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Combined discharge of domestic and tannery waste waters into streams or surface bodies has been witnessed in Vellore district in Tamil Nadu, India where the tannery processes are carried out at small-scale units. In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the treatability of combined domestic and tannery waste waters using lab-scale activated sludge reactor under extended aeration. Studies on the efficiency of the activated sludge reactors were carried out by varying the solids retention time of 8, 12 and 16 days with a various hydraulic retention time of 15, 20, 25 and 30 h with an organic loading rate varying from 1.61 to 3.32 kg COD/ m3 / day . The results showed that at the end of 30 h HRT at 16 days SRT with a lower F/M ratio of 0.08 kg BOD/kg MLSS, the maximum reduction of COD was observed to be from 2020 to 175 mg/L. From the bio-kinetic parameters estimation studies, the values of kinetic coefficients are obtained such as the half velocity substrate concentration (Ks), maximum specific growth rate (?max), yield coefficient (Y) , maximum substrate utilization rate (k) and decay coefficient (Kd) as 122 mg/L, 0.224 day-1, 0.539 mg MLSS/mg COD, 0.416 day-1 and 0.088 day-1. The study reveals that the combined domestic and tannery waste water is amenable for treatment using ASP, with treatment efficiency as high as 91% and the bio-kinetics arrived at better stability of the system and enhanced microbial activities at longer HRT and SRT. Also the design values suggest that the extended aeration system is the appropriate activated sludge treatment process for combined domestic and tannery waste water treatment.

The effect of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity of two dimensional flow of a micropolar fluid in a porous channel is investigated. The flow is driven by suction or injection at the channel walls and the micropolar model due to Erigen is used to describe the working fluid. An extension of Berman’s similarity transform is used to reduce the governing equations to get non-linear coupled differential equations. The equations governing the motion, angular momentum and energy are solved numerically by Runga-Kutta shooting technique. The graphs are plotted for velocity distribution, temperature distribution and microrotation distribution for various values of non-dimensional parameters. It is found that the effects of the parameters giving variable property of viscosity and thermal conductivity are significant.

One of the main challenges that the Government of Kenya faces in an effort to achieve Education For All (EFA) is poor girls’ participation in education. In spite of the government’s as well as its partners’ efforts and achievements in ensuring that girls participate in education, the prevailing disparities in the primary, secondary, and university levels in favour of boys are clear indications that there are still gaps to be filled and challenges to be met. There is clearly a need for concerted efforts to achieve higher participation of girls in education at all levels. This study visualized that a formal mentoring program can be a suitable intervention and further found it interesting to establish and report the girls’ perceptions on the suitability of formal mentoring in the enhancement of qualities that are linked to academic success. These girls had participated in a formal mentoring programme prior to this study.

The paper mainly calculates and analyzes the model of Iodine cycle in the human body. The model can be divided into two cases: when the parameter is not certain, it could analyze the deviation of content of iodine in the body and normal; when the parameter is certain, it makes the general form of solution and the method is general and practical.

Single-crystalline magnesium borate Mg2B2O5 nanowires in bundle form have been synthesized via a simple route based on heating a precursor powder made of aqueous solutions of magnesium chloride and de-sodium tetraborate with citric acid. The results show that each bundle composed of nanowires of high-purity with diameter of approximately ca. 90 nm and lengths up to a few micrometers. The effect of citric acid, the optimum experimental parameters and possible growth mechanism for the compound nanowires have been presented.

Hydrological modelling such as rainfall-runoff modeling and climate modelling is one of the most important and challenging task in the modern world. In general, climate, rainfall and runoff are highly non-linear and complicated phenomena, which require advanced computer modeling and simulation for their accurate prediction. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) can be used to predict the behavior of such nonlinear systems. ANN has been successfully used by most of the researchers in this field for the last twenty-five years. This paper provides a survey of available literature of some methodologies employed by different researchers to utilize ANN for rainfall-runoff and climate change prediction. The survey also reports that such hydrological modelling using ANN technique is more suitable than traditional statistical and numerical methods.

