Archives-June 2013

Digitisation had a profound effect on creation, reproduction and dissemination of works protected by copyright. Works in digital format are vulnerable to infringement, and technological protection measures are accordingly applied as protection. Technological protection measures can, however, easily be circumvented and additional legal protection against circumvention was needed. In response, law makers at both the international and national level have enacted legal provisions aimed at banning the act of circumvention of technological protection measures on the one hand and the production and dissemination of circumvention tools on the other hand. Prominent examples of such legislation, among others, are the WIPO Internet Treaties, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, and the European Information Society Directive. The recently enacted 2012 Amendments have harmonized the Indian Copyright law with WIPO Internet Treaties with respect to legal protection of technological protection measures. Against this background, this article attempts to critical analyse the existing legal framework for protection of technological measures at national and international levels. It also stresses the need for international harmonisation of copyright law for its efficient enforcement in digital environment.

Studies show that the number of debris in Low Earth Orbit is exponentially growing despite future debris release mitigation measures considered. Especially, an already existing population of small and medium debris is a concrete threat to operational satellites. Ground based DF-laser and space based Nd YAG-laser solutions which can remove at low expense and in a non-destructive way hazardous debris around selected space assets appear as a highly promising answer.

Geothermal energy can be used for power generation using thermocouple. In this technology the emission of greenhouse gases has been minimized to zero as compared to 5-7% in geothermal energy by drilling method. The chances of occurring earthquake in thermocouple are limited as compared to drilling method. The results indicate that the temperature ranges from 80-90 0C during the experiment performed under the laboratory condition. It is equal to the approximation recordings from the geo-thermal natural springs. Down fall observed in-between the noon time for the output voltage this is due to rise in the surrounding temperature cause the effects on the performance of the heat sink used. During the noon the mean temperature of the surrounding increase to 40-50 0C, hence mean temperature difference between the source and sink decrease which further causing decrease in the output voltage.

The concept of quality of life is very broad and dynamic. We can find several definitions for this term in literature, but all of them take physical, cultural, social and environmental conditions into consideration (C.S. Peranambuco et al. 2012). World Health Organization (WHO) defines quality of life as an individual’s perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns. It is a broad concept incorporating an individual’s physical health, psychological state, level of independence, social relationships, personal beliefs and relationship with the environmental conditions (WHO 1998).

Loyalty to the brand is very important subject from marketing strategy perspective, especially as current markets are marked by its passing through a so high mature phase and intensive competition, whereas keeping the customers loyal to the brand is very crucial for the survival and continuity of the organization. Brand-loyal consumers may be willing to pay more for a brand. This strategy considered a more effective and efficient way than attracting a new customer. Similarly, brand loyalty leads to greater market share when the same brand is repeatedly purchased by loyal consumers consequently; the brand is the sole distinguishing factor among competing and similar products. Hence a study is made on brand loyalty of Hair oil among college students.

Marketing is intensifying as the various sectors recognize the marketing contributes to the improved performance in the market place. The markets offers a variety Tupperware to consumer. The media plays a vital role in helping manufactures to promote and find marke for their products. The focus is trying to capture the market by motivating consumer and not the market. Hence a complete understanding as the consumer’s preference their attributes to a particular brand is necessary. This research therefore aims at finding to the reason behind why consumers in the society are willing to use Tupperware brand

To evaluate the financial conditions and performance of a company, the financial analysis needs certain yardsticks. Among the variables, tools are employed in analyzing the financial information contained in the financial statements. Ratio analysis is a widely used tool, which is relevant in assessing the performance of a firm in respect of liquidity position, long-term, solvency. In additional to this, it helps to predict the financial distress of the business. An attempt has been made in the present study to have an insight into the examination of financial health of the organization using Z-Score analysis.

Multi-hop Wireless Networks (MHWNs) are anticipated to play an important role at the edge of the Internet, enabling a large number of innovative applications. The great demand for capacity from a large number of users and applications, coupled with the sparse bandwidth available on the wireless channel, place particular emphasis on effective congestion management approaches. Effective and well-studied algorithms for congestion control at the transport layer exist in wired networks. However, for a number of reasons, these approaches do not translate directly to wireless environments. In this chapter, we first describe the problem of congestion control in MHWNs, and discuss approaches for solving it. The presentation is organized into two components: (1) a review of the causes of congestion and algorithms for congestion avoidance in MHWNs at different layers of protocol stack; and (2) a review of analytical models for the rate control problem and their use for congestion control.

Pneumatic applications are increasing day to day. Nowadays most of the systems are rehabilitated into Pneumatic. This is due to the speed, accuracy and safety of Pneumatic systems, when compared to the rest. Till date the rubber stamping is done manually. It is for the reason that the content, size and shape of Rubber stamp may vary depending on the particular application. But no research is carried out for large measure of similar rubber stamping. In order to save the man power and to reduce the processing time the Pneumatic Rubber Stamping Machine is designed and fabricated.

The main aim of this study is analysis of job satisfaction and professional commitment between staffs in Kermanshah. Materials and methods: This study is according to descriptive analysis and reaching branch and information gathering tools is question air and for assessing job satisfaction we use briefed and worth 18 question airs and for analysis of professional commitment and organizational commitment receive 83% static and 87% from job satisfaction question air, because crownbakh in both question air is more than 0/7 so both question air necessary static. Sample population volume 150subjects from privet banks in Kermanshah and according to sampling random way some of them had been chosen a stoical population and finally we collected 18 questions airs. Findings: For determining normality of data we use kolomogrove – sminoroph test and results of tests confirm normality of data so meaningful relationship between them had approved.