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The role of parental support is crucial in building self-confidence among the teenagers. The present study examined the role of parental support in building self-confidence among the teenagers. The study was based on the purposive sample of 50 students taken from three schools in Islamabad namely, Roots, the City School and Scholanova. The ages of the students ranged between 13 to 19 studying in O’ levels and A’ Levels. The data thus gathered revealed that parental behavior exhibited in the form of care, control, autonomy and financial support are instrumental in building self-confidence among the teenagers but care proved more effective as compared to other factors with control, autonomy and financial support coming next respectively. The study observed the fathers and mothers of different professional backgrounds affect their parenting styles. Comparing fathers and mothers support, it was found that mothers are more careful and financially support than fathers whereas fathers’ support is significant in giving autonomy than mothers. Overall it was found that parental support based on caring and control play more effective role in building self-confidence among teenagers than autonomy and financial support.

This paper proposes an approach of adapting the vector space model with dependency parse relations to generate semantic summary from multiple documents. Traditional vector space models with tf-idf weighting was not able to completely capture the content similarity because it treats the words within a document are independent of each other. In the proposed system the dependency parse of the document has been used to modify the tf-idf weight of words by incorporating the dependency between each pair of words. To select relevant sentences, different combinations of features are applied through sentence ranking strategy. The experiment result shows that consistent improvement of proposed system over traditional approaches.

Sugarcane is one of the industrial crops used as raw material for several major and minor industries. In Khuzestan, which contains most of the sugarcane farms of Iran, sugarcane is harvested either in green or burnt method. Mechanized harvesting has been replaced by manual harvesting during recent years. Delay in milling of the harvested sugarcane is caused by different reasons in agro-industry units, in addition, methods of harvesting including green and burnt harvesting can cause qualitative and quantitative losses of canes. Thus, a split-plot in time design was executed, with the randomized complete block basic design in 5 replications, in Hakim Farabi agro-industry in 2015. The results showed that the interaction between time delay and harvesting method was significant in 5% level of probability in the main traits of sugarcane i.e. the amount of yellow and white sugar which is affected by other qualitative and quantitative factors. In such a way that the amount of yellow and white sugar during 5 days delay in burnt sugarcane was respectively 1.96 and 1.63 tons per each 100 tons, whereas the amount was 1.3 and 1.08 tons in green harvesting of sugarcane. Thus, compared to burnt sugarcane, green harvesting is less sensitive toward time delay. The invert, which represents loss of sugarcane quality, was separately significant in harvest and time treatments respectively in 1% and 5% levels of probability; in such a way that was 1.7 times higher in burnt sugarcane compared to green one day. The amount of invert in 5th day was 1.35 higher than 4th day.

Environmental concerns have become an important obsession around the world. Architecture plays an important role on the effects of human built environment to the globe. Passive solar energy helps to alleviate the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) costs and helps to lower the environmental effects. Central and east parts of Iran, called Central Plateau, have hot dry weather. Its traditional architecture propounded some solutions like using thermal inertia of materials to alleviate the severe weather condition of this area. Now, we have more developed industry and different innovations have enhanced buildings materials. In this research, it has been tried to propose a solution for gathering the benefits of traditional and today architecture n hot arid zone of Iran. The proposed system is based on motility of insulation for optimizing the use of thermal inertia and thermal insulation daily and annually. Using smart buildings saves lots of energies and lets the building to respond to its environmental changes like a living creature.

Activated carbon was prepared from Sterculia quadrifida seed shell waste by Phosphoric acid activation. The adsorption of Acid Blue 92 and Direct Red 28 on this Phosphoric acid treated activated carbon was investigated to assess the possible use of this adsorbent for the processing of dyeing industry wastewater. The influence of various factors such as initial dye concentration, temperature and Particle size on the adsorption capacity has been studied. Kinetic data have been studied using Pseudo-first order, Elovich model and Pseudo-second order equations for understanding the reaction mechanism.

Undoped and Mn doped lead sulfide (PbS) thin films were grown on glass substrate by Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction deposition method. Mn content in aqueous solution was varied by adding 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mol of manganese chloride. The structural, surface morphological, optical properties and magnetic properties of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer respectively. The X – Ray diffraction studies reveal that the Mn doped PbS thin films were polycrystalline in nature with preferential orientation along (2 0 0) plane. The scanning electron microscopy results indicate that the films were uniform. The bandgap energy of PbS and Mn doped PbS thin films are 2.4 eV and 3.1 eV. The Atomic Force Microscope results indicate that the films are uniform and adherent to the substrate. The VSM studies reveal that the thin film exhibit multi domain behavior.

Cloud computing is a paradigm from traditional computing, offers services over the Internet. The education system evolved in the culture, experiencing the paper maintained records for the report and all critical information of individual school management. In our research work, the system design for School management's information have been proposed and implemented through GCM methodology, where it has been molding as an application with the help of servers, to notify the student’s information like academic progress and enable to track them online by the parents, with accurate results. The scheme makes a more reliable, flexible approach to deliver up to date information to the ward's parents.

This study was conducted to explore the biofilm forming capabilities of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing and non-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains by three different methods and to compare the methods as well. Two ESBL producers and two non-producers strains were subjected to biofilm detection methods. These isolates were previously confirmed by standard methods and API (Analytical Profile Index) scoring. Their ESBL production capabilities were confirmed by double discs synergy test as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Biofilm formation was detected by Congo Red Agar method (CRA), Test Tube method (TTM) and Microtiter Plate Assay method (MTP). Both the ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were characterized as strong biofilm formers. Between the two ESBL non-producers, one was assessed as weak and the other as moderate biofilm former by quantitative TTM and MTP. The MTP and quantitative TTM were considered superior to qualitative TTM and CRA method. Our findings highlighted the relatively higher biofilm forming ability by the ESBL positive Klebsiella pneumoniae that may additionally contribute to their resistance against extended spectrum antibiotics. We can conclude that K. pneumoniae strains, isolated from blood, to form biofilm have a significant association with ESBL production.

The Previous studies have shown evidence for the presence the quality factor of otoacoustic emissions models and it's role, in this work we study the effect by using different values of the quality factor, so we take the values of the quality factor (Q=5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50) The results suggest that reflections generation of the otoacoustic emissions from roughness are behaved two parts with respect to the value of the quality factor (Q), we found with low value (Q=5 and 10) the generation of the reflectivity is less than with high values of the quality factor ( Q = 20, 30, 40 and 50) therefore the reflectivity is depend on the value of quality factor.