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The aim of this paper is to establish a fixed point theorem for non-self mappings by using the Meir and Keeler (£, delta) type contraction condition. Our result generalizes completely or partially the result due to Meir and Keeler [5], Rhoades [10] and others.

Verbal communication is temporal and easily forgotten, but written reports exist for long periods and yield long-term benefits for the author and others. Individual scientists and groups of researchers perform experiments to test hypotheses about biological phenomena. After experiments are completed and duplicated, researchers attempt to persuade others to accept or reject their hypotheses by presenting the data and their interpretations. The report or the scientific paper is the vehicle of persuasion; when it is published, it is available to other scientists for review. This model of technical report in biology therefore looks into the right way in putting the reports together in a way that is acceptable to other researchers and readers.

Reliable accelerator operation requires control system with higher level of automation, flexibility, robustness, and optimisation. In this paper a multi-agent system based control scheme is presented for optimal control of accelerator system that improves the plant performance in wide-range of operations. The multi-agent based control schemes for accelerators have been reported in literature. But the scheme proposed in this paper differs significantly form the existing schemes. In this work the agent architecture is formulated based on the control requirements of pre-injector accelerator subsystem (Microtron in particular) and transport line of synchrotron radiation sources. The scheme consists of two software agents at supervisory level that work in an autonomous manner for the optimized control of dynamic system. The Microtron agent architecture augments model assisted adaptive controller for realizing feedback control action at lower layer and goal based logic controller with pre-structure model identifier along with the pattern recognizer at supervisory layer. The TL-1 agent has a model-based, goal-based modular architecture and optimizes the TL-1 control using differential evolution based algorithm. The simulation results of applying this scheme to model of Microtron and Transport Line-1 of INDUS complex shows that this approach is very effective in optimizing the Microtron and TL-1 tuning.

High speed research in communication trends demands high data rates with reliable transmission system and has thus led to many new emerging modulation techniques. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the most promising technologies for high data rate wireless communications due to its robustness, high spectral efficiency, frequency selective fading, and low computational complexity and easy implementation of Very Large Scale Integrated technology (VLSI) now. Because the OFDM system effectively provides numerous parallel narrowband channels, OFDM is considered a key technology in emerging high-data rate systems such as 4G, IEEE 802.16, and IEEE 802.11n. But there is one main disadvantage of OFDM that is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmitter’s output signal on different antennas. High Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) for OFDM system is still a demanding area and difficult issue. By now, for reducing PAPR, numerous techniques have been recommended. In this paper the embedded technique which is a combination of Selective level Mapping (SLM), square root and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) based PAPR reduction technique has been analyzed and discussed. The results have been verified in terms of various graphs and plots and have been compared with earlier results. The performance comparison of the proposed scheme with conventional technique has also been presented in the paper.

The elevation of the cytoplasmic calcium concentration is a central step in many intracellular signal transduction pathways. It is also observed in various systems that calcium signals can also mediate intracellular communication by eliciting and coordinating calcium signals in surrounding cells, for example, in the liver and the astrocytes network of the central nervous system. In view of above mathematical model of calcium signaling process in the presence of excess buffer has been developed for a one dimensional unsteady state case. This model incorporates important physical and physiological parameters like dissociation rate, diffusion rate, total buffer concentration and influx. The finite difference method has been employed to predict [Ca2+] and buffer concentration time course regardless of the calcium influx. The comparative study of the effect of the excess buffered diffusion and kinetic parameters of the model on the concentration time course have been performed.

Loyalty to the brand is very important subject from marketing strategy perspective, especially as current markets are marked by its passing through a so high mature phase and intensive competition, whereas keeping the customers loyal to the brand is very crucial for the survival and continuity of the organization. Brand-loyal consumers may be willing to pay more for a brand. This strategy considered a more effective and efficient way than attracting a new customer. Similarly, brand loyalty leads to greater market share when the same brand is repeatedly purchased by loyal consumers consequently; the brand is the sole distinguishing factor among competing and similar products. Hence a study is made on brand loyalty of Hair oil among college students.

