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The study aimed at examining the perception of organizational commitment of women working on leadership positions in Saudi Arabia, The three dimensions of organizational commitment including affective, continuance and normative commitment were looked at. The influence of demographic factors including age, experience, qualification, level of income and marital status on the organizational commitment was studied. It was a descriptive correlational study in which organizational commitment Questionnaire-OCQ was used to collect data. The study found that the level of women leaders’ organizational commitment was high with continuance commitment as the strongest form. Demographic variables of age, experience and income significantly influenced the organizational commitment of women leaders. This study is significant because of the insights it provides for the management to better understand the nature of organizational commitment of women leaders and develops an understanding of the commitment process to promote it among them in Saudi Arabia

The study examined previous studies on the relationship between board dynamics (structure, composition, diversity) and corporate performances, the results of the investigations revealed mixed findings on the relationship between board variables and corporate performance, some studies established evidence of significant positive relation while others discovered neutral and or negative relationship. Therefore the conflicting results discovered may be due to differences in corporate governance practice found in different countries.

This paper presents power flow analysis of radial and meshed distribution systems taking into consideration of uncertain variations in load and line parameters. Interval arithmetic technique is used to model the power flow equations of distribution system to obtain the bus voltages and line active and reactive power flows. INTLAB Toolbox [14] is used to obtain the Hull of voltage profiles, line active and reactive power flows and line losses. Here we have studied the case of voltage profile, which is the key factor in deciding the active and reactive power flows in each line. The developed algorithm has been studied by considering Radial Distribution test systems of 15-Bus, 30-Bus, 33-Bus and 69-Bus available in the literature. The authors have verified the results obtained by the respective test systems with the developed algorithm for base case load and line data. The developed algorithm is easily modifiable to study the weakly meshed distribution system and this has been demonstrated for 33-Bus and 69-Bus test systems for which the Hull voltage profiles have been presented.

SamuelBarclay Beckett, born near Dublin, took a degree at Trinity College (Dublin's Protestant University), but then went abroad and settled for good in Paris in 1937. He has lived in Paris ever since (Abrams, 1962). He wrote Footfalls in 1975. During the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, no one's critical theory of writing dominated feminist criticism because feminist theory and criticism highlighted the personal allowing for diverse theories and approaches to textual analysis. According to Showalter, American feminism at that time was essentially textual; stressing repression, British feminism was essentially Marxist, stressing oppression; and French feminism was essentially psychoanalytic; stressing repression. (Bressler, 2007) By taking a biographical approach and analysing his mysterious "Footfalls", the main aim of this study is to provide well supported reasons that Beckett is a real psychoanalyst in Feminism. 

An investigation was conducted to assess the concentration of heavy metals in sediments in four selected locations along Lagos lagoon comprising Iddo, Makoko, Okobaba and Epe zones and correlate the effect of metal concentrations on benthic microbial population vis a vis the open water bacterial population. Physico-chemical analysis revealed that the pH was generally alkaline for all zones with the sediments and areas along the shoreline being higher. The concentration of lead, Iron and Nickel was more in Makoko. Zinc was more concentrated in Iddo, while the value for copper was more in Okobaba sediments. ANOVA analysis shows that mean measurements for all metals across the four locations for sample A, (0.184) and sample B (0.548) had no significant difference at 95% level of significance. For organic nutrients, ANOVA also showed no significant difference for sample A, (0.190) but significant difference for sample B (0.026) across the four areas at 95% significance. The benthic microbial population (bacteria, coliform and fungi) was less than that of surface water. Okobaba had the highest bacterial mean cfu/ml for water and sediment and highest fungal mean cfu/ml for water and sediment while the mean cfu value for coliform is highest in Iddo for water and sediment. The microorganisms isolated and identified were among others Pseudomonas putida, Citrobacter koseri, Escerichia coli, Enterobacter agglomerans, Neurospora sitophila, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp. The presence of high heavy metals concentrations in sediments and the high nutrient levels increased the BOD and pH thereby reducing the population of benthic microorganisms in the sediments showing that there is high pollution. Heavy metals are of public health significance and pose a threat to the survival of both humans and aquatic life.

Apart from soluble and insoluble pool of glycogen ethanol also affects the third pool of glycogen present at the cell surface level of yeast. ?-glucans which play an important role in the process of yeast flocculation also contribute to this third pool of glycogen in yeast cells as confirmed by amyloglucosidase treatment. Cells grown in the presence of ethanol exhibit higher amount of surface ?-glucans indicating the role of ethanol in enhancing flocculation in yeast. Addition of Ca2+ as well as both Ca2+ and ethanol collectively to yeast culture medium exhibits both increase in cell wall bound insoluble glycogen content and surface ?-glucans. Ethanol action on yeast cells also exhibits rise in the content of cell surface glycoprotein which includes glucomannoproteins and galactomannoproteins present in the outer layer of cell wall. Thus yeast cells exhibit increase in the level of cell wall bound insoluble glycogen, surface ?-glucansas well as surface glycoprotein as a protective measure against ethanol stress. Thus both Ca2+ and ethanol enhance flocculation in yeast cells where the level of flocculence is correlated with the cell surface ?-glucans.

