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Electronic Mail is the “killer network application”. It is ubiquitous and pervasive. This paper presents an implemented framework for data mining behavior models from email data. There are different methods for detection of spam through email. The main goal is to develop a method that outperforms the existing methods in terms of detection of spam, ham and wrongly classified spam, that is, the accuracy of the proposed method is higher compared to the other existing methods. The other goal is to implement the proposed algorithm for reducing the time. So, to recapitulate, this paper deals with the accuracy and process timing based on prioritization of detecting email messages.

We are very happy to announce that from 1st February 2017, Dr. Dipti Sharma has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Food Technology. The appointment of Dr. Dipti Sharma as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.

This paper describes the study of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of as-cast and heat treated aluminium 7075/ SiC composites. These composites were subjected to different aging durations. The stir casting technique is used to prepare the castings. Castings were machined in accordance with ASTM standards followed by heat treatment process. All the castings were aged to different periods of 1hr, 3hr, 5hr at an aging temperature of 175 oC. Coefficient of thermal expansion tests were performed in both as-cast and heat treated conditions. In each case the coefficient of thermal expansion values were found to increase with increase in aging durations. Solution heat treatment at 530 oC followed by artificial aging at 175 oC found to increase in dimension change of every specimen tested. The coefficient of thermal expansion curves exhibited some residual strains, which were decreased with the increase in aging durations.

The study was carried out to ascertain the antioxidant effect of vitamin E on sub-acute toxicological effects of alpha cypermethrin in male albino rats using hepatic enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (Alkphos) as indicators. Nine albino rats divided into 3 groups were fed diets mixed with vitamin E for 2 weeks to saturation prior experiment were administered with alpha cypermethrin intraperitoneally at concentrations of 50, 100 and 500mg /kg concentrations while the 4th group of 3 albino rats were fed normal rat diet with distilled water and injected with physiological saline and compared with albino rats fed normal rat diets administered with alpha cypermethrin intraperitoneally at similar concentrations. The result showed dose dependent significant increases in mean ± SEM Aspartate transaminase, Alanine transaminase and Alkaline phosphatase in the cypermethrin treated when compared with the vitamin E treated male albino rats (P< 0.05). Alpha cypermethrin elicited severe dose dependent changes in the hepatic enzymes, while treatment with vitamin E reduced enzyme activities in male albino ratswith milder alterations. The results of this study have shown that vitamin E conferred some level of protection on Alpha cypermethrin treated male albino rats.

Gold nanoparticles were prepared by reduction of Chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) using enzymes of Glycyrrhiza Glabra root extract as a reducing agent and also used as stabilizer. UV–visible spectroscopy was used for quantification of Gold nanoparticle synthesis. The synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized with Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).The results of TEM, XRD, and UV–vis absorption spectra show that the Gold nanoparticles have a narrow size distribution.

Fisheries sector is one of the fastest growing sector in the world in the world as well as India, contributing to national income, export, food and national security and employment. India’s fish export has emerged as the largest group in agricultural exports. In India, Peanaeus monodon (shrimp) farming has become immensely popular with about 1,57,000 ha under culture and an average annual production of 1lakh tonnes. Farmed shrimp contributes about 60 percent by volume and 82 percent by value of India’s total shrimp export. Shrimp farming in India provides employment directly to about 0.3 million people and indirectly to about 0.6 to 0.7 million people mainly in coastal states Despite the progress, the shrimp industry has been facing severe crisis especially from 1994 owing to the outbreak of infectious diseases caused mass mortalities fetching crop losses to about Rs.1, 203 croes. To control the disease outbreaks and secondary infections, the shrimp growers resorted to use indiscriminately several antibiotics, chemicals and drugs. Even as they failed in controlling the diseases, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics caused the problem of tissue residues in the harvested shrimp. To over come the problem of antibiotic residues in the harvested shrimp, Government of India banned several antibiotics and allowed some antibiotics with MRL’s. Inspite of these remedial measures the problem of antibiotic residual problem had not been controlled as several reports have confirmed with contamination antibiotics. To address these antibiotic residual problems, a commonly used broad-spectrum antibiotic Oxytetracycline was used for the present study to estimate the withdrawal time. Oxytetracycline (OTC) is an approved antibiotic in India with a Maximum Residue limit of 0.1 ppm in the harvested shrimp, most commonly used in shrimp farming and hatchery operations to control endemic and systemic Vibrios through medicated feed. OTC was selected for estimation of withdrawal period for the black tiger prawn Peanaeus monodon under given conditions.

This study aims to examine the response of female fashion shoppers towards the mall atmosphere. A total of 100 female students conveniently sampled at a higher learning institution in Federal Territory of Labuan, Malaysia, served as the sample. Results from regression analysis revealed that the mall atmospherics positively influence hedonic shopping value and approach behaviour among all female shopper fashion clusters. It seems that fashion forward shoppers are not responding any better than female shoppers on the low end of the fashion spectrum. This study produced evidence suggesting that store environment triggers affective reactions in customers. The paper rounds off with conclusions and an agenda for future research in this area.

Face recognition is major challenge and provides significant attention of research in the computer vision. In recent years, reliable automated face recognition has become a realistic target of biometrics research. This biometrics will provide identity and verification of the person. The objective of face recognition involves the extraction of different features of the human face from the face image which makes it different from the other persons. In this, we give a review on face recognition system and the various classifications of recognition methods. This paper will also contain the various techniques, like PCA, LDA etc, which are used in the recognition of the face.

Present study was carried out to develop and validate an instrument for measuring different factors affecting upon students’ success at higher educational level. Focus group discussions and extensive literature review was done in order to generate an item pool for the instrument. Initially 75 items were generated under ten dimensions namely: motivation, intellectual abilities, personality brought up, institutional environment, socio- economic background, family participation, peer group, influence of siblings, awareness about future goals and awareness about current trends in the subject. After qualitative item analysis, the items were reduced to 60 as 15 were found to be repetitive in nature. These 60 item statements were administered to 100 graduating students of public universities in Islamabad region. The data thus obtained was subjected to factor analysis. As a result ten subscales containing 45 items in total were constructed with Eigen value above 2.83. Split half reliability for both halves was expressed at .78 and .89. Psychometric properties demonstrate that SSHL is a valid and reliable instrument to be used in research studies related to students’ academic success at higher level.

Fault diagnosis research deals with real world problems in terms of plant efficiency, maintainability and reliability. Fault in process and manufacturing industries are crucial in order to improve production efficiency, quality of the product and the cost of production. This work is focused on the development of a fault diagnosis method for application to an actuator benchmark specifically designed for industrial fault diagnosis. The performance of the proposed approach is demonstrated on the DAMADICS benchmark problem.