Archives-December  

Handwritten digit recognition is challenging problem researchers had been research into this area for so long especially in the recent years. There are many fields concern with numbers e.g. checks in banks or recognizing numbers in car plates, the subject of digit recognition appears. The main objective is to recognize digits in different applications. E.g. different users had their own handwriting styles where the main challenge falls to let computer system understand these different styles and recognize them as standard writing. Neural network can be proving as an effective tool to solve such problem. Neural network uses various algorithms for learning and classification; such as Back Propagation Algorithm, feed forward etc.

The industrial arrangement and their basics are unprotected to hazardous environments and therefore behavior should be given a due consideration in the design and execution. Likewise are employed in design of the landfills as impermeable membranes in line for to their low permeability. Clay liners remove or limit the movement of leachate from the landfills. The landfills liners are unprotected to numerous chemical, biological and physical events, due to movement of leachate through them. The properties of pollutants on clays are multipart due primarily to exchange or nature of pore fluid. There are sum of mechanisms through which separate contaminants affect the engineering things. Including chemical reactions such as dissolution or precipitation and physic-chemical occurrences, disturbing intermolecular forces of water solutions. The compressive operative stress in liners, when applied during permeation may performance a key character in controlling the chemically induced changes in hydraulic conductivity and compressibility.

Bone is essentially a heterogeneous system consisting of water, mineral and collagen which determine the physical properties of bone composite material. The decrease in bone weight was dose dependent after treatment with all the two salts of metal i.e. NiNO3 and NiSO4. Bone provides essential framework and rigidity to the body. The toxic substances affect the development of bone by impairing the availability of essential nutrients resulting in abnormal bone development and toxicity. The impact of nickel toxicity on bone of mice has been studied histochemically (under light and electron microscope) by using two nickel salts . Histopathologically, the necrosis to layers of decalcified bone i.e. periosteum, matrix and endosteum was observed with all two salts. The bone forming cells, lamellae and Haversian canals were also affected. The cortical width of bone section decreased as the dose of salts increased. These changes were also observed on samples of powdered dried bone of all groups with SEM. These changes were dose dependent and of the same order as mentioned above. The toxicity of nickel salts was in the order of NiSO4 > NiNO3 .

The objective of this work was to provide an iconographic and narrative review of the normal and pathological aspects of the hippocampus of the elderly subject in imaging. Know how to perform a routine 1.5 Tesla MRI hippocampal study. Recognize the main hippocampal anomalies during degenerative, infectious, vascular, inflammatory, tumor, toxic and metabolic Take home message: interest of MRI in the study of the tonsil-hippocampal regions. Know the basics of the Anatomy of the Hippocampus and the Limbic System. Recognize the main hippocampal anomalies, during degenerative, infectious, vascular, inflammatory, tumor, toxic and metabolic summary The hippocampus is a small brain structure, internal temporal, playing a primary role in the mechanisms of memory. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice for the analysis of this structure. At the elderly, dementias represent the majority of causes of hippocampal abnormalities, especially atrophic, but other specific pathologies constitute differential diagnoses to be known in this population.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has now been used in all walks of lives and the introduction of this technology outside of Malaysia, especially in the developed countries has matured far more. Leaping towards this gap has made Malaysian leaders in the past saw the potential of ICT and the MSC project was the stepping stone to ensure that Malaysia will not be left out in this area with potential possibilities of changing the country’s economy. This viewpoint paper will discuss mostly on the human behavior and acceptance towards change to fulfill human capital. The importance of change is to ensure the organizational development is coping to business goal and competition. Challenges of human resource acceptance or rejections toward technology in general is somehow related to business goal, thus this paper will discuss the views from many research and articles related to the subject matter.