A Code of Ethics outlines principles that project honesty and integrity to help guide individuals when making business decisions. The Code outlines the organisations mission and sometimes values to ensure ethical dealings are carried out by employees. As seen by the demise of many organisations, the mere reliance on the fact that an employee acknowledges the Code of Ethics does not ensure that the employee will be governed by the ethical principles. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether integrity testing could contribute to the enhancement of the principles of the Code of Ethics. Integrity is based on the consistency of morals and values carried out. Quantitative techniques were used to analyse integrity test results. In line with theoretical knowledge, the statistical results revealed correlations as well as collective measures of employee behaviours and attitudes that would impact on the principles of the Code of Ethics and the organisation as a whole.

This study aimed to assess and rank the quality of central library websites of government universities in Iran based on the fuzzy deduction system. Statistical society includes independent central library websites of government universities in Iran (n=55) that were managed by Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. A survey method research was used for the aim of the study. Moreover, a check list and MATLAB Software were used. Among content criteria, website title was the most important one and among structural criteria, searching in continuous catalogue of the library was the most significant. Classic assessment of findings showed that central library websites of University of Shahed and Sahand University of Technology had the highest quality; on the contrary, central library websites of (Shahid Abbaspour) Power & Water University of Technology and Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources had the lowest quality. Findings of fuzzy deduction system showed that central library website of University of Shahed had the highest quality; however, central library website of (Shahid Abbaspour) Power & Water University of Technology had the lowest quality among other websites. Comparison of classic assessment and fuzzy assessment of central library websites of Iran showed that in an assessment based on the fuzzy deduction system, more precise results are obtained and websites are correctly ranked. In addition, websites can be ranked based on low, medium and high quality. Therefore, it seems that fuzzy deduction system is a better method for assessing and ranking the quality of university library websites. Keywords: Fuzzy Logic; Central Library Website; Applied System, Government Universities, Library Website

The use of cisterns in Iran has been diminishing rapidly due to the widespread use of piped water and household refrigerators. Except for a few cases still in use, most of these cisterns so-called "Ab-Anbar" have either given way to new developments or have been re-modeled as tourist attractions. Ab anbar (?? ?????) means 'water storage' in Persian. An ab-anbar is a traditional type of reservoir that was commonly built in pre-modern Iran. As the modern life and technology dominated the region, water pipeline system replaced cisterns. Supplying potable water in hot arid regions has always been a challenge for the residents. In central and eastern deserts of Iran, where poor rainfall and seasonal rivers cause extreme conditions in supplying water, a creative traditional solution has been a unique kind of water reservoirs (cisterns) called “Ab-Anabr”. These structures typically consist of an underground cube or cylindrical reservoir with a massive covering dome and one or more wind towers for ventilation and a staircase for taking water. Ab-Anbars were often constructed by first digging a cylindrical or sometimes rectangular tank deep into the ground--sometimes as far as twenty meters. The walls of the tank were lined with bricks using a special type of mortar called sarooj that was considered to be completely impermeable to water. The tank was then covered with a dome that protected the water in the tank from evaporation and contamination from windborne dust and bird droppings. The windcatchers that projected from the dome allowed for dry desert air to flow into and out of the dome, performing the dual functions of cooling the water and preventing condensation from forming on the inside of the dome, which could potentially lead to mildew and other hygenic concerns. Purity of the water was further maintained by isolating the main tank entirely from human contact. Water could only be obtained from the cistern by descending a series of steps runnning adjacent to the tank. Taps near the top of the stairs provided warmer water, while the coolest water could be obtained by descending to the bottom of the stairs and extracting water from taps at the base. Ab-anbars were so important to life in desert regions that they often became integrated into structures built atop them, such as caravanserais or mosques.

In this paper the transmitter intelligently adapts the transmission parameters like coding scheme, modulation symbol, power etc. w.r.t the varying wireless CSI. If channel is having poor transmission conditions then a channel code with smaller code rate and a smaller modulation symbol can be used. Similarly, if channel conditions are good, a comparatively high code rate or even no coding need be used. Paper gives an overview about the WiMAX standard and studies the performance of a WiMAX transmitter and receiver.