Archives-January 2016

This paper attempts to look at how information and communication technology continually influence the people, their lives and practices in general in developing countries, and examine whether it is for better or for worse. Dependency of low-income groups on information technology is not a mere phenomenon, but a solid hard-ground fact, and has a number of benefits as well as costs. However, at the end it is suggested that in addition to ICT being more advantageous than disadvantageous for third world countries, more effort needs to be put in educating the users of such technology, so that the costs associated with their use can be minimized, and the benefits maximized.

This article presents a Bourdieuian reading of Isabella Whitney`s A Sweet Nosegay (1573) and offers some important insights regarding the social status of women in the patriarchal society of the Renaissance era. This study embodies two primary aims; firstly, to investigate women`s social status based on Bourdieu`s theory concerning cultural, social, and economic capital and secondly, to ascertain that both habitus and field have a central role in determining one`s social position. The research data for this study are collected using Bourdieu`s assumptions regarding women`s perspectives in society that, to some extent, are in line with theories of Hélèn Cixous and Elaine Showalter concerning “écriture féminine”. Taken together, this study confirms previous findings and contributes evidence that suggests whether or not women had experienced the renaissance of female consciousness in the sixteenth century. Keywords: A Sweet Nosegay, Ecriture feminine, Elaine Showalter, Hélèn Cixous, Isabella Whitney, Pierre Bourdieu.

A numerical scheme for the Weibel instability of low temperature has been developed which is a modification of the Darwin model. The Darwin model neglects the ion contribution and the theoretical model used considers homogeneous plasma in the presence of a wave low amplitude laser in the dipole approximation using the formalism of kinetic theory. In this study the coupling of the magnetic field generated by self-instability with the laser-wave field is taken into account, described by the Fokker-Planck equation. This equation is solved analytically zero order and disrupted order and distribution functions electrons were explicitly calculated. The dispersion relation of modes Weibel, who holds account of the term of coupling the quasi-static magnetic field with the high frequency field the laser wave, has been established More specifically, typical physical parameters in the experiments melting by laser; it has been revealed a reduction in the spectral range of the unstable modes and a reduction of two orders of magnitude of the rate instabilities.

Water quality issues are a major challenge that humanity is facing in the twenty-first century. Here, we review the main groups of aquatic contaminants, their effects on human health, and approaches to mitigate pollution of freshwater resources. Emphasis is placed on chemical pollution, particularly on inorganic and organic micro pollutants including toxic metals and metalloids as well as a large variety of synthetic organic chemicals. Some aspects of waterborne diseases and the urgent need for improved sanitation in developing countries are also discussed. The review addresses current scientific advances to cope with the great diversity of pollutants. It is organized along the different temporal and spatial scales of global water pollution. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have affected water systems on a global scale for more than five decades, during that time geogenic pollutants, mining operations, and hazardous waste sites have been the most relevant sources of long-term regional and local water pollution. Agricultural chemicals and wastewater sources exert shorter-term effects on regional to local levels. Pollution control is a term used in environmental management. It means the control of emissions and effluents into air, water or soil. Without pollution control, the waste products from consumption, heating, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, transportation and other human activities, whether they accumulate or disperse, will degrade the environment. In the hierarchy of controls, pollution prevention and waste minimization are more desirable than pollution control.

Diphenyl ketone (DPK), a semi-organic nonlinear optical material, has been synthesized and single crystals were grown from alcohol – ethanol solution at room temperature up to dimensions of 4.5cm×4.5cm×4cm. The unit cell parameters were determined from single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction studies. The structural perfection of the grown crystal has been analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. The variation of dielectric properties of the grown crystal with respect to frequency has been investigated at different temperatures. Microhardness measurements revealed the mechanical strength of grown crystal. The relative second harmonic efficiency of the compound is found to be 1.4 times greater than that of KDP. And the theoretical studies were conducted on the molecular structure and vibrational spectra of diphenyl ketone (DPK). The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of DPK were recorded in the solid phase. The molecular geometry and vibrational frequencies of DPK in the ground state have been calculated by using the density functional methods (B3LYP) invoking 6-311++G(d,p) and 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. The optimized geometric bond lengths and bond angles obtained by DFT method show best agreement with the experimental values. A detailed interpretation of the FT-IR and FT- Raman, Mullikan spectra of DPK was also reported. NBOs are localized electron pair orbitals for bonding pairs and lone pairs. UV–VIS spectrum of the compound was recorded and the electronic properties, such as HOMO and LUMO energies, were performed by time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) approach. Finally the calculations results were applied to simulated infrared and Raman spectra of the title compound which show good agreement with observed spectra. And the temperature dependence of the thermodynamic properties of constant pressure (Cp), entropy (S) and enthalpy change (?H0?T) for DPK were also determined. Keywords: DPK, HOMO- LUMO, UV, NBO, Mullikan, MEP.

