Mechanical Engineering

In the world, day to day increases consumption of energy with increase the production rate of automobile. With the current consumption rate if it has been quoted that there will be great shortage of petroleum products in upcoming decades. For this reason research is going on alternative fuels. It is better to develop the engine which can work on bio diesel and one can add methanol in the bio diesel and use the blends of that. For this purpose, it is necessary to check the performance characteristics of the blends with the conventional diesel fuels.In this investigation, rice bran methyl ester was used in four stroke, single cylinder variable compression ratio type diesel engine. Tests were carried out at different injection pressures with various blends of rice bran methyl ester. The results proved that the use of bio diesel (produced from rice bran oil) in compression ignition engine is a viable alternative to diesel.

Classical reliability based design procedures require tedious calculations and time consuming. The goal of reliability of mechanical component adequately performs its intended function when operating under specified environmental conditions. Mechanical component design by safety factors using nominal values without considering uncertainties may lead to designs that are unsafe, or too conservative and thus not efficient. Design of a hollow shaft is one of complex and time consuming design procedure. This paper presents development of mathematical models to predict the outer diameter of a typical hollow shaft. This paper presents unique method to investigate engineering problem, its analysis, mathematical modeling and optimization with the help of RSM-response surface methodology and design of experiments (DOE). Response surface methodology, which is a statistical approach of design of experiments, is being applied with combined probabilistic design to optimize the design responses in the case of simultaneous variations of its design parameters. The technique is proved to be efficient and general purpose modeling a variety of components.

In this paper, some engineering properties of sugar cane stalk are determined. For this purpose, two varieties of sugar cane including L310 and L820 varieties with average moisture contents of 76.4 and 73.8% wet basis, respectively, were used. The experiments were conducted at ten internode positions down from the flower for both varieties. Based on the results obtained, the averages of stalk’s diameter, cross-section area and second moment of area of L310 variety were higher than those of L820 variety, while the average of stalk’s length of L820 variety was higher than that of L310 variety. The internode position had no significant effect on the shearing and bending properties of both varieties. Furthermore, there was significant difference between the two varieties in the case of Young’s modulus, while there was not any difference in the case of shear strength, specific shearing energy and bending strength. The average of Young’s modulus of L820 variety was significantly higher than that of L310 variety. The mean values of shear strength, specific shearing energy, bending strength, and Young’s modulus of L310 and L820 varieties were obtained as 4.92 and 5.25 MPa, 53.36 and 57.35 mJ mm^-2,  9.58 and 9.20 MPa, and 18.81 and 24.50 MPa, respectively.

Pneumatic applications are increasing day to day. Nowadays most of the systems are rehabilitated into Pneumatic. This is due to the speed, accuracy and safety of Pneumatic systems, when compared to the rest. Till date the rubber stamping is done manually. It is for the reason that the content, size and shape of Rubber stamp may vary depending on the particular application. But no research is carried out for large measure of similar rubber stamping. In order to save the man power and to reduce the processing time the Pneumatic Rubber Stamping Machine is designed and fabricated.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the optimum operating temperature of a compression ignition (CI) engine that will operate with the minimum level of exhaust emissions. The blends of jatropha with diesel in varying proportions (B10, B20 and B40) are prepared and are investigated in CI engine test rig. The result of engine emissions like CO2, CO, HC and NOx of pure diesel and biodiesel and their blends are shown by various graphical representations with respect to the engine coolant temperature at different engine loads. From the present study, it can be inferred that it is preferable to operate the engine at temperature 65?C-80?C.

In this paper, numerical performance analysis of jet compressor’s has been carried out using irreversibility characteristics. The various losses that occur in different regions of jet compressor have been quantified and an attempt has been made to increase the efficiency of jet compressor by reducing the losses based on minimization of entropy method. In the present work, new technique has been identified to minimise the momentum difference between the motive and the propelled fluid. This was carried out by forcing the propelled stream using a blower. The geometrical design parameters were obtained by solving the set of governing equations, a CFD package; FLUENT and it has been effectively used to evaluate the optimum entrainment ratio for a given set of operating conditions.

Two step austempering of ductile produces unique microstructure with excellent properties like high strength, toughness, good wear resistance, machinability at low cost. ADI primarily used in high stress machine parts, gears, crankshafts. Attempt is made to study the effect of austempering time and temperature on tensile behavior of ADI. ADI yielded from two step austempering process higher ultimate yield strength with almost no change in ductility. Mode of fracture changes from brittle to ductile with increased austempering time.

Methods of design and built become new invention of Outcome Based Education (OBE) at Politeknik Kota Bharu (PKB). This paper prefer to the process of development Bicycle Chopper Hybrid (BCH) with Project Based Online Learning (PBOL) match with OBE that implemented at PKB. The Project Based Online Learning (PBOL) was implemented based on online learning management system call eSOLMS for this project development. This process related with engineering survey, planning, design and development of BCH by using sophisticated technology combination with mechanical machines at inside/outside of workshops at Politeknik Kota Bharu (PKB). The concept of Hybrid vehicle become the new innovation ideas for outcome based project 2012. The product of BCH generate with the power of 1400 rpm motor's to mobilize this vehicle machine. The use of coupling and chain extension as its power mechanism make this project function properly. The testing data’s of product BCH was carry out on Mac 2012 shows that the movement of Bicycle Hybrid Chopper is between 30 till 50 km/h. This speed is safe to ride for a people. In addition, the battery using can function for 3 hours journey. Distance can be traveled is between 10 km depending on battery power. Power Inverter playing role to convert DC current from the battery to AC current turn on. The cost of RM1000.00 for BCH product manufacture is a significant low cost factor of its new creation. This invention shows the effective of Project Based Online Learning (PBOL) implementation match with OBE needs. Hopefully this concept of Project Based online learning become next invention of Project Based Mobile Learning (PBML) of engineering student project development at Polytechnics & Community College, Malaysia.

This paper will deal with the developed wing for the Flying Bike in order to provide the maximum lift in a short takeoff and also to maintain the coefficient of lift for smooth landing, for this the development is carried out with the NACA 4 Digit Airfoil series concept on considering Flat Bottom Airfoil as already in use for sail planes and A-18 Airfoil for Small wind turbines, which have significant results on various models of airfoil but the appropriate one is to be chosen among the symmetrical and flat bottomed airfoil for the best flying concept with minimum drag and maximum speed in air. Also we find airfoil everywhere like in wings, tail surfaces (vertical fin and horizontal stabilizer), Propellers and turbofans, helicopters rotors, compressors and turbines, wind turbines, hydrofoils wing like devices which can lift the water boat above water.

The aim of the present work is to study the effect of laser shock peening (LSP) on fatigue life of aluminum alloy (3003-H18) by using different (LSP), single spot, 2-spots with 50% overlap and 3-spots 100% full overlap on the surface to be treated. The effect of laser shock peening (LSP) on the fatigue life were investigated with constant amplitude stress at stress ratio R=-1 at room temperature. The results showed that the fatigue life increment over the life of samples without (LSP) in range (12%) for 1-spot LSP, (18%) for 2-spors LSP and (77%) for 3-spots LSP for aluminum alloy 3003-H18 at 100MPa amplitude stress. Also the results show that the highest fatigue strength was for samples with 3-spots LSP.