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Synthesis, spectroscopic (IR and electronic) and in-vitro antibacterial properties of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Pd(II) complexes of the enolimines derived from condensation of p-nitroaniline and benzoyl trifluoroacetone (HL1) / theonyltrifluoroacetone (HL2) were reported. The ligands coordinated to the metal ions through the azomethine N and enol O atoms in ratio 1M: 1L, resulting in complexes of the type [ML1NO3].xH2O, [ML2(CH3COO)].xH2O and [PdL(Cl)H2O]. The IR and electronic spectral measurements were consistent with the adoption of a 4-coordinate square planar/ tetrahedral geometry for the metal complexes. The in-vitro antibacterial studies of the Schiff bases and their metal(II) complexes against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli revealed that HL1 and its metal complexes were generally more active than HL2 and its complexes. Interestingly, [Zn(L1)NO3].½H2O, [Pd(L1)Cl(H2O)] and [Ni(L2)2] had broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli with inhibitory zones range of 12.5-22.0 mm proving their potential usefulness as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents.

There are ways and processes of human learning by which knowledge is imparted, valued skills are developed, humans are trained which ultimately produces citizens who guarantee sustainable development in the society. The success of the acquisition of this system of education depends on the quality of men and women who are the interpreters and transmitters of what is desirable in terms of knowledge (education). In the quest for high quality education, the single most important factor in the school system is the teacher, who prepares as a professional to deliver effective tool of training. This paper therefore looks at teaching as a profession, the concept. The development and characteristics as well as the challenges that come with it and the way forward. The national policy on education however stressed that “no education system can rise above the quality of its teachers.”

Writer identification is the process of identifying the writer of the document based on their handwriting. Recent advances in computational engineering, artificial intelligence, data mining, image processing, pattern recognition and machine learning have shown that it is possible to automate writer identification. This paper proposes a model for text-dependent writer identification based on English handwriting. Features are extracted from scanned images of handwritten words and trained using pattern classification algorithm namely support vector machine. It is observed that accuracy of proposed writer identification model with Polynomial kernel show 94.27% accuracy.

A three notch multilayer antenna for C-Band applications is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna is composed of a FR-4 and air gap Dielectric material, By introducing the two parts, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna can be significantly enhanced. Analysis done with ground plan. Simulation results show that the proposed antenna can operate from 3.2GHz to 4.8 GHz with low VSWRs ? 2. Stable antenna gain (dB) is also achieved over the entire operating frequency band. Furthermore, the size of the proposed antenna is very compact, which is only at the centre of the operating frequency band.

In the present work, an effort has been made to investigate the effect of welding parameters on bead geometry. Mathematical models were developed by using 2- level half factorial technique to predict the bead geometry within the range of control parameters or operating variables for single wire submerged are welding. The models developed can be employed easily in automatic or robotic welding, in the form of program, for obtaining the desired high quality welds. Current, open circuit voltage, welding speed and nozzle-to-plate distance were taken as welding variables constant. The models were developed from the observed values, with the help of design matrix.  It was found that penetration increases significantly with current, decreases with welding speed and remains unaffected by open circuit voltage & nozzle to plate distance. Reinforcement was found to increase with current and decrease with open circuit voltage, welding speed and there is no effect by nozzle to plate distance. Weld bead width was found to increase with open circuit voltage, decrease with welding speed; but ‘w’ increases with increase in nozzle to plate distance. The adequacies of the models were tested by use of analysis of variance technique and signification of coefficients was tested by student’s-test’. The combined and main effect of different parameters involved has been presented in graphical form.

The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core members of the Internet Protocol Suite, the set of network protocols used for the Internet. With UDP, computer applications can send messages, in this case referred to as datagrams, to other hosts on an Internet Protocol (IP) network without requiring prior communications to set up special transmission channels or data paths. UDP uses a simple transmission model without implicit handshaking dialogues for providing reliability, ordering, or data integrity. Thus, UDP provides an unreliable service and datagrams may arrive out of order, appear duplicated, or go missing without notice. UDP assumes that error checking and correction is either not necessary or performed in the application, avoiding the overhead of such processing at the network interface level. Time-sensitive applications often use UDP because dropping packets is preferable to waiting for delayed packets, which may not be an option in a real-time system. The Internet has two main protocols in the transport layer, a connectionless protocol and a connection-oriented one. The connectionless protocol is UDP. The connection-oriented protocol is TCP. Because UDP is basically just IP with a short header added.

In this paper, we study the variation of the convergence speed on basis of the local search method used in a memetic algorithm (MA); for this reason we compared two memetic algorithms MA1 and MA2 implemented with two different local search methods are descent and simulated annealing successively applied to the scheduling tasks problem. Then we will make a comparison between these two algorithms (MA1, MA2) results, with the genetic algorithm and other metaheuristics previously used to solve the same problem to get an idea on the most efficient methods in term of completion time work for this problem and choose the most effective.

Tin doped zinc oxide thin films have been deposited by reactive evaporation, the deposition has been done at various doping levels ranging from 1% to 8%. The optical properties have been characterized using UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer, the data for transmittance has been used for further analysis using scout. The transmittance of doped thin films has been found to be > 75% while for those of as prepared samples has been found to be even higher. The bandgap calculations have shown that the band gap for as prepared and doped thin films ranges between 2.95 – 3.95 eV. The electrical characterization has been done mainly at room temperature using a well calibrated four point probe. The sheet resistivity has been found to range from 24.3-26.7 Ohm cm. The coating have been found to be suitable for antireflectance as well as transparent contacting oxide applications.

Constant Instantaneous Power Control technique for extracting reference currents for shunt active power filters has been assessed for 400Hz aircraft electric power system. Thereafter, its performance has been compared when optimized using fuzzy logic control. Critical analysis of Comparisons of the compensation ability of these two techniques based on THD and compensation time will be done and suggestions will be given for the selection of best technique to be used. The simulated results using MATLAB model are presented. That will prove the importance of the proposed control method of aircraft shunt SAF in aviation industry.

The network intrusion becomes ever growing problem. The complexity present in the collected network data set is absence of clear boundary between anomaly connection and normal connection. However fuzzy logic can well address this problem. In earlier works, combining fuzzy logic and data mining to develop fuzzy rules are explored to address this problem. In this paper, a new fuzzy model is developed to detect anomaly connections. The developed model is tested with NSLKDD data set. The model gives better result.