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This paper discusses the plight of the writing spirit among African ruling political elites. This plight is historically situated and it is subjected to a comparative perspective. While it is not the view of the author that writing is always the most effective means that can be used by political leaders to communicate with the public, communicating with the public through writing is one of the useful information transferring tools that ought not to be ignored. Through a trend analysis, the paper observes that unlike most of first African heads of state and governments who were keen to academic writing most of contemporary African leaders have lost interest in writing, with only a handful of leaders still involved in academic scholarship. Some of the factors that are attributed to this decline include; lack of ideological backing, the growing sense of insecurity among political leaders, the transformation of ruling parties and the influence of financial donors, just to mention some.

This study empirically investigates the extent of relationship between accounting information system and performance of selected companies in Nigeria. A total of 140 questionnaires were administered out of which 128 respondents returned theirs which represents 91% response rate considered adequate for this study. The Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient statistical technique was employed for this study and used to test the hypotheses. The two hypotheses tested in this study revealed that accounting information has a significant relationship with the performance of companies in Nigeria. Based on this finding, the study recommends that Companies should constantly embrace the ever unfolding trend in accounting information systems as it is capable of enhancing the performance of companies. Since Accounting and Finance Departments are the two key departments which are the sources through which accounting information is implemented and used for effective and efficient management of finances of every company, management should organize regular training and re-training of the staff and expose them to the current demand and realities of accounting information systems. Keywords: Accounting information system, Performance of Companies.

This research examines the impact involving macroeconomic variables like inflation, real exchange rate and interest rate on GDP of Pakistan within the light involving 32 year time series data from 1980 to 2011. Research was a secondary data based, Descriptive statistics and multiple regression investigation was used to analyze the information. Econometric model used by analysis was comprised of GDP seeing that dependent variable even though the independent factors were interest rate, exchange rate and inflation rate. Data taken from intending for these variables through the website of the State Bank of Pakistan in addition to the World Bank. The individual significance of the variables, overall value and fairness of the econometric model analyzed. The study found that there's a significant effect of inflation rate, interest rate and exchange rate of GDP. So far as the indicators of co-efficient are concerned, the inflation rate interest rate had a negative impact on GDP while exchange rate possessed positive relation to GDP. Based on the results and analysis it is suggested that the Government adopted tight monetary policy due to inflation because the results suggest that inflation provides significant effect but negative relation to GDP. In the case of developing countries like the Pakistan quality value of the exchange rate must be maintained since the results show that there's a considerable and constructive impact involving exchange rate with GDP. Ceiling of interest rate should reduce to boost the economy.

This study is explaining the “Impact of the Private TV Channels Dramas on Females Fashion and Dressing” (A Case study of University of Sargodha Females students). Dramas generate a great effect on people that influence the segment of society and the whole. This study was designed to identify and estimate the female student’s viewers who belong to Sargodha University watching habits, interest, destroying cultural, and Imposing Indian trends in Pakistani society. This study also focused on attraction of dresses, postmodernism complex factors. These factors are presented by Express Entertainments, HUM TV and ARY Entertainments private TV channels. The survey research procedure was adopted. In this study universe was the (females) student of the University of Sargodha. Total 100 respondents were taken for the survey research. Drama is a more effective source of informing, educating, guiding & entertaining people. Findings of study shows that most of the female’s students watch Express entertainment channel (57%) much which is more as compared to (26%) somewhat and (17%) not at all. Across the selected age group the females’ students who are up to 25 in age watch Express entertainment channel (70%).which is much more than and the females’ students are above 25 watch Express entertainment channels (62%) so the significant difference has been observed. in term of selected education group the females students of Masters Class watch Express entertainment channel (59%) which is much more as compared to BS class of females students which are (52%). Graphical interpretation shows that up to 25 age and BS class females are attracted dresses which are presented by TV channels dramas. As well as both of them think that Private TV Channels dramas are promoting Indian cultural in Pakistani society. Along with this most of the female’s students are in favor that such types of dramas should be banned.

This article examines whether adherence to organisational rules and policies or meeting assumed job satisfaction standards and living within working conditions can induce job satisfaction among employees in the Lagos State parastatals. The study sampled six parastatals where a sample of four employee categories (Top Management staff, Senior Managers, Middle Lower Managers, and non-managerial employees) was made. A structured questionnaire containing 52 items drawn from 10 variables (dependent and independent variables) was the main instrument used to explicate data from respondents, measuring the various aspects that reflect the nature of these variables. Beside this primary source, other secondary sources used include books, journals and internet materials. The study adopted analytical models such as correlation, regression and path analyses in assessing the research question, while the chi-square was used to analyze the hypothesis. In conclusion, the article discovered that indeed, there exists a positive correlation between adherence to organisational rules and policies or meeting assumed job satisfaction standards and living within working conditions, and job satisfaction among employees in the Lagos State parastatals. Therefore, adherence to organisational rules and policies, meeting assumed job satisfaction standards and living within working conditions are recommended among workers in the Lagos State parastatals as such activities have the propensity to promote employee job satisfaction.

Indian criminal courts have always troubled with idea of punishing ‘attempts’ of crime. The troubled water which includes offence and attempt to commit such offence are so inter-woven that any attempt to separate them is not only difficult but also theoretically dangerous. The question of defining attempt is not that simple, particularly offence attempt to commit rape. The limits of theories prescribing explanations for punishing attempts are miserably failed when they are applied on offence of attempt to commit rape. The work is to explore the limits of these theories and how due lack of such theories often blunders are committed by courts including apex court of this country.

We are very happy to announce that from 17th May 2013, Mr. Mellah Hacene has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Electrical Engineering. Mr. Mellah Hacene is currently working as Department of Electrical Engineering, Ferhat Abbas University, Setif, Algeria. The appointment of Mr. Mellah Hacene as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

We are very happy to announce that from 4th June 2016, Mr. Vikram G Kamble has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Mechanical Science. Mr. Vikram G Kamble working as Researcher in the field of Fluid Dynamics and Rheology. The appointment of Mr. Vikram G Kamble as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.

We are very happy to announce that from 7th April 2015, Mr.Ali Dorri has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Wireless Communications and Routing Protocols. Mr.Ali Dorri currently working as Department of Computer Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. The appointment of Mr.Ali Dorri as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.

About 15mol% of ZrOCl₂.8H₂O in ethanol has been found to be an efficient catalyst for the multi-component synthesis of dihydro-1H-Indeno [1,2-b] pyridines by the reaction between 1,3-indandione, ethylacetoacetate, aromatic aldehyde and ammonium acetate at reflux condition. Atom economy, excellent yields, simple workup and mild reaction conditions are some of the important features of this method.