Archives- 

Radiation that coming from the natural radionuclides such as 226Ra (238U), 228Ra (232Th) and 40K can cause health risks if exposed for longer terms. The activity and radiological effect parameters of these natural radionuclides were determined in rock samples from Bukit Bunuh. The results of measurements showed that the average activity concentration of 226Ra varied from 22.5 to 42.3 Bq kg-1, for 228Ra, it varied from 1.2 to 3.5 Bq kg-1 and for 40K, it varied from 274.3 to 438.2 Bq kg-1. Based on the available data, the radiation hazard parameter is calculated. The external gamma dose rate calculated from the concentration of the three radionuclides ranged from 29.8 to 38.7 nGy h-1. Three calculated parameters from the activity concentration values, i.e. the radium equivalent activity (Raeq) range between 59.3 and 78.6 Bq kg-1 (mean 68.1 Bq kg-1), the representative level index (I?r) range between 0.46 and 0.59 (mean 0.50) and the external hazard index (Hex) range between 0.17 and 0.21 (mean 0.20). This is well below the recommended value of 370 Bq kg-1 (for Raeq) and unity (for Hex). The annual effective dose rate of the areas was determined to be between 0.037 and 0.048 mSv y-1. The results show that there are no significant health hazards to humans.

Dislocation of the tibiotalar joint without fracture or diastasis isa rare injury. We report a case of a close poster medialankle dislocation, without fracture in a 18 old soccer player, with good resultsafter an orthopedic treatment.

Human affiliative behaviors are indispensable for the physical and psychological wellbeing and normal development of individuals. However, how to study the neurobiology of affiliation from temperamental domain is little examined. Based on theoretical arguments about affiliative behaviors in temperamental domain, this review clarifies the concept of affiliative temperament, and then provides a review of the neurobiology of affiliative temperament by the integration of the mirror neuron system (MNS), the dopaminergic reward system, and the neuropeptides. Reviews show that affiliative temperament is firstly a complex and as a part of it, emotional contagion roots in the MNS from the birth. Secondly, the dopaminergic system relating to affiliative temperament can be divided into the regulative system including dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulated cortex (ACC), and the evaluative system including superior temporal sulcus (STS), ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NAcc), insula, and amygdala. Thirdly, oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VAP) modulate neural circuits in VTA and NAcc. Finally, structural and functional abnormalities in affiliation-related brain circuits contribute to the pathogenesis of psychopathological disorders as well as antisocial behaviors.

In this paper, we present the concept demonstrating some of the possibilities of nanotechnologies might enable in the future communication devices. Nanotechnology aloows control of physical problem of nanostructures and devices with single molecule precision. The device is build by numerous nano-transistors. This device is used for sensing toxicity of the materials. The devices constructed by nanotechnology can be stretched and folded to desired length since it has the strength of spider silk. As the transistors are temperature dependent, the devices are auto-chargeable when exposed to sunlight (solar energy). Nanoscale electronics are invisible to human eye, the devices are transparent.

Variation in load frequency is an index for normal operation of power systems. When load Perturbation takes place anywhere in any area of the system, it will affect the frequency at other areas also. To control load frequency of power systems various controllers are used in different areas, but due to non-linearity's in the system components and alternators, these controllers cannot control the frequency quickly and efficiently. The simple neural networks can alleviate this difficulty. This paper deals with the Artificial Neural Network ( ANN) is applied to self tune the parameters of Proportional-Integral-Derivative(PID) ontroller. The single, Two Area non-reheat system has been considered for simulation of the proposed self tuning ANN based PID controller. In the PID controller parameters are continuously adjusted according to the change in area-control error (ACE). Simulations of the networks are carried out for different load changes 1% and change of 1% in governor time constant and turbine time constant parameters. The proposed method for simulation results are obtained by the other controllers of PI and PID compared highlighting the performance of PID-ANN controller. The simulation works developed by MATLAB- SIMULINK Environment. The simulink results are obtained by qualitatively and quantitatively .The qualitative comparison is used for the Integral Square Error (ISE), Integral Absolute Error (IAE) and Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) is minimized in single and multi area power system. Therefore the Comparison of responses with conventional integral controller(PI) & PID controller show that the neural-network controller (ANN-PID) has quite satisfactory generalization capability, feasibility and reliability, as well as accuracy in both single and multi area power system.

