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Housefly (Musca domestica L.) is considered a key domestic, veterinary and medical pest, causes irritation, spoils food and also an important vector for many pathogenic organisms. A number of social and health problems are caused due to housefly, which emphasize the need to control its population. Hence several control strategies viz., cultural, biological, chemical control and certain technical customs are commonly used. The main purpose of this review is to highlight different house fly control strategies such as ultraviolet machines, through biological control agents, plant sources chemicals (Neem, Wood vinegar and Basel plant). The IPM (integrated pest management) practices, which can offer relatively more reliable field performance, have also been described. However the preservation of the housefly's natural enemies could be an ecologically sustainable method of maintaining the fly populations below threshold level.

The gas solid hydrodynamic studies of a Flat plate, Conical and partitioned concave distributor is reported. The study included hydrodynamic characteristics and moving pattern of particles in the bed. One of the objective of the present work is to investigate the influence of distributor types on the performance of fluidized bed reactors using group B particles as per Geldart D,.1972. Classification Gas - solid hydrodynamic characteristics viz ; Bubble diameter Froude no , Bubble rise velocity of partitioned concave distributor are compared with the conical and flat plate distributors commonly used. The bed void age is used as the parameter for indicating the fluidization quality in selecting the final configuration of the distributor. The bed void age arrived for partitioned concave distributor are compared with the conical and flat plate distributors and results presented.

A fluidized bed reactor with a perforated draft tube was employed to obtain hydrodynamic data for different Geldart’s particle group A, B, C & D by using various operating condition. The stability and hydrodynamics properties of a fluidized bed are determined primarily with respect to minimum fluidization velocity, pressure drop, minimum bubbling velocity, fluidization quality with a perforated draft tube by changing the total gas flow rate through the column. The result of calculation showed that, the pressure drop through the column increases with the increase in gas flow rate. At about 1.7 Ums some bed instability was observed which is characterized by fluctuation in pressure drop, with increase in gas flow rate this phenomenon disappeared. The effects of perforated draft tube on fluidization can be evaluated by comparing the experimental results by using the Geldart’s correlation with the correlation derived. Moreover the various correlations are derived by using the multiple regression analysis method (Polynomial method) for fluidized bed with perforated draft tube.

The persistent roofing problems of the leaking roof, collapse and the ripping off roofing system and the plight of the affected majority in the past few years throughout the country has prompted an undertaking a roof design verification survey of the affected roofing system in the rural areas of the following state Osun State, Ondo State, Sokoto State, Rivers State and Yobe State. The aim of which was to find out the main causes of the roofing problems affecting rural housing stock and National economy as a whole. The studies revealed that environmental degradation, bad roof construction practice, poor roof design and supervision, lack of maintenance, poor social economic situation and ignorance are the main causes of roofing problems. The total homelessness effect from annual roof problems has been enormous and from environmental considerations logs of wood are wasted on the reinstatement of roofs. Bad roof construction practices were identified during the survey and their corresponding recommended procedures have also been indicated to help improve the situation.

Construction industry is under constant pressure to increase the quality and speed of its construction delivery processes. Construction planning plays vital role in the development of construction industry. There is still a huge discrepancy between execution and plan. Therefore, an efficient and effective planning method is intensively needed to enhance the project performance and to minimize the risk of cost overrun and delays. In Engineering and Construction, building construction schedule is prepared by visualizing 2D design documents of a building project. This process is difficult to associate components in the 2D documents with their related construction activities, and then visualize the construction sequence. 4D Planning technologies, visually representing the construction schedule along with the 3D model components, has the potential to aid this process by providing a common visual language for Planners. The research presented an assessment based survey to identify knowledge, features, benefits & barriers in implementation of 4D planning in construction project. Better visualization of works, reducing the conflicts between the design/execution were the key benefits in 4D planning as observed from an assessment.

This study assessed the role of agricultural information dissemination and utilization in sustainable and improved agricultural productivity and development in Nigeria. Agricultural information dissemination and utilization is viewed as a transfer of messages by various media resources, systems and users. This is normally done through four channels; the individual, interpersonal, organization and the social system. This study was carried out by means of quantitative method which involved the design and administration of questionnaires to 480 rural farmers in Nigeria. Findings from the study revealed that major sources of agricultural information to rural farmers was media (radio, television and newspapers) with very rare contact with extension workers who were ordinarily in the best position to exchange agricultural information with rural farmers. The findings further showed that there are acute missing link between agricultural reformative information and sustainable farming in Nigeria. The study recommends the need for government increased efforts in Agricultural information dissemination to transforming the economy through continued investment in agricultural productivity and development.

An Automobile hydraulic jack can be easily operated by a single push button provided on the dash board. The jack will be installed on both the sides of chassis according to the weight distributions of the car. Similarly it will be installed on the other side of the car. The system operates on hydraulic drive which consists of three main parts: hydraulic pump, driven by an electric motor, hydraulic cylinder to lift the vehicle. The hydraulic jacks actuate separately for either side of car as per the breakdown condition. The car gets lifted and load gets distributed on three point i.e., plunger or ram of hydraulic cylinder and two tires opposite to side which is lifted. This jack will be very useful for all the senior citizens and especially for females (ladies) who find it extremely difficult to operate the jack manually in any breakdown condition. The motive behind using hydraulic system instead of a pneumatic system is the more power produced by the system and simple in design as compared to a pneumatic design. As the hydraulic oil is incompressible so the lifting capacity is more in comparison with the pneumatic system which operates on air which is compressible.

This paper aims at defining a specific model on the decision to engage in HR outsourcing.  There have been much deliberations that HR outsourcing as an organizational strategy has increased considerably over the last decade. Nevertheless, this trend has attracted little academic attention regarding the factors that influence the reliance on HR outsourcing. In this article, we provide a critical review on the contextual variables such as organizational size, strategic orientation, managers’ characteristics and environmental dynamism as primary determinants of the decision to outsource HR functions. This study adds to the present literature by explaining conceptually the linkages between these variables by applying both the resource-based view and transaction cost economics when making outsourcing decisions.

In this research, isolated group of natural pigments of vegetarian cinnamon, sugar(Beta Vulgaris), and used extracts as indicator acid - base were compared with common indicators , such as methyl orange and phenolphthalein, and the results showed a consensus in the extent of the change chromatography was used as extracts to prepare papers chromatography paper (PC) is similar to the leaves Sunflower (litmus paper). And the study of the infrared spectrum of the active substances isolated from vegetable, sugar (Beta Vulgaris ) and cinnamon.

The study conducts job strain, stress among managers to cause of presenteeism among managers. The data were obtained by using COPSOQ stress scales, Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6). The questionnaires administered to all 75 managers in 3 companies situated in Iran. The research questions were conducted using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and T-test. According to the findings the managers experience significantly higher levels of stress, also with female managers experiencing higher levels of job strain than men. Moreover, high levels of stress are related with decreased presenteeism. Meanwhile, a significant difference was obtained in the means between age groups, as the youngest respondents indicating decreased presenteeism.