Modern shipping, with increased number of vessels, faster, more sophisticated, expensive, specialized, complex operation, governed by comprehensive rules and regulations as per national and international authorities, is a vital industry carrying 90% of world trade. Although modern technology and modern navigation equipments contributed more efficient marine transportation than before but injury and fatality statics indicate that shipping remains a high risk industry. This study outlines the classification, types and commonly prevalent errors in shipping operations. Study concludes that qualification, training and development of crew members as one of the key concerns in the effort to achieve higher safety standards aboard ship.

Wavelet transforms enable us to represent signals with a high degree of scarcity. Wavelet thresholding is a signal estimation technique that exploits the capabilities of wavelet transform for signal denoising. The aim of this paper is to study various thresholding techniques such as Sure Shrink, Visu-Shrink and Bayes Shrink and determine the best one for image denoising. This paper presents an overview of various threshold methods for image denoising. Wavelet transform based denoising techniques are of greater interest because of their performance over Fourier and other spatial domain techniques. Selection of optimal threshold is crucial since threshold value governs the performance of denoising algorithms. Hence it is required to tune the threshold parameter for better PSNR values. In this paper, we present various wavelet based shrinkage methods for optimal threshold selection for noise removal.

This study aims to clarify the implication of customer relationship management. Researches show contradictory findings of their studies from existing reality in relationship model domain. That is why researchers also suggested adding some more variables in trust-commitment model. This study is an effort to fill that gap by affixing some variables in different stages in trust-commitment model. Data analyzed by testing its validity through CFA. Proposed model analyzed using structural equation modeling technique on two different stages. The result has no contradiction between the findings and existing fact of customers. Satisfaction and communication influences the trust-commitment model and findings are realistic. That if customers properly communicated about the service in time, than satisfaction increases and relationship model gets strength. Moreover, positive result enhances the chances of more usage of the same service, which is expansion. First, this study unfolds a complete holistic trust-commitment model. Secondly, proposed and proved holistic model is simple and implementable in banking industry for the expansion of business. Thirdly, items of all variable validated in this region through latest technique confirmatory factor analysis.

The IRM strategy was devised for pest management in Bt and non-Bt cotton was implemented and evaluated in cotton growing villages of Warangal district in a Telangana state of India during the year 2015-16. The application of insecticides was moderate in IRM villages i.e, Kannaipally & Kanchanpally and the insecticide consumption was high in non IRM village i.e. Gabbeta. The whole crop season was divided into “4” window periods. The chemicals like Monocrotophos was given to the plants by stem application method in IRM villages. Stem application is employed as only less amount of insecticide is utilized, it doesn’t have any effect on the non target and other useful insects, and also there will be no spilling of the insecticide here and there. The number of insects per 3 leaves per plant reduced to a great extent in IRM villages. This eventually leads to more productivity and less cost of production in IRM villages than that of the non-IRM village. The Aphid, Jassid, Thrips and Whitefly population ranged 13.35, 0.82, 10.04 and 0.31/ 3 leaves in IRM villages while, it was 17.24, 1.04, 10.32 and 0.32/ 3 leaves in non –IRM village. The mean cost of sprayings was higher in non-IRM villages (Rs.3968) as compared to IRM villages (Rs.2301). Cotton yield was higher in IRM adopted villages (17.7 q/ha) as compared to non-IRM village (17.1 q/ha) and net profit per/ha was more in IRM villages (Rs.18, 910) than non-IRM villages (Rs.8,860). Farmers, by adopting IRM strategies realized higher net returns by saving in plant protection cost due to less number of insecticidal sprays and increased seed cotton yield.

The purpose of this of this research is twofold to investigate the impact of total quality management (TQM) practices & service quality on organizational performance and their effect on customer satisfaction (CS)and employee satisfaction(ES) .One chain of store named Hyper Star is selected to execute the objectives of the research. Data from 200 employees and 200 customers of the Hyperstar from Lahore, Pakistan is collected by Cross sectional survey by using structured questionnaire, the response is determined by using 5 item based likert scale. With the reliability of all the constructs more than 70%, Regression analysis reveals that TQM and SQ effect positively and significantly on OP, CS and ES.