High peak-to-average power ratio of the transmit signal is a major drawback of multi-carrier transmission such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, which causes power inadequacy in Radio Frequency section of the transmitter. This paper describe some of the important PAPR reduction techniques for multi-carrier transmission including amplitude clipping and filtering, partial transmit sequence, selected mapping, and active constellation extension. Among various PAPR reduction techniques, neural network is the most powerful techniques in reducing the PAPR due its good generalization properties with flexible modelling and learning capabilities.

Assessment of climate variability at local level, where the driver of the economy is agriculture, has enormous advantage in Ethiopia, . This study was then initiated to analyze the variability of rainfall features and their likely implications on long season growing crop; sorghum in Alamata Wereda. Daily climate data was obtained from the National Meteorological Agency of Ethiopia (NMA) and the historical temporal variability of the rainfall features was assessed using Instat and Mann-Kendall statistical softwares. Apart from the interannual variability (26.2%), the annual rainfall has also revealed a decreasing trend. Similarly, the Belg (FMAM) rainfall demonstrated a significant decreasing trend with a very high seasonal variability (53.1%). The Markov chain first order model indicates that the probability of 15 and 20 days consecutive dry spell occurrence on May (90%) and June (75%) were very high signaling that sowing on these months could possibly lead to complete or partial failure of seedling establishments. Even though the correlations between yield and monthly rainfalls was positive, only April (r=0.48) and September (r=0.55) rainfall was statistically significant. This indicates that for sorghum production, rainfall during April (for seedling establishment) and September (grain filling) appears to be particularly important (sensitive). Hence, as there is early cessation and high rainfall variability during the Belg season (part of sowing period for sorghum), different adaptation strategies such as soil moisture conservation and early maturing cultivars should be practiced to minimize the impact of rainfall variability on sorghum production.

The aim of this paper is to establish the concept of vague congruence relation on a residuated Lattice. We discuss the relationship between vague Filters and vague congruence relations. Further we define the vague congruence relation corresponding to a given vague filter and some of its properties are obtain. Finally, we determine the quotient algebra induced by this relation and discuss some properties.

Helping English learners acquire a foreign language effectively is an essential issue which needs to be investigated. Obtaining a good listening comprehension which acts as a basis for the development of the other skills is very important. This study intended to explore and see whether using authentic English songs can improve the EFL learners’ listening comprehension. This paper reported the results of this study which was implemented on two groups in Tarlak English institute in Bandar Anzali. The study determined the effect of English songs on the language learners’ listening comprehension. This study was executed on 40 intermediate level students who were assigned to two groups as the control group and the experimental group. A pre and postlistening test was applied to both groups. The findings showed that the use of English songs had statistically significant impact on the language learners’ listening comprehension. Key Terms, listening, songs, authentic listening

The main goal of this research is to study the relationship between Business Intelligence and productivity in the companies, manufacturer of pressure vessels, located in Amol – Mazandaran. The other goal of this research is to prioritize the factors of Business Intelligence using AHP approach. The population of the research consists of top, middle, and operating managers, that out of a group of 90 people, 76 of them have been selected, based on the Morgan Sample Capacity Estimating Table, as the sample of the study. For collecting data, two questionnaires of Business Intelligence and productivity have been used. At first, to analyze the research data, the efficiency of each unit has been measured by the help of DEA technique. Then by the help of descriptive and inferential statistics, the hypothesis of the research have been studied and finally the factors of Business Intelligence have been prioritized by the AHP approach. According to the results of DEA technique, units that have more resources will act in a weaker level in terms of efficiency. The result of testing the hypothesis showed that there was a positive and meaningful relationship between Individual (P=0.006), system quality (P=0.009), individual learning (P=0.043), competitive performance(P=0.01), and productivity. There is also a positive and meaningful relationship between Business Intelligence and productivity (P=0.02). Among the factors of Business Intelligence, the competitive performance is the most important factor in enhancing productivity, and the Mental Model Maintenance is the least one.