Archives-December 2011

In this paper, one of the artificial intelligence techniques called networks for prediction of reliability of the tire is neuro-fuzzy network. At first key indices which are effective on reliability of tire are identified and then some rules have been designed and applied for system training with use of experts’ views. ANFIS system implements Takagi –Sugno fuzzy system as a system and inference and deduction of the system are mixed and an efficient tool is provided for simulating a nonlinear mapping. In the performed simulations, some 4-input networks are different with membership functions and have been studied in different iterations for prediction and finally the model which had high predictability was selected as optimal model.

This article (who's most parts are taken from Mr. Md. Baharuddin Bin Abdul Rahman PhD thesis proposal U.S.M, 2007-2014) to discuss about an introduction of Project Based Learning (PjBL) process. This paper also focuses for the development of engineering product by implementation of PjBL module (prefer to PjBL model & theory). This pilot testing of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) module that was significant with research proved of success in the engineering products/projects development and typical of socio-constructivist with positive impact in student approaches.

In this paper, two different components and one repairman of with warm standby system priority is studied. Assume that two components of working time, standby time, the repair time after fault and the repair time after standby fault are subject to the different exponential distribution and the repair of the component 1 is geometry repair and the repair of the component 2 is as good as new. The component 1 has priority in use and repair. By using geometric process theory, the supplementary variable method and the Laplace transform, the reliability indices of the system are obtained.

A well sorted municipal solid waste which was composted and co-composted with other materials such as dewatered faecal sludge and ammonium sulphate as enrichment were used in the amendment of a 15 kg soil contained in 147 (43.2 x 35.6 cm) polythene bags for two cropping seasons. Impact of the dewatered faecal sludge on the speciation of heavy metals, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in the co-compost (Co), enriched co-compost (Eco) and garden soils (S) were evaluated. The results of the analysis reveal Co and Eco have about 50 % of Cu, 75 – 80 % of Zn and 80 – 85 % Cd highly bound organically. Lead was 60 % bound to organic fraction in Co and Eco, same as the other composts. The amended soils had 30 – 50 % Cu and 30 % Zn organically bound as the dominant fraction. Lead shifted and was 55 – 65 % dominant in the residual fraction whiles Cd was below detection.

The preparation of berbamine-loaded chitosan-agarose microspheres was studied. Optimum preparing parameters were determined by orthogonal experiments as follows: ratio of berbamine to chitosan (w/w) is 1:10; percentage of emulsifier (span 80, v/v) is 6%; volume of glutaraldehyde is 2 mL; and reaction temperature is 70°C. Under these optimal conditions, the encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of microspheres are 84.57% and 8.44%, respectively. The berbamine-loaded microspheres were spherical with smooth surface, uniform size and without aggregation morphology. In vitro release studies showed that berbamine was released from microspheres in a significantly sustained fashion.

The purpose of this descriptive study was to survey the relation between students’s learning style and teacher’s teaching methods which apply towards the achievements in CES subject in three Technical School in Negeri Sembilan. Respondent of the research involving 180 students and a questionnaire was used as research instrument. This questionnaire contained two parts, which were Part A; seven questions related to background of respondents and Part B containing 36 items related to 3 types of learning styles and 2 types of teaching methods. The acquired overall alpha value was 0.844 and possessed high trustworthiness questions. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) software version 15 to acquire frequency, percentage and mean that were later shown in table form. Acquired study findings showed that auditory learning style was the most dominant learning style which applied among the students whereas demonstration method was the most dominant teaching method used among the teachers. In this study, it was discovered that no significant relation between visual and kinesthetic learning style with the achievements in Civil Engineering Studies (CES) subject whereas there was a significant relation between auditory with the subject achievements. For analysis of relation between learning styles and teaching methods there was a significant relation between both of them. This research suggest a further research to find the effectiveness of teacher’s teaching methods which must be required to attain correct information and used it to solve the student’s achievement problems.

