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The present study mainly attempts to compare the motion development of monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins and singletons of 7 and 10 years old in Kermanshah city. The population of the study was a total of 185 students, composed of 43 students of 7 year old boys and 46 students of 7 years old girl, 40 boys aged 10 and 56 daughters aged 10 years. The whole study population was categorized into three groups including monozygotic, dizygotic and non-twin. All of them participated in Test of Gross Motor Development Ulrich-2 (TGMD-2) which measured the Gross Motor Quotient (GMQ) through two subtests of Locomotor skills and object control skills. The data analysis indicated that there was no significant difference in relation to the GMQ score of 7-year monozygotic, dizygotic and non-twin groups of both sexes; whereas there was a significant difference in relation to the 10-year groups for both sexes. Also there was a significant difference between the GMQ scores for inter-pair 7-year twins of both sexes and those for 10-year pairs.

It is found from the literature survey that very few comprehensive reviews exist on the Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine using isobutanol–diesel fuel blends. Some of the important reviews on fish oil with Isobutonal as an additive, diesel with different percentages blend with Isobutonal, butonal- gasoline blends effects on the combustion process in a SI engine have been reviewed. Different Isobutonal blends with base fuels experimental performances including both diesel engine and gasoline engines have been reviewed. An attempt is being made to identify best performing methods from the literature reviewed; this will be a reference for further research. This paper deals with updated review of the literature on performance and emission analysis with Isobutonal blends with diesel and biodiesel under the resource constrained.

Frequent pattern mining is a process of mining data as a set of itemsets or patterns from a transactional database which support the minimum support threshold. A frequent pattern is a pattern (ie. a set of items, substructures, subsequences etc.) that occurs frequently in a dataset. Association rule mining is a process of mining data as a set of rules from a transactional database which support the minimum support and confidence. The implementation methods uses special data structures to solve the problem of FPM and ARM. This paper presents some of the data structures for FPM with their advantages and disadvantages.

In this paper we propose redundancy management of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HWSNs), utilizing multipath routing to answer user queries in the presence of unreliable and malicious nodes. The key concept of our redundancy management is to exploit the tradeoff between energy consumption vs. the gain in reliability, timeliness, and security to maximize the system useful lifetime. We formulate the tradeoff as an optimization problem for dynamically determining the best redundancy level to apply to multipath routing for intrusion tolerance so that the query response success probability is maximized while prolonging the useful lifetime. Furthermore, we consider this optimization problem for the case in which a voting-based distributed intrusion detection algorithm is applied to detect and evict malicious nodes in a HWSN. We develop a novel probability model to analyze the best redundancy level in terms of path redundancy and source redundancy, as well as the best intrusion detection settings in terms of the number of voters and the intrusion invocation interval under which the lifetime of a HWSN is maximized. We then apply the analysis results obtained to the design of a dynamic redundancy management algorithm to identify and apply the best design parameter settings at runtime in response to environment changes, to maximize the HWSN lifetime.

Reservoirs containing heavy oil are usually produced using any of the enhanced thermal oil recovery techniques. Steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) technique was used to extract heavy oil from the reservoir investigated. With the CMG STARS software, a theoretical analysis was performed and a numerical model was developed to simulate gravity-assisted steam-flood for a well that was subjected to thermal recovery technique where energy in the form of heat was supplied into the reservoir. Development of the simulation model was used for history matching. Sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the relationship between viscosity and temperature. Additional well placement was also modeled for production optimization. The methods applied and results obtained provide a platform for predicting production performance and establishes ways to improve recovery.

It is astonishing to note that, Special Relativity Theory Equations are incongruous beyond half the speed of light, by mere Number Theory considerations, specifically ‘time dilation’ and ‘length contraction’ equations. Nevertheless, there is an exception to this theory, for particles of masses less than 1kg, or time intervals between events which are less than 1s or length contraction less than 300000km ,where it could be absolutely accurate as Einstein predicted and therefore it implies, these could change upto only 13.3%.

We are very happy to announce that from 1st April 2016, Dr. Aarti Tolia has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Law. Dr. Aarti Tolia working in Law School, SNDT Women’s University (LLM), Mumbai, India. The appointment of Dr. Aarti Tolia as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

We are very happy to announce that from 6th December 2013, Dr. Shazia Zamir has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Education. Dr. Shazia Zamir is currently working as Lecturer in Department of Education, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. The appointment of Dr. Shazia Zamir as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

We are very happy to announce that from 17th September 2013, Dr.Haider Kamil Ziadan Al-Saadi has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Science. Dr.Haider Kamil Ziadan Al-Saadi is currently working as Dean of College of Science, Biology Department, Babylon University, Babylon, Iraq. The appointment of Dr.Haider Kamil Ziadan Al-Saadi as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

The present study is carried out to examine the effects of rotation and Hall current on unsteady natural convection flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid past an impulsively started vertical plate in a porous medium under the influence of transversely applied uniform magnetic field. Exact solution of energy equation is obtained in closed form by Laplace transform technique, and solution of momentum equation is obtained by defining a complex variable. The expression for the shear stress at the plate due to the primary and secondary flows is obtained. The results obtained are shown by graphs and table.