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Mean Monthly, seasonal and zonal percentages of thunderstorms (TS) and rainfall (RF) frequency obtained, analyzed and depicted using fifty years (1961–2010) data of 54 Pakistani observatories spread uniformly over the country. The study has revealed that there is a significant correlation between the frequencies of said parameters, while there is a one month time lag found in the occurrence of peak activity of TS and RF. Seasonal analysis of these two parameters suggests that rainfall yield associated with post-monsoon season is marginally more than TS activity and significantly more in winter season. Considering zones of the country during winter, apart form Sindh RF activity is significantly more than TS but during May to September (most of premonsoon and monsoon) TS activity is found more than RF in all zones. This behavior is consistent with the overall seasonal behavior of the country. The monthly study has revealed two marked peaks of TS and RF while rainfall activity in end of winter and start of premonsoon is greater than in peak monsoonal months. Overall seasonal analysis of these two parameters suggests that rainfall yield associated with post-monsoon season TS seems to be higher than the pre-monsoon season. Station wise seasonal analysis of winter suggested that all stations acquire much more RF accompanied with very little TS activity. The situation is reverse for premonsoon and monsoon while in postmonsoon, situation is rather complex. All data is also demoed in graphical representations and tabulated with characterized statistical and analytical values. The aim of this paper is to promote various components of TS and RF activity over Pakistan and to help the weather forecasters, aircraft pilots, agriculturists and planners in this respect. The study also emphasizes the need for more studies in this direction.

The present study will serve as guide to Understanding the behaviour of consumers while they shop, it will help the marketers to develop market strategies so that they can understand the need of consumers better and give them exactly what they need. The present study focuses on exploring the hedonic or utilitarian consumer behaviour of males. The study was conducted in Jaipur city. The sample size used was 25 samples from two age group i.e. 25-29 and 30-35 years. Out of these 12 males were from age 25-29 years and 13 were from age 30-35 years. The data was gathered from respondents through questionnaire. Respondents were selected using random sample selection method. The study revealed that the respondent’s age is inversely proportional to the hedonic behaviour of the respondent; with the increase in age the hedonic behaviour/trait decreases and utilitarian nature increases. The study reveals that working male are more utilitarian in nature where as non-working are more hedonic in nature. The study further indicates those un-married males are more hedonic as compared to married male.

A novel depicts a wide range of imaginary characters concerning the behaviour of human beings in real life. An individual who takes delight in interpreting novels can gain knowledge and obtain worldly wisdom. Also, since the reader is exposed to several situations, most of them being real-life circumstances, he/she gets an opportunity to acquire and enhance the soft skill sets required for both personal and professional lives. What is resolutely believed by the employers and colleges these days is that a student of technology must possess few most important identities of soft skills which cannot be overlooked, especially the soft skills like communication skills, leadership qualities, time management, interpersonal skills and presentation skills. Offering training in soft skills through children’s literature facilitates the students in putting up their behavioural skills in a superior style.

Weight-Length relationships (WLRs) and Relative condition factors (Kn) were estimated for 9 freshwater fish species namely Brycinus leuciscus (Günther, 1867), Hydrocynus forskali (Cuvier, 1819 ), Odaxothrissa mento (Regan, 1917), Labeo coubie (Rüppell, 1832), Labeo parvus (Boulenger, 1902), Labeo senegalensis (Valenciennes, 1842), Distichodus engycephalus (Günther, 1864), Parailia pellucida (Boulenger, 1901)and Schilbe mystus(Linnaeus, 1758)from the lower reaches of the White Volta. Samples were collected from the catches of the artisanal fishermen from October 2011 to March 2012. Using W=aTLb, the weight-length relationships of the species were calculated. Relative condition factors of the species were obtained using the formula: Wo/Wc. The WLRs of all the 9 fish species were highly significant (P<0.001). The determination coefficients (r2) ranged between 0.5764 for Parailia pellucida to 0.9784 for Hydrocynus forskali. The slopes(bvalues) of the WLR regression models of the nine (9) species ranged from 2.0045 to 3.1614 with 95% confidence interval of b for all the nine fish species within 1.386 to 3.352. In terms of growth pattern, 4 out of the 9 species exhibited isometric growth (b=3). Three (3) were observed to have negative allometric growth (b<3) and 2 fish species had positive allometric growth (b>3) patterns. Mean relative condition factors of the species ranged from 1. 00 to 1.09. A T-test of the observed weight (Wo) versus the calculated (Wc) on all the nine (9) species produced no significant difference (P>0.05) between the observed weight and the calculated weight. The models are thus good proxies for approximating the weights of the species.Even though, not all the species exhibited isometric growth, the general wellbeing of the fish specieswas suitable during the study period as inferred from relative condition factors (Kn). This is a contribution of information to support researchers in future and fishery managers for reliable growth estimation and health status of freshwater fishes.

