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The problem with AES, most extensively used encryption, is that it uses many multivariate equations which are linear in nature . Thus it can be broken using algebraic cryptanalysis. This provides a serious threat as AES was considered to be unbreakable and thus it was used in many encryption systems. The DES predecessor of AES has problem of multivariate linear equation and speed. By exploiting the key steps and vulnerabilities in these algorithms it is possible to break through AES and DES secured data.

We are very happy to announce that from 29th December 2011, Dr. J. Thomas Joseph Prakash has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Crystal growth and Thin films. J. Thomas Joseph Prakash is currently working at Department of Physics, H. H. The. Rajah's College (Autonomous), Pudukkottai - 622 001, Tamilnadu, India. The appointment of J. Thomas Joseph Prakash as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to chiefeditor@elixirjournal.org. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

We are very happy to announce that from 22nd April 2013, Dr. Khaled Nabih Zaki Rashed has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Natural Products Chemistry and Advanced Spectroscopic Techniques for Organic Structures Identification. Dr. Khaled Nabih Zaki Rashed is currently working as National Research Centre (NRC), Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. The appointment of Dr. Khaled Nabih Zaki Rashed as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

We are very happy to announce that from 28th February 2012, Dr. Md Azree b. Othuman Mydin has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Building and Planning. Dr. Md Azree b. Othuman Mydin is currently working at School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang. The appointment of Dr. Md Azree b. Othuman Mydin as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to chiefeditor@elixirjournal.org. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

We are very happy to announce that from 30th October 2013, Dr. Tarun Chopra has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Electrical Engineering. Dr. Tarun Chopra is currently working as Associate Professor & H.O.D, Department of Electrical Engineering, Govt. Engineering College Bikaner. The appointment of Dr. Tarun Chopra as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

We are very happy to announce that from 22nd November 2013, Dr. V. Subedha has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Neural Networks and Computer Networks & Security. Dr. V. Subedha is currently working as HOD & Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Panimalar Institute of Technology, Chennai. The appointment of Dr. V. Subedha as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

We are very happy to announce that from 28th January 2012, Dr.Ahmet Ozan Gezerman has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Chemical Engineering. Dr.Ahmet Ozan Gezerman is currently working as Shift Adviser at Toros Tarim Co., Icel. The appointment of Dr. Ahmet Ozan Gezerman as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to chiefeditor@elixirjournal.org. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

We are very happy to announce that from 30th November 2011, Dr.P.Suresh has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Computer Science. Dr.P.Suresh is currently working at Department of Computer Science, Salem Sowdeswari College [Govt. Aided] ,Salem – 636 010, Tamilnadu, India. The appointment of Dr.P.Suresh as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to chiefeditor@elixirjournal.org. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

Although Ethiopia has large number of chickens, their productivity is marginal and constrained by genetic, environmental and management factors. This paper has tried to review the socio-economic contribution of rural poultry production and its constraints in Ethiopia. Indigenous chickens account for about 98% of the total poultry population. The productive and reproductive performance of the local chickens is very poor with an average egg yield of 30-60 eggs/hen and 6 months age at first lay. To improve the livelihood of rural communities by improving the productivity of poultry, development endeavors and research institution should focus on introducing improved breeds along with full packages and investigating on means of improving the local genotype. Keywords: Chicken, extension, egg, gender

Terminalia spinosa species have very high durability and could survive for long while in use, even in areas prone to attack by termites or fungi. Extractives have been found to have different inhibition rates against fungi. Wood extractives play an important role in the natural durability. The objective of this study was to investigate the durability of Terminalia spinosa when exposed to wood decay fungi. Three brown-rot and three white-rot wood decay fungi were screened for their capacity to degrade T. spinosa .Samples were evaluated for decay by weight loss measurements using a modified E7-93 standard (AWPA) for block test method, growth inhibition by solvent extract of T. spinosa was also tested. Brown rot fungi P. placenta and C. puteana caused the highest weight losses of 16% and 15% on heartwood extracted with dichloromethane and acetone, respectively. P. sanguines a member of white rot fungi was the most aggressive in reducing weight by 24% on toluene/ethanol extracted heartwood. The later was comparable to weight loss of P. patula wood which was used as a positive control. All the test fungi species caused negligible weight loss of less than 2% on un-extracted heartwood of T. spinosa implying that extractives in the heartwood played an important role in preventing fungal infestation and hence damage. Efficacy of extracts increased with increase in concentration.