage cost, Parking cost, Environmental cost along with the costs of ordering, Purchasing and holding. This paper also investigates the attributing factors of the Environmental impacts which could be minimized to build a healthy society.

We have long used mechanical devices to compensate or physical disability, it may be possible to augmented mental capacity to add memory or carbon-based neural net 'wetware' brains-at a point in history, when we might be able to imprint the circuitry of the human brain using transistors on a silicon chip? Brain Chip-a direct interface between the biological information processing system of the brain and neurons system and the artificial information processing system of microprocessors and silicon electronics. The brain is a parallel processor. The colorful blue jay, I see flitting from tree to tree in my garden appears as a single image. But the brain divides what it sees into four component-color, motion, shape & depth. These are individually processed-at the same time-and compared to my stored memories. My brain combines all of these processes into one image, that's just vision aspect of a multiplexed moment of perception..- The human cortex has about 22 billion neurons and 220 trillion synapses. In this paper, we purpose to initiate ethics of implanting computer chip in the Brain and focuses on issues of manufacturing and scientific responsibility, anxieties about possible usage in children, and most troubling, issues of privacy and autonomy.

Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses in arid and semi-arid land of agriculture worldwide. This study was performed to evaluation of Drought stress on vegetative and reproductive characteristics of Zinnia elegans . Experimental design was CRD with 3 replication, At elongation stage, the plants were provided different degrees of drought stress: (1) mild drought with 65–70 % of the soil water capacity; (2) moderate drought with 45–65 % of the soil water content; (3) severe drought with 20–30 % of soil water capacity and; (4) control with 70 % of soil water capacity. Studied traits included: height, number of branches, stem diameter, leaf number, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, proline, total chlorophyll. Totally, our results showed that drought stress reduced all studied traits except proline, and by increasing of stress, reduction was increased but this trend was different for proline. Severe stress showed 54, 40, 40, 46, 48, 64, 34, 66 and 53% reduction for height, number of branches, stem diameter, leaf number, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight and total chlorophyll in compare to control, respectively.