Electrical and Electronics

A Novel type of analog divider is described. The circuit enables division of a dc voltage with another dc voltage. The constant of division is dependent upon two resistor values. Employing precision resistors, an acceptable level of accuracy can be obtained in the division. Verification of the feasibility of the circuit configurations are established by way of test results on a proto type.

From time to time, there is the need for a survey of different forms of computer services delivery. Personal Cloud computing is a technology which satisfies customers dynamic resource demands and makes the job easier to work on all platforms for the user. Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the Internet. Security is the main criteria when working on cloud, as the third party involvement will always be there. It is therefore recommended in this paper that secure architecture should be used to provide services through the cloud. The extensive use of virtualization in implementing cloud infrastructure brings unique security concerns for customers or tenants of a personal cloud service. It is observed that virtualization alters the relationship between the OS and underlying hardware -be it computing, storage or even networking. Hence, identified methods show how to overcome the security issues of the cloud.

Cognitive Radio (CR) is an imaginative innovation that goes for huge upgrades in productivity of range utilization. CR will change the way the radio range is managed, additionally requires new empowering technique s, for example, enhanced range detecting and element range task. Cognitive radio (CR) systems are shrewd systems that can naturally sense the earth and adjust the correspondence parameters in like manner. These sort of systems have applications in element range get to, conjunction of different remote systems, obstruction administration. They are touted to drive the up and coming era of gadgets and applications. Noticeably, the subjective radio system worldview postures numerous new specialized difficulties in convention outlines, control effectiveness, range administration, range recognition, environment awareness, new circulated calculation point, conveyed range estimations, Quality of administrations certifications, and security. Conquering these issues turns out to be considerably all the more difficult because of non-uniform range and other radio asset designation plans, monetary contemplations, the inborn transmission debilitations of remote connections, and client portability. Psychological radio is a rising innovation that empowers the adaptable improvement and arrangement of profoundly versatile radios that are based upon programming characterized radio innovation. Psychological radio has been considered as a key innovation for future remote interchanges and portable figuring. We see that the subjective radios can shape Cognitive radio systems (CRN) by extending the radio connection elements to network layer capacities or more.

Software Engineering upholds the productivity of quality software products that meets the customer requirements. Requirements engineering ensures the customer satisfaction through the selection of requirements through elicitation processes. Requirement elicitation promotes prioritizing a set of requirements that enables the stakeholders for conformance to the requirements to be built. Requirement prioritization process solves critical decision making problems towards the selection of requirements among group of inappropriate requirements. The main objective of the comparison of the prioritization techniques concludes the differences between them in terms of cost and time. This paper compares and elaborates the prioritization technique that provides a deep study of their constraints, objectives and selection basis of the requirements.

Constant Instantaneous Power Control technique for extracting reference currents for shunt active power filters has been assessed for 400Hz aircraft electric power system. Thereafter, its performance has been compared when optimized using fuzzy logic control. Critical analysis of Comparisons of the compensation ability of these two techniques based on THD and compensation time will be done and suggestions will be given for the selection of best technique to be used. The simulated results using MATLAB model are presented. That will prove the importance of the proposed control method of aircraft shunt SAF in aviation industry.

A single feed compact rectangular microstrip antenna is presented in this paper. L & H slits are introduced on the edge of the patch to study the effect of the slit on radiation behavior with respect to a conventional microstrip patch. The resonant frequencies are obtained at 2.21, 2.4, 4.36 & 6.41 GHz with corresponding bandwidth 15.18 MHz, 11.85 MHz, 15.14 MHz, 78.91 MHz and return loss of about -23.62, -13.58, -11.46 & -15.65 dB respectively. The antenna has been reduced by 61% when compared to a conventional rectangular microstrip patch. The characteristics of the designed structure are investigated by using MoM based electromagnetic solver, IE3D.

Now in a days, there is a vast use of images in many applications. Today duplication of any digital items or multimedia have become very easy task. So digital image watermarking technique becomes the best solution for the protection of illicit operation. In this technique some kind of secret data is embedded to the cover image and this information is used for the authentication purpose. In this paper a combined DCT-DWT based watermarking algorithm is proposed in which the secret data is hidden to the lower frequency band of the cover image.

Monitoring technology has advanced dramatically in recent years in various locations, both urban and rural. The Internet of Things (IoT) enables the remote control and collecting of data from sensors for their subsequence analysis. Thus, LiFi was proposed as an enabling technology for IoT in indoor environments. This enables the supermarket automation through the use of IoT topology. However, the absence of mutual trust can create a barrier to implementation. To conduct cryptocurrency transactions, blockchain technology has been widely employed. It has recently shown to be effective in establishing confidence in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain. This paper offered a method for integrating IoT features into supply chains. While strengthening the security of IoT-based supply chain management, our suggested architecture streamlines data sharing and decreases computational, storage, and latency needs.

The need for mobile communications computing and net-working has turn out to be important more than ever. With the increasing demand for low cost and high integration of wireless transceiver building blocks, the low power is a great concern for Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC) designers. Exhaustive exertion has been made to advance RF integrated circuits and systems in the GHz range using CMOS process in low cost. Frequency Synthe-sizer that includes Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) is a signifi-cant block of the transceiver this generates carrier for the down-conversion/up-conversion operations. Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO) and High Frequency Divider (HFD) decides the channel selection of frequency synthesiz-er and power consumption. This work presents the design of 2.4/5.4 GHz CMOS Frequency Synthesizer for 2.3/3.5 MHz resolution with 32/33 divider circuit. The Frequency Syn-thesizer circuits are designed in 180nm CMOS process technology using Virtuoso of Cadence tools.