This paper is examined the brunt of private enterprises expenditures in economic growth in Nepal which is well understood and recognised. However, most of the theoretical and empirical research on determining this role has focused on the impact of public investments, implicitly pretentious that recurrent expenditure of the government is more or less irrelevant from the standpoint of economic growth. Using Nepali data, this study not only reiterates the positive impact of public expenditure on economic activity but also highlights that primary recurrent expenditure is about as much important as public investment in enhancing economic activity. This is perhaps because in Nepal government’s development expenditure has more inherent inefficiencies than recurrent expenditures, as prolonged fiscal adversity has stripped that latter to “bare bones” to contain large inefficiencies. However, this also implies that simply creating structures and infrastructure is not enough to accelerate economic growth. Each structure has to be adequately financed for its operation and maintenance to give optimum results, which is done from recurrent spending. As such, this study points to a rethink on the role of private expenditure and its impact on growth, especially the composition of expenditure also.

Intelligent driver systems and vehicle connectivity have made systems like RFID based traffic control systems, automatic collision notification obsolete. In addition to collision notification, cooperative collision avoidance and other applications using connectivity between the vehicle and signalized intersections have emerged. Applications avoiding collisions, enhancing fuel economy and reducing greenhouse gases (GHG) are the subject of this paper. The interaction between vehicle and traffic management systems could revolutionize the traffic problems of a crowded metropolitan city. This paper will employ connectivity as an enabling technology for sustaining the vision of smart and green transportation systems.

ABSTRACT Background The Acquired Immune-deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is principally a sexually transmitted disease. Medical scientists agree that Human Immune-deficiency virus (HIV) cause the syndrome. Currently, 80% of HIV positive people in Africa acquired it through sexual intercourse. Ten percent are infected through blood transfusion donated by HIV positive people, and 10% through contact of blood in circulation system with HIV contaminated objects like shaving blades, injection needles and other objects used in piercing the body for medical, cosmetic and other purpose 1.The new face of Human Immune Virus (HIV)/ Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has earned it a recognition as a social problem due to the associated devastating social and cultural consequences on the individual and the society at large. As such, the pandemic needs to be given adequate social and cultural exploration for the purpose of designing effective prevention programmes. This becomes important, as there may be cultural variations that need to be understood before an effective programme could be designed. Objectives: The main objective of the review was to determine the socio-cultural factors associated with HIV/AIDS transmission. Methods: The review was conducted using PEN-3 Cultural model as a guide, electronic search of published literature using Pub Med database, Medline and data collected from national HIV sero-prevalence sentinel survey 2010. The bulk of the secondary data used in this review was also sourced from the reports of the Federal Ministry of Health, National Agency for the Control AIDS and the National Population Commission of Nigeria. Results: The findings of this review highlighted that gender inequalities, polygamous marriage, early marriage, widow inheritance, multiple sexual practices, alcohol/drug, harmful cultural/traditional practices, stigma and taboo influence HIV/AIDS prevalence in Nigeria. Data from the national sentinel survey was used to produce various graphs to show the trend of HIV/AIDS at national level, state level, urban and rural areas and various age groups. Conclusion: In conclusion HIV/AIDS is a social problem associated with human development process, thus solutions to the problem should focus on the entire development of the society. Necessary to understand are various socio cultural factors of HIV/AIDS highlighted with the view of educating the people.

Stock price forecasting is a prominent phenomenon for investors and other financial information users. Indeed, stock price prediction has been regarded as an interesting yet challenging process in the advanced world of business. Various economical or non economical factors have effected on stock market behavior, hence stock price forecasting is recognized as one of the most complicated subjects in business. In past, statistic-based methods were suggested to solve this problem. In recent decade, nonlinear based fuzzy time series models methods, artificial neural networks, fuzzy neural networks and combined prediction models have been recommended. There have been permanent debates about different methods of forecasting precision among those authors who selected artificial intelligence in forecasting. Therefore comparative analyses are crucial. This study by applying neural networks and minimizing stock price forecasting error designs and provides stock price forecasting model, in comparison to combined artificial neural networks technique. Results show that the combined neural network model forecasts more appropriately and is faster with higher estimation capability in stock price forecasting in relation to single neural networks.