This study was designed at investigating the relationship between the color of the sheet on which the act of translating is done and translation quality. To achieve this purpose, at first 180 B. A. students majoring in Translation selected randomly from Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran and Zand Institute of Higher Education. For the purpose of homogenizing the students’ knowledge of translation in the posttest, a pre-test was given to the students and after that 50 of these students whose scores were in the same range were selected and divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group involved the students who translated the text on blue paper and the control group consisted of those who translated on white paper. Next the translations were assessed by three evaluators and the mean scores of the experimental and the control groups were then calculated individually by the researchers. To analyze the data, an independent sample t-test was used to see the mean difference of two groups. The results of the study indicated that the mean score of the students who translated on blue paper was higher than the mean score of those who translated on white paper but the difference was not significant (Sig. = 0.690). It means that according to the statistical analysis, the color of the sheet on which the act of translating was done had no significant effect on translation quality.

This paper emphasizes on the measurement of mutual fund performance and timing abilities of income fund managers in Pakistan. To analyze the income fund performance Treynor measure is used which assumes that fund managers possess diversified portfolios. Timing abilities are ascertained by using Treynor and Mazuay measure and data for five years ranging from July 2009 to June 2014 is used and it consists of 30 income funds. Results showed that 23 of the total income funds had positive treynor values which indicate good performance and also an indicator of better diversification. Treynor and Mazuay measure also had a better indication of timing abilities as 2/3rd of the managers performed well in this regard.

Translation of literary texts in general and poetry in particular as a distinctive type of translation has been of great importance since the early appearance of translations. On the one hand, the difficulty of translating the metrical pattern and on the other hand the nature of poetry itself has turned the poetry translation a very controversial issue and there have been done many investigations on its different aspects. When it comes to rendering the very spirit of masterpieces like Shahnameh, poetry translation becomes so much trickier. This study aimed to analyze the story of The Seven Stages of Esfandyar in Shahnameh in terms of figures of speech to realize that how the figures of speech are transferred or lost in the English translation of Shahnameh. To this end, First 10 verses of the story of The Seven Stages of Esfandyar which were selected according to the degree of frequency of figures of speech and also the translation of the selected verses were studied, each of them were analyzed separately by identifying figures of speech. Then the type and number of figures of speech in the source text were compared with those of the target text. The findings indicated that there was about 50% loss in Warner & Warner's Translation of Figures of speech in the selected verses of the story of the seven stages of Esfandiyar in Shahnameh.

A step-by-step analysis of means (ANOM) procedure has been extended to analyze the data from orthogonal array experiments. The procedure is also illustrated with the help of a numerical example.

Groundwater has been identified as the best source of rural water supply because it has eliminated the problem of water borne diseases which have affected communities in the Pru District in the Brong Ahafo Region for some years. An adequate and sustainable source of groundwater can be obtained by geophysical methods which ensure that potable and safe drinking water is available for the entire population. Integrated geophysical methods involving Electromagnetic and Electrical resistivity methods have been carried out to delineate groundwater potential and locate drilling sites for boreholes in the District. The Electromagnetic profiling method was used for reconnaissance survey to identify anomaly conductive spots for further investigation using the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) technique. The Schlumberger array was carried out for the VES investigation. Interpretation of the VES data revealed a general pattern of a three layered earth structure, namely topsoil, saturated sandy/ lateritic clay and weathered/ fractured/ fresh basement rocks. The presence of aquifer units included the weathered zones and the fractured basement. These units are found at a depth ranging between 27.0 and 69.5 m.