Renal agenesis is a congenital birth defect in which an infant is born missing one or both kidneys. The cause of renal agenesis is not known, though some cases result from inherited mutated genes. Babies with one kidney are often able to live and lead normal lives with ongoing tests and treatment. Those with no kidneys need long-term dialysis to survive.

The growth of the aorta and its major branches are from six pairs of branchial arches, which, throughout the fourth week of pregnancy, combine the primitive ventral and dorsal aortas in the embryo. The right-sided aortic is identified when the aortic arch courses to the right of the trachea. When this happens, there is interchanging of the descending aorta and ascending aorta to the right and left respectively. In abnormal condition it can be interruption dorsal segment which may result in any of the three types of right-sided aortic arch. In anomalies which are diagnosed earlier can result in the management of the condition

According to market statistics, the global functional food and nutraceutical market is growing industry, fuelled by consumer demand and advances in science as foods are now being examined intensively for added physiological benefits, which may reduce chronic disease risk or otherwise optimize health. It is these research efforts that have led to the global interest in the growing food category now recognised as functional foods. Nutraceuticals is the most active area of research in nutrition sciences today. There is renewed interest on traditional and indigenous health products and virgin coconut oil is a potent one as a nutraceutical. Focus on the benefits of virgin coconut oil in the present study from different studies will be useful to researchers in the fields of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and cosmetics.

The advent of ERP Systems, marked a new beginning in the Information Systems arena. It has brought about in reality the much sought after idea of providing competitive edge to organizations with the help of Information Systems. Though worldwide, several companies have extended their ERP systems to cover the entire supply chain, most of the Indian companies are still lagging behind. The research work carried out, was a Case Study based research work where a comparison and analysis of 10 cases was carried out in such organizations where ERP has been implemented. The basic objective of the study was to compare ERP implementation projects of ten successful companies and find critical issues related to various Pre-implementation, Implementation and Post implementation phases. The role of Information Systems in effective management of organizations has been since a long time. From merely crunching numbers, to helping taking strategic decisions, Information Systems have come a long way today. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system, a term coined by Gartner Research firm in the beginning of 1990s, was one such IS application that marked the beginning of a new age of enterprise wide computing.

This paper presents a comparative study on the important parameter of the ionosphere critical frequency of F2 layer (foF2) retrieved by means of ground based ionosonde radars and predicted by International Reference Ionosphere extended till plasma sphere (IRIPLAS-2011) model at two different locations including Northern Sumatra (Geographic Lat. 2.311°N,Geographic Long. 93.063°E) and Fox Island, Alaska (Geographic Lat. 52.008°N, Geographic Long.171.859°W) in the low and mid latitude during the earthquakes occurred in the years 2012 and 2011, respectively. A running median of the fof2 and linked inter quartile range (IQR), upper bound (UB) and lower bound (LB) are utilized as a reference for identifying abnormal signals during the earthquakes. The results show anomalous reductions and enhancements in the fof2 within 7 days before and after the earthquakes. A comparative study between ionosonde retrieved and IRIPLAS-2011 model derived foF2 values reveals that the ionosonde retrieved values exhibit better anomalies during both the events. The analysis during extreme quiet geophysical conditions is shown to be a useful indicator of a forthcoming earthquake.

Expired drug (non-toxic characteristics) was used as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1 M HCl medium was studied by weight loss and electrochemical methods. Effect of temperature was investigated at temperature range (303-343 K).The obtained results reveals that, the inhibition efficiency increases with increases of concentration of the inhibitor. Polarization curves indicated that they are mixed – type of inhibitor. The data collected from Thermodynamic studied are in good agreement to confirm the ability of using expired LF drug acts as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid corrosive medium.