Archives-December 2013

The transportation of specific molecules across lipid membranes is an essential function of all living organisms and a large number of specific transporters and channels have evolved to carry out this function. One of the largest transporter gene families is the ATP-binding cassette (ABC). CFTR, Cystic fibrosis trans-membrane conductance regulator, is a member of this family and its mutation cause cystic fibrosis. In order to create more effective drugs to treat cystic fibrosis, understanding the mechanism of this disease and structure of CFTR will be needed. Therefore, obtaining the 3D structure will lead to a greater understanding of CFTR. Studying the structure of the C-terminal part of CFTR is the aim of this project. This study also allowed a comparison between killifish and human orthologs. By conducting the same conditions on human orthologs of the CFTR C-terminus, Killifish C-terminal was cloned into pET-28 a (cloning and expression vector), expressed in E.coli and purified using Talon immobilized metal affinity chromatography. The purified protein then characterized using MALDI-TOF analysis, and Circular Dichroism. Killifish gave a higher yield compared to human ortholog, which made it more suitable for further structural and functional studies.

Bioavailability (with high permeability and solubility) is important for effective therapeutic drugs. Nevertheless, in drug research, many drug molecules are of low permeability and solubility. Accordingly, in order to prolong the release and boost the bioavailability of these drug substances, new methods are required. A nanoparticle is a new solution to frame drug agents into nanoparticles. Two drugs fragments like furosemide (diuretic) suit to the BCS class IV and Amlodipine Besylate (calcium channel blocker) suit to the BCS class II in this study were co-encapsulated into PLGA nanoparticles by PVA as a surfactant. Normal particle dimension of these nanoparticles was found to be 275 nm with -12 mV zeta potential value. In house HPLC technique was developed for simultaneous estimation of these two molecules using CAN 5 C18-AR HPLC column with Phosphate buffer: CAN (62:38) as a mobile phase (1.0ml/min flow rate, 220nm detection) for entrapment efficacy study. Normal entrapment efficiency of Amlodipine and Furosemide were found to be 40% and 58%. Additionally, in vitro dissolution study was conducted in the phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and it was witnessed that 6% and 10% amlodipine and furosemide were released after 24 hours at room temperature condition at 100 rmp. From these results, it was concluded that these two molecules could be co-encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles and below 15% relief of these two molecules after co-encapsulation in the PLGA nanoparticles showed the controlled release arrangement.

The aim of this study is to examine the difference between attachment styles and early maladaptive schemas among depressed patients with previous suicidal intention and without any previous suicidal intention with normal population in the city of Kerman. A sample of 90 patients has been selected for this purpose. This statistical sample consists of 30 depressed patients with previous suicide intention, 30 depressed patients without previous suicide intention, and 30 nonclinical populations. The sampling method was convenience method. In order to collect the research data, the short questionnaire of Young and the questionnaire of adult attachment styles have been used. Multi-variable variance analysis and Tukey method have been employed in the SPSS for analyzing the research data and testing the research hypotheses. The findings of this study revealed that there is a significant difference between scores of schemas and attachment style among three sample groups. The results also revealed that there is a significant difference between two clinical and nonclinical groups in terms of schemas except devotion and strict criteria. Another part of the results revealed that there is a significant difference between two clinical groups in terms of insufficient restraint/self-discipline, fault/shame, vulnerability toward damage and illness, and captive. Also a significant relationship has been observed between unsafe attachment (avoidance) styles and potential suicide of the depressed people.

In recent years, the particular importance of Dynamic Assessment in L2 (Aljaafreh & Lantolf, 1994; Poehner & Lantolf, 2005; Poehner, 2008; Albeeva, 2008; Anton, 2009) has been acknowledged. However, there is a severe lack of research on the two important strands of DA in the L2 domain including Computerized Dynamic Assessment (henceforth, C-DA) and Group-based DA (Poehner, 2008). C-DA mostly follows an interventionist model with mediation offered from a menu of predetermined clues, hints, and leading questions selected in a lock-step fashion (moving from most implicit to most explicit) by the computer (Poehner, 2008. The present study, as an initial attempt in the domain of C-DA, reviews the development of the C-DA software programs designed to promote learners’ development. The study reports the data collection procedures and data analysis of the computer-based dynamic assessment of learners in first and second language contexts. The software program should generate important scores including non-mediated score, mediated score, and an LPS. Just two instances of the designed software generated all of these scores by means of computer. Moreover, the quality of hints offered is of significant value. C-DA can lead to hint-based education as opposed to spoon-feeding education.