Teaching is a noble concept, and it is highly respected in the society. It is a social process that is basically derived from philosophy despite the fact that Philosophy is always confused with a farfetched idea or a metaphysical conceit, however, it is very simple to understand. There is no denying the fact that it is not every body’s cup of tea. Yet everyone has a specific philosophy that determines his course of action in life. In other words, every human being has a philosophy which he has and tries to live with. Teachers are supposed to do some noble work in order to bring societal change to deal with the modern need of the fast changing time. It will simply not be possible unless they possess some noble thoughts. These ides or thoughts are nothing but their philosophy. Philosophy of life can further be categorized into sub philosophies. Philosophy of teaching is one of them. In educational system, many educational philosophers are taught, and each future teacher or practicing teacher has a liking for a particular philosopher or educationist. In sum, philosophy of teaching determines every activity or action of a teacher starting from objectives, discipline, teaching style, management, curriculum, evaluation etc. Teaching of English is perhaps more important than any other subject because it plays the role of international communication, global business, medium of instruction, examination and language of science-technology and medicine. Therefore, the teachers of English language must have social values and incorporate philosophical considerations while teaching the target learners.

Understanding the molecular factor behind sex expression has immense importance both in basic and applied research. Determination of sex in Casuarina equisetifolia is of utmost important from the commercial forestry. Sex of plant is very important as number of female plants must be maximum. Plantation of seedlings of unknown sex leads to long term effects on yield. Hence correct identification of male and female genotypes at juvenile phase is important to maintain proper densities of female and male plants and dioecious nature also poses problem in tree breeding programmes. In many dioecious plants, gender influences economic value, breeding schemes, and/or opportunities for commercial use of genetically transformed materials.

Bloom Filter (BF) is a simple but powerful data structure that can check membership to a static set. The trade-off to use Bloom filter is a certain configurable risk of false positives. The odds of a false positive can be made very low if the hash bitmap is sufficiently large. Spam is an irrelevant or inappropriate message sent on the internet to a large number of newsgroups or users. A spam word is a list of well-known words that often appear in spam mails. The proposed system of Bin Bloom Filter (BBF) groups the words into number of bins with different false positive rates based on the weights of the spam words for spam filtering. Simulated Annealing (SA) is stimulated by an analogy to annealing in solids. It is used to search for feasible solutions and converge to an optimal solution. In this paper SA is applied to minimize the total membership invalidation cost of BBF. The experimental results are analyzed for various sizes of bins. The results show that, the BBF using SA with different false positive rate has lower total membership invalidation cost than the standard BF.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of probiotics, Binifit^TM on survival, growth, biochemical constituents and energy budget of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae (PL). The basal diet was prepared by the supplementation of probiotics Binifit^TM at four different concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) was incorporated. Feed without Binifit^TM served as control. These feeds were fed to M. rosenbergii PL for a period of 60 days. Leaching of these diets varied between 13.7%-15.0% at time duration of 8 hrs. The growth parameters, such as survival, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion efficiency and protein efficiency rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 2% Binifit^TM incorporated diet fed PL followed by other experimental groups when compared with control. On the other hand, the food conversion ratio was significantly (P<0.05) lower in 2% Binifit^TM supplementation diet fed PL. This indicates the fact that this diet had resulted in higher growth rate than that of other experimental diets. Similarly the proximate composition of the total protein, amino acid, carbohydrate, and lipid content were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 2% Binifit^TM incorporated diet fed PL. However, insignificant differences were recorded in moisture content between control and experimental groups. The energy utilization parameters, such as feeding rate, absorption rate, conversion rate, excretory rate and metabolic rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 2% Binifit^TM supplementation diet fed PL. However, Binifit^TM supplementation diet fed PL resulted in better growth performance. This is only because of presence of Binifit^TM in the feed. Therefore, incorporation of this probiotics in aqua feed is stressed for promoting sustainable culture of Macrobrachium.