This paper presents a new approach to the Automatic detection and classification of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is of huge importance for diagnosis of cardiac abnormalities. A method is proposed here to classify different cardiac abnormalities like Ventricular Arrythmias, Myocardial infarction,Myocardial hypertrophy and Valvular heart disease. Support Vector Machine (SVM) has been used to classify the patterns inherent in the features extracted through Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) of different ECG signals. CWT allows a time domain signal to be transformed into time-frequency domain such that frequency characteristics and the location of particular features in a time series may be highlighted simultaneously. Thus it allows accurate extraction of feature from non-stationary signals like ECG. Then the support vector machine (SVM) with Gaussian kernel is used to classify different ECG heart rhythm. In the present work, SVM in regression mode has been successfully applied for the classification of cardiac abnormalities with good diagnostic accuracy.

The study assessed the effectiveness of support structures available to orphans in rural communities of Ibadan South East Local government area of Oyo state, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique comprising of probability and non-probability sampling methods was used to select one hundred and twenty orphans from 10 rural communities of the local government. The main findings of the study show that the mean age of the orphans is 16.6 years with close to two-third (63.33%) being females. Seventy five percent had no formal education while 90% were not schooling; they receive a mean income of less than N80 per day. The respondents as one of the adjustment strategies are engaged in one agricultural economic activities or the other with higher proportion (67.50%) into food processing. About 16.67% do not engage in any non-agricultural activity while majority (38.33%) of them is into trading. Most of the orphans have been exposed to abuses such as maltreatment, rape, discrimination and street hawking with 81.67% of them exposed to more than one of the abuses. The feeling of inferiority complex is the most common condition under which the orphans live. Food, clothing and education were the only support structures available to orphans that are effective as revealed by the study. Due to the ineffectiveness of the support structures in the study area, all orphans involved in this study were found to be involved in at least one agricultural activity, most especially, in food processing.

English language anxiety and interest are considered as two important affective variables which are highly correlated to foreign language learning. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the English language anxiety, English language interest and English language achievement. The sample size comprised of 97 undergraduate students of BS Computer Sciences, Telecom engineering and Computer engineering program. The Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regressions are used to analyze the data. The results revealed that English language anxiety has significant negative correlation with English language interest and English language achievement. It is also found that English language interest and English language achievement has significant positive correlation. It has been observed that mostly males have less English language anxiety and more English language interest as compared to females. The rate of anxiety in females has significant negative relationship with achievement. The study reveals that the performance of the students of in English language is influenced by the English language anxiety.

Land use and land cover change play a pivotal role in global environmental change. They contribute significantly to earth-atmosphere interactions and biodiversity loss, are major factors in sustainable development and human responses to global change, and are important for integrated modeling and assessment of environmental issues in general The land cover map and land use map can be produced by field research and observation and interpretation of the large scale aerial pictures, but both of them are time and cost consuming. The main advantage of satellite images is that the classification is able to be repeatedly performed by simultaneous usage of multiple images during a short time. Applying the satellite data is a proper way in order to producing the land cover map and monitoring it especially in the vast geographical regions. The iterative self organizing data analysis technique (isodata) method used a set of rule-of-thumb procedures. Many of the steps used in the algorithm are based on the experience obtained through experimentation. According to evaluate signature file the optimal number of classes is 11.after determining of best classified NDVI map processed of spot NDVI maps for a new set of the hyper temporal. Drawinggraphs of mean digital number help to us for determined kind of classes. According to the graph of the spectral behavior of each class and fieldwork were determined land covers types. The optimum numbers of classes are 11 classes in the case study region based on the divergence of a minimum of separability. Spectral behavior shows the highest mean digital number in 11th class that starts in the spring season and finish in winter. First to fifth class has spectral behavior to each other. Mean of digital number of different years not same each other years and have different actions.