Archives-December 2015

The present study deals about to assess the rainfall variation during 1999 to 2014 in Salem district, South India, which makes to understand the rainfall fluctuation over a period of 16 years differences. Precipitation pattern analysis is very essential for the forecasting of any regions like agriculture or hazards. The analysis results shows that the mean winter season has contributed only 1%, summer season 19%, SW season 41% and NE season 39% of rainfall. The average rainfall in the study area is 829mm from 1999 to 2014. IDW has been used for prepare the spatial distribution maps.

Ground water is an important resource of water. However, over exploitation has affected the groundwater quality and quantity. Assessing the ground water potential zone is very important for the protection of water and management of groundwater system. Recent trends are showing the systematic planning to stop the over exploitation of groundwater and shrinking natural resources. Geo-spatial technology is very useful to study about the groundwater in detail. In the present study delineate the possible groundwater potential zones in the Salem district using geo-spatial technology. The thematic layers considered in this present study, which are geomorphology, drainage density, lineament density. These thematic layers are integrated for identify the groundwater potential zone. Therefore, five different groundwater potential zones were identified, which are very good, good, moderate, poor and very poor. Finally, it concluded that the Geo-spatial technology is very efficient and useful for the identification of groundwater potential zones.

Streptococcus pyogenes infections have increased significantly in the last few decades. This increase in the infection rate is primarily due to development of resistance against macrolides and tetracyclines. A total of 250 pharyngeal swab samples were collected during four months time period. Samples were divided in to four groups; age group 1-4 years, 5-12years, 13-18 years and ?18 years. Isolates obtained were run for the evaluation of antibiotic resistance against ten antibiotics by using Kirby-Bauer's method/disc diffusion method. Out of 250 samples, 71 were confirmed as S. pyogenes. The prevalence of GAS pharyngitis in different age groups was; 16.0% in age group 1-4 years, 48.8% in age group 5-12 years, 14.8% in age group 13-18 years and 20.4% in age group ?18 years. All the isolates were completely sensitive to penicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone and vancomycin whereas erythromycin, azithromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin, cholarmphenicol and levofloxacin resistance was recorded as 42.42%, 39.43%, 54.92%, 4.22%, 14.08% and 1.40% respectively. Data suggested that GAS pharyngitis was most prevalent in the age group 5-12 years and S. pyogenes was completely sensitive to penicillins and other cell wall synthesis inhibitors. However, higher resistance rates against macrolides (erythromycin and azithromycin) present an alarming situation in Pakistani population.

Quantum dots (QDs) are nanoparticles that have attracted widespread interest in medicine, drug delivery and imaging in living animals due to their unique electronic and optical properties. QDs with Bioconjugated have been introduced for imaging and targeting in living molecular cells, animal models and also in humans. Present efforts are focused on exploring the massive multiplexing capabilities of the QDs for Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), drug delivery and in addition biocompatibility, bioconjugation and biotoxicity of QDs are also analyzed and discussed. These advances in the QD technology have unraveled a great deal of information about the molecular events in tumor cells and early diagnosis treatment.

Carbon nanotubes fluorescence in a region of the near-infrared, where human tissue and biological fluids are particularly transparent to their emission, but especially in the last decade it has attracted scientific and economic interest triggered by a rapid increase in response to specific biomolecules. A suitable scheme to conjugate the drug and the nanotube is required to make CNTs into viable delivery vehicles. In this present work, multi walled carbon nanotube decorated with titanium dioxide (TiO2-MWNTs) particles have been synthesized and employed as acceptor type materials in organic bulk heterojunction. The donor type material employed in the blend was regioregular poly (3-Octyl Thiophene) (RR-P3OT). X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterized and analyzed.

In school, there are many students who struggle with mathematics tests. They seem to understand mathematics concepts but when it comes to tests, they often fail almost in every test. They will make mistakes or seem to forget everything they have been taught. The objective of this study was set to establish effect of test anxiety on students’ number of errors in mathematics. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The study aimed at collecting information from students’ on their perception and opinion in relation to factors that causes errors in mathematics in Keiyo North, Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya. The target population composed of all Form 2 and 3 students’ drawn from 21 public secondary schools in Keiyo North, Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya. A sample of 237 Form 2 and 3 was selected by simple random sampling. Data was collected by a student’s questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques which are frequencies, mean, standard deviation. The study recommends that students should seek assistance where they experience difficulty so as to reduce test anxiety during tests which makes them commit errors. It is necessary for students to avoid missing lessons so as to master the concepts in Mathematics and reduce the number of errors. As a result, it is imperative for schools to avail revision text books to students and is utmost necessary for students to do their homework assignments and work the tasks before looking at the solutions.

The Fourier-Finite Mellin transform is a variant of the Fourier transform; however, it certainly does not have as glorious or as predominant a history as the Fourier transform. This Fourier-Finite Mellin transform is used to correct various optical distortions, including noise in lenses, it is also used in radar classification of ships. Theoretically, the Fourier-Finite Mellin transform should provide a truly translation, rotation and scale invariant measure of an image. Fourier-Finite Mellin transform is frequently used in content-based image retrieval and digital image watermarking.The Object of the present paper is to prove an Inversion theorem for distributional Fourier-Finite Mellin transform with the help of two lemmas which are also given in this paper.

Condensation of ethyl acetoacetate 2 with thiosemicarbazide 1a gave hydrazone derivative 4 not pyrazolone 5. Pyrazolone 5 can be obtained by treatment of 4 with 5 % sodium hydroxide in ethanol. Reactions of 4 with phencyl bromide, aryl diazonium chloride , arylidene malononitrile afforded pyrazole derivatives 6, 7 and pyranopyrazole 8 respectively. Also, treatment of 4 with dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal (DMFDMA) gave compound 11 not 9 nor 10. Reactions of pyrazole derivatives 6 with arylidene malononitrile afforded condensed compound 15 which was obtained by reaction with aromatic aldehydes. While reaction of 6 with DMFDMA gave the corresponding enamine 16.

Distribution theory is powerful tool for dealing with pseudo-functions including impulsive phenomena, absolutely divergent integrals and their Fourier transforms. A new theory of generalized functions which is an extension of classical theory of distributions has been introduced and various properties have been generalized. The purpose of this paper is two dimensional fractional cosine transform is extended in the distributional generalized sense. Operators on the testing function E and its dual space E^* are obtained.

Single crystals of potassium acid phthalate (KAP), a semi organic crystal have been grown from aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique by adding non essential, semi essential and essential amino acids L-cystine (CY), histidine (HI) and L-lysine(LY) as additives. Powder X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the phase formation and amino acids doping into KAP crystals. Optical absorption studies reveal that all the doped crystals possess higher absorption of visible ray than pure KAP crystals. Optical transmission is found to be low in case of LY doped KAP than all the other crystals. TG-DTA studies show the onset decomposition temperatures to be 255, 260, 247 and 230?C for pure, CY, HI and LY doped KAP crystals respectively. All crystals show SHG efficiency. 8.6mV, 6.8mV, 8.6mV and 5.5mV for (28mV for KDP) pure, CY, HI and LY doped KAP crystal. Grown crystals were subjected to FTIR, microhardness and dielectric studies. Key words: A. Optical materials; B. Crystal growth; C. Infrared spectroscopy; C. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA); C. X-ray diffraction; D. Dielectric properties; E. NLO and microhardness. a*Corresponding author:Email: wkum62@gmail.com,Tel: + 91 9566891852,