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One of the main issues that marketing managers are faced with it is decisions about the distribution of goods. Decisions about the structure of the distribution channel are important in at least in two dimensions. First, the decision has a direct effect on other marketing strategic planning decisions (including pricing policy, advertising, packaging, etc). Second, decisions regarding distribution channels require long-term commitment. It takes several years to be deployed a desired distribution system and can’t be changed easily. Distribution means delivering the product to the consumer at the right time and place. In marketing Association of America's definition distribution channel is the structure of the organizational units within the company and outside the company, brokers, wholesalers and retailers that market goods or services. Distribution channels always include the manufacturer and the final consumer, the main duty of distribution system is that place goods to potential customers in the right time and place. Today managers becoming more important due to the distribution issue, according to the distribution, physical distribution and management of it and the cost and interaction between analysis, planning, and control of service levels are physical tasks of distribution management. Companies achieve competitive advantages using distributed systems.

The Sivatattvaratnakara, a Sanskrit work of Basavaraja, the ruler of a small ruling Keladi dynasty. In this work he discussed variety of sciences in which the Ayurveda system of medicine is most important one. He deals the subject in the 21st and 22nd Parts of the work. It has been a practice in India to trace the origin of arts, sciences etc., to superior gods and it is believed that Ayurveda also was created for the welfare of mankind by the Supreme Being Brahman. In this work we find a condensed form of the legend related to the origin of Ayurveda. Here Basavaraj gives detail account on the different diseases and healing methods. He was a scholar-king deals with a vast number of subjects in general and particularly all branches of science like Ayurveda (medicine), chemistry, toxicology, typology, weapons, metallurgy, horticulture, child care and sacraments, geography, astronomy, cosmography, astrology etc.

Corona effect has been considered as a source of substantial loss particular to High Voltage AC Transmission lines. The project report presents comprehensive account of development of a Matlab Simulink based model for the Corona Effect which is designed considering Peek’s equation. The model provides analysis of Corona loss impact on Transmission power in response to the variation in the factors on which Corona effect depends upon. The transmission power has been simulated to plot Corona losses based on variation in Temperature, Conductor Radius and Conductor spacing.

The aim of the paper is to produce faster results when pipelining above the inner most loop. The concept of outerloop pipelining is tested here with Fast Fourier Transform. Reduction in the number of cycles spent flushing and filling the pipeline and the potential for data reuse is another advantage in the outerloop pipelining. In this work we extend and adapt the existing SSP approach to better suit the generation of schedules for hardware, specifically FPGAs. We also introduce a search scheme to find the shortest schedule available within the pipelining framework to maximize the gains in pipelining above the innermost loop. The hardware compilers apply loop pipelining to increase the parallelism achieved, but pipelining is restricted to the only innermost level in nested loop. In this work we extend and adapt an existing outer loop pipelining approach known as Single Dimension Software Pipelining to generate schedules for FPGA hardware coprocessors. Each loop level in nine test loops is pipelined and the schedules are implemented in VHDL. Across the nine test loops we achieve acceleration over the innermost loop solution of up to 7 times, with a mean speedup of 3.2 times. The results suggest that inclusion of outer loop pipelining in future hardware compilers may be worthwhile as it can allow significantly improved results to be achieved at the cost of a small increase in compile time.

A selective and simple method has been developed for preconcentration of Ni on C18 disks nano graphene with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). Simple chemical bonding method to synthesize nano graphene with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was reported. The adsorption behaviors of Ni (II) in aqueous solution on APTES were systematically investigated. The procedure is based on the selective formation of Ni (II) at optimum pH by elution with organic eluents and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The method is based on complex formation on the surface of the ENVI-18 DISKTM disks nano graphene with amino propyltriethoxysilane (APTES) followed by stripping of the retained species by minimum amounts of appropriate organic solvents. The elution is efficient and quantitative. The effect of potential interfering ions, pH, APTES amount, stripping solvent, and sample flow rate were also investigated. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the break-through volume was found to about 1000mL providing a preconcentration factor of 600. The maximum capacity of the disk nano graphene with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was found to be 398± 3 µg for Ni 2+.The limit of detection of the proposed method is 5ng per 1000mL.The method was applied to the extraction and recovery of Ni in different water samples.

Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMS) are fuzzy graph structures representing casual reasoning. FCM was introduced by Bart Kosko in 1986 .A detailed report on the harmful effect faced by the people with the usage of pesticide in India was telecasted in star T.V.dated June 24, 2012 “SATYAMEVA JAYATHE” anchored by filim star Amir Khan. In this paper we study to identify the cause of using Endosulfan which leads to most dangerous side effects in human beings and animals. FCMs are more applicable when the data is an unsupervised one. As this problem involves more uncertainties FCM is one of the best tools to study the problem.

This paper presents preparation, characterization and humidity sensing properties of SnO2 thin films. In the present investigations, the nanocrystalline SnO2 thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. These films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The humidity sensing properties of prepared SnO2 thin films were investigated in lab-built sensing unit. The prepared SnO2 thin films show excellent response to humidity changes with fast response and recovery time.

The distributed synchronous compensation is a shunt connected FACTS device which supplies reactive power to the load to improve the voltage stability of the load buses. In this system the voltage regulation can be improved by reducing the losses. This work deals with comparison of Push Pull and Voltage Inverter based D-STATCOM for multi bus system. Eight bus system is modeled using the elements of SIMULATION. The models are developed for eight bus system with and without D-STATCOM. The two D- STATCOM systems are compared with respect to total harmonic distortion and reactive power comparison. The D-STATCOM is studied with respect to the voltage stability improvement at the load buses. The results of VSI based D-STATCOM system are compared with those of Push pull inverter based D-STATCOM system.

As an important part, Construction Industry provides important compositions for promotion of economy. Meanwhile most of projects have experienced various delays in a special form which are mostly for primary time and estimation of costs. Delay in construction is one of the specific problems with a converse effect on projects success from viewpoints of time, costs, quality and safety. This paper is about time function in dam making projects in Iran and defining any reasons for delay and also their severity according to the ideas of contractors and consultants through a questionnaire research. Its field research includes 34 contractors and 30 consultants. About 52 factors of delay were defined through this research. The conclusion of research was defining five serious reasons of delay including: Political conditions, Economic conditions, Limited imports, Granting of project with least tender prices, Delay in payment by employer and lack of equipment.

The Einstein generalized general relativity Lagrangian dependent on the second derivatives of the field, when use together with poison equation causes the mass term in the Lagrangian disappear. This means that Higgs field which was proposed to generate mass need to be revised. The work also aimed to see how Einstein generalized general relativity Lagrangian can affect Higgs field.