Civil Engineering

Today, the consumption of Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) is rapidly increasing in India owing to the rapid growth in Infrastructural and Real Estate sectors. Supplying concrete with desired quality consistently has become a great challenge for the RMC suppliers. Hence, the evaluation as well as monitoring the quality of RMC production is critical. this paper is an attempt to a apply the Six Sigma DMAIC approach to a RMC Plant in Chakhan, Pune. The sigma level of the existing plant has been evaluated. Also the production is Statistically analyzed using various tools such as X bar chart and R charts and the process capability index has also been reported.

The problem of accident is very acute in highway transportation, leading to loss of life and property. The various causes of road accidents are road users, vehicular defects, road condition, road design, environmental factors and other causes such as improper location of advertisement boards, improper location of level crossings not closed when required etc. Road accidents cannot be totally prevented, but by adopting suitable traffic engineering and management systems the accident rate can be reduced to a certain extent. Proper investigation of the cause of accident will help to propose preventive measures in terms of design and control. With this back ground in the present the detailed investigation on the quantification of accidents in Nandyal town, Andhra Pradesh has been carried out and suitable remedial measures has been suggested by conducting through filed investigations.

An efficient and adequate transportation system is one of the key indicators of a nation’s prosperity, its developmental status and overall economic growth. The roads pass through areas with extreme climatic conditions from heavy rainfall to desert conditions; diverse terrains from plains to extremely high mountains, plateaus and varying soil grades, rocky and gravelly to marshy land. Over the past four decades, the share of total rail and road traffic carrying passengers and goods is gradually increasing because of fast and ever-increasing industrial, commercial, and other socioeconomic development activities, the road transport vehicle population, especially the vehicles carrying goods, has also increased phenomenally during this period. Because of economies in road transportation, overloading by truck operators is common. The majority of the arterial road system experiences overloading, as much as 18 to 20-tonne axle loads versus the permissible legal limit of 10.2 tonnes. The existing road network has shown signs of premature distress because of the unexpected demands of growing traffic volume and heavier axle loads. The network has fallen short of its structural capacity and hence it is greatly overstrained. The majority of allocated funds are utilized for providing maintenance and rehabilitation measures to the existing network rather than for new construction. With this background, in the present study, a road section is identified in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh to carry out the pavement performance study on distresses. For the selected stretch, data was collected on rutting, ravelling, potholes, edge failures, traffic, etc. The detailed analysis was performed using NCSS statistical tool and to develop a pavement performance model for the selected stretch.

As well all know, residential buildings and houses in Malaysia are experiencing overheating of roof space problems owing to unsuitable selection of roofing materials and the systems as well. Subsequently, the indoor thermal comfort of the building is deficiently affected, particularly for low rise buildings where the roof is representing around 70% of heat gain. The thermal performance of a building is affected by the solar absorbance of roof, during a clear sky conditions up to 1kW/m2 of radiation can be incidental on a roof surface and between 20% and 90% of this radiation is naturally absorbed. This paper is anticipated to reassess the roofing materials and roof colours employed in Malaysian building and establish whether they are appropriate for the hot humid climate zone. The study aims to review the thermal performance of roofing materials in Malaysia. Roof colors on some existing buildings and home buyers preferred roof tiles’ colors have been determined. A survey was conducted among home buyers in Malaysian to determine the most preferred roofing colors. The survey results suggest that blue and brown are the most preferred ones followed by red. The study also revealed that 70% of households in Malaysia are using air-conditioning. The observation survey on some existing buildings revealed that 90% of roof tiles are red followed by 10 % black color

Even though lightweight foamed concrete has low mechanical properties compared to normal weight concrete, there is a potential of using this material as partition or load-bearing wall in low-rise residential construction. Before it can be considered for use as a load-bearing element in the building industry, it is necessary to acquire reliable information of its mechanical properties at ambient and high temperatures for quantification of its fire resistance performance. This paper will present the results of experiments that have been carried out to examine and characterize the compressive stress-strain relationship of foamed concrete at high temperatures. Foamed concrete with 650 kg/m3 and 1000 kg/m3 density were cast and tested. The compression tests were carried out at ambient temperature, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600°C.