The AWJM is widely used to process the different materials. The material considered for the experimental study is commercial aluminum, mild steel and EN8. The operating parameters, namely pressure, cutting speed and abrasive flow rate are varied during to find its effect on metal removal rate. Attempt is made to establish relationship between operating parameters and material removal rate by using regression analysis & ANOVA. Experimental study is performed to validate the results. It is observed that pressure & abrasive flow rate are the most significant parameters that affect the material removal rate in AWJM.

The extent of success by organization can be considered in their effectiveness and this would not achieve unless a proper structure. Informing organizational effectiveness and measuring its relationship with organizational structure as an affecting factor on organizational effectiveness, one can identify an ideal extent of structural elements relevant to organizational internal and external conditions. By revising and modifying such elements and by making structure effectiveness, one can accelerate moving toward aims and can increase organizational effectiveness. Present study evaluates the relationship between organizational structure and effectiveness in Kerman province Red Crescent. Research method is survey-type and questionnaire is the tool to gather data. Its population consists of managers and staff of Kerman province Red Crescent. The statistical sample included 189 managers and employees of the organizational and sampling method is an objective one. The studied variables include organizational effectiveness, organizational structure, concentration, formalization and complexity. The findings show that there is a relationship between organizational effectiveness and organizational structure. Such relations are as follow: the relationship between effectiveness and complexity is directly significant, it is adverse significant between effectiveness and concentration and it is directly significant between effectiveness and formalization.

In this paper we introduced the concept of fuzzy g- super closed and explore various properties fuzzy topological space.

This study examines the impact of transparency of financial information on the value relevance of earnings in determining the company's market value. Sampling was undertaken and finally, during the period 2006 to 2013, 117 companies were selected. Then, the sample firms have been separated into two groups: firms with low transparency of financial information and firms with high transparency of financial information. Corporate separation criterion based on the transparency of financial information. was Points for the ranking system and information disclosure quality in Tehran Stock Exchange .The methodology of research is descriptive according to the type of data, a correlation analysis (spierman coefficient) and Multiple regression was used To test the hypothesis .Also we uses a number of control variables. These variables consist of Size, CF, E, and BV. based on the results of the test hypothesis, Using a modified Olson discretionary For calculated relevance of earnings it was found; Transparency of financial information is effective on the value relevance of earnings in determining the company's market value.

Access to financial markets and how the market's way of financing is, is one of the most important factors that Specifies how Access Company to cash and level of it. Countries where the financial sector depth is less, It does not allocate resources efficiently between the needs and Sometimes in these countries are faced with the problem of unavailability of appropriate financial instruments thus in which case they shall not gather enough resources. This study examines the relationship between trade credit payable and receivable with cash holding In view of the financial depth. The population of the study includes all Tehran Stock Exchange member firms after certain conditions are imposed. sampling was undertaken and Finally, during the period 2006 to 2013,127 companies were selected.The methodology of research is descripitive. Evaluate the research hypotheses through regression analysis with the use of synthetic data has been carried out. Also we use a number of control variables. These variables consist of Size, Liquid, Leverage, Debt, M/B, Cash flow. The results show no relationship between trade credit payable and receivable with cash holding in view of the financial depth. Also test the hypotheses in a single regression model did not change the results.

Many of the previous research studies on innovation tend to focus on process and product (technological) innovations. It is, however, interesting to note that Organisational and Marketing Innovations (OMIs) could be the necessary prerequisites to optimally utilise and deploy such technological innovations. This study proposes Organisational Ambidexterity as a necessary antecedent to develop the firm’s OMI capabilities. For firms to remain competitive and adaptive to a continuous change in the business environment, Organisational Ambidexterity has been noted to be a necessary attribute, but research on ambidexterity at individual level of analysis is limited. The study intends to develop a framework that promotes effective innovation through shop floor employees’ contributions to Organisational Ambidexterity, OMIs capabilities of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises.