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Bat guano is an old faecal matter of bat was collected from the old temples located in the rim of Lonar crater of Lonar, Buldana District, Maharashtra (India). It is known for the degradation of pollutants. The sugar factory effluent has the characteristics of hardness due to the presence of Ca++ and Mg++. In the present study an attempt has been made to employ the Bat guano to reduce the hardness of the reclaimed water from sugar factory. There was a significant decrease of hardness against controls. There were 10.47, 14.82, 22.63 and 31.88% reduction at the interval of 10, 20, 30, 40 days in the water after application of Bat guano. The results are discussed with hardness pollution reduction. Our investigation indicates that bat guano used for degradation of water pollutants and bioremediation of aquatic ecosystem and also for waste water treatments.

Macro-benthos communities are often threatened by environmental changes which are associated with pollution, erosion and siltation. Since paucity of information was available on Itapaji Reservoir benthic macro-invertebrates composition, a pertinent study to ascertain the quality of the water for its sustainable management becomes crucial. The reservoir was monthly sampled for benthic macro-invertebrates (BMI) from April, 2013 to March, 2015 at five purposively selected stations. Samples were collected using Van-Veen grab (surface area, 0.6m2), sieved (mesh size, 0.5 mm), sorted, identified using standard identification keys, and counted macroscopically. Species diversity was determined with Shannon Weiner’s Index (H). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, student’s t-test, and ANOVA at ?0.05. Two phyla comprise of seventeen species of BMI were recorded with moderately intolerant benthic macro-invertebrates dominating. Higher macro-benthos organisms were recorded in the rainy season with Chaoborus larvae dominated the assemblages in both seasons. All the encountered benthos differed significantly at p<0.05 across the sampling stations, while sampling station 3 recorded the highest abundance. The order of dominance coupled with Shannon Weiner’s diversity index of less than 3.0 revealed that the habitat is unstable, and perturbed due to run-off of anthropogenic material from the adjourning land.

We develope the models of defense budget demand by bureaucratic model. To see the business usual characterstics, we assume defense spending is the degree of inertia of the budget period, because a group of actors who enter into, always want to maintain the status quo and their positions. The results shows that Indonesia's defense budget policies positively affected by last year's defense budget with a low level of sensitivity. Although still business as usual, but the military actors only gave little influence to the policy.We develope the models of defense budget demand by bureaucratic model. To see the business usual characterstics, we assume defense spending is the degree of inertia of the budget period, because a group of actors who enter into, always want to maintain the status quo and their positions. The results shows that Indonesia's defense budget policies positively affected by last year's defense budget with a low level of sensitivity. Although still business as usual, but the military actors only gave little influence to the policy.

Fisher folk form an important community in Kerala, but remain neglected and marginalized in spite of the higher socio-economic progress the state has made as a whole. While we consider fisher folk, they remain isolated from the main stream of development. They remained educationally backward also. It is well known that a rapid growth in educational attainment is the most successful medium for social empowerment of the disadvantaged. The path towards our goal of achieving progress and prosperity of the nation is necessarily through equipping the backward sections through knowledge and skills. They need to be empowered by equipping them with self-sufficiency and existence skills such as Self Confidence, Problem Solving Ability, Logical thinking, Decision Making Power, Computational Speed and Reasoning etc. The present paper throws light on the Supreme power of Vedic Mathematics in enhancing these skills.

Describe the different therapeutic modalities of Carcinosarcoma of the Larynx.We report the case of a 55-year-old patient who presented with a Carcinosarcoma of the Larynx. Mr. M., 55 years old, chronic smoker, consults for dysphonia and dysphagia associated with dyspnea, which has been evolving for 12 months, progressively worsening, and necessitated an emergency tracheotomy. CT scan showed a well-circumscribed three-stage process of tissue density. Containing hyperdense images, without cartilage lysis. Carcinosarcoma of the larynx is an extraordinarily rare histological type and prone to metastases to the cervical ganglion. A complete surgical procedure of primary laryngeal lesions with wide margins, associated with a well-established bilateral cervical lymph node dissection is the best therapeutic option. Close and frequent monitoring is necessary to detect a local recurrence or a metastatic. It is essential to collect more data on the biological behavior of these tumors to determine the prognostic factors and the appropriate treatment modalities.

Capacitive pressure sensor have been fabricated over a titanium diaphragm of 2.5[mm] thickness for sensing pressure in order to prevent the heart failure. This capacitive pressure sensor is implantable in a heart in order to monitor the blood pressure with the help of medical stent

This present article highlights the influence of the cutting performed on samples