A Common effective method i.e. base isolation systems is used to reduce the seismic response of liquid storage tanks. In this work a method for dynamic analysis of liquid storage tanks isolated by the lead rubber bearing to bi-directional earthquake motion which incorporates the interaction between the restoring forces of the bearings in two orthogonal directions is presented.it is concluded that. The peak response of base isolated liquid storage tanks is not much influenced by the bi-directional interaction of restoring forces of Lead LRB.

From the experimental verification, as expected the mechanical properties of foamcrete were reasonably low when compared to normal weight concrete. Nonetheless there was a potential of using foamcrete as fire resistant partition or as load-bearing walls in low-rise residential construction. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of this proposal, this paper presents a preliminary feasibility study on its fire resistance and structural performance of foamcrete based system. The objectives of this feasibility study are tp investigate the fire resistance performance of foamcrete panels of different densities (650, 800, 1000, 1200 and 1400 kg/m3) when exposed to fire on one side for different fire resistance ratings based on insulation requirement and to examine whether the composite walling system had sufficient load carrying capacity, based on compression resistance at ambient temperature.

Crimped steel fibres with varying aspect ratio in the range of 30-60 were added in M-20 Concrete specimens. The fibre percentage chosen for study was 1% by volume. The concrete specimens were tested for 7 day, 14 day and 28 day compressive strength, flexural strength and splitting tensile strength and the results obtained were compared with those of normal concrete mix without fibres. The results concluded that the addition of 1% fibres with an aspect ratio of 50 leads to maximum improvement in early as well as long term compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of concrete.

Cement is most generally utilized development material because of its great compressive quality and solidness. One of the significant parameter which impact quality is curing. Curing assumes a noteworthy part in building up the solid microstructure and pore structure. Curing is the way toward keeping up appropriate dampness content especially inside 28 days to advance ideal bond hydration promptly after situation. Great curing is not for all intents and purposes conceivable in the majority of the cases, for example, vertical individuals, human mistakes, places where there is shortage of water. In such conditions self curing cement is exceptionally versatile and alleviating the above issues. The self curing solid implies that no outside curing is required for cement. The idea of self curing cement is to decrease the water vanishing. As characterized by ACI, "Self or interior curing alludes to the procedure by which the hydration of bond happens in view of the accessibility of extra inner water that is not part of the blending water." One of the methods of self curing is by utilizing hydrophilic materials. A portion of the regularly accessible hydrophilic materials are Polyethylene Glycol, Paraffin wax, Acrylic corrosive. The utilization of hydrophilic materials minimizes the loss of water from the solid and aides in ceaseless curing of cement. In this study, considered review of cement is M40. The admixture utilized for self curing is Fluid Paraffin Wax, which is dry, scentless and dull. The impact of variety in quality parameters i,e., Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength and Flexural Strength were considered with Liquid Paraffin Wax (self curing specialist) (0.1% by weight of bond) and contrasted and that of traditional cured cement. The admixture Conplast SP430 was included (0.3% by weight of bond) in both traditional concrete and self curing concrete for increment of workability. The plan blend extent was 1:1.45:2.95. Quality of self curing cement is keeping pace with customary cement. From this study, reasoned that utilizing of Liquid Paraffin Wax as self curing operator can indicate critical variety in quality of cement.

This paper is organized such as, it is based on the study of an industrial factory building to the bridge pile foundation construction stability, and it investigates the effect of a new building to the bridge pile foundation internal force by the finite element analysis software ANSYS. Matching the data of numerical examination with the one of monitor measurement, we achieve that a new building has a small influence on the deformation under load action and the stress difference of a bridge pile foundation. Besides, the bridge pile foundation is safe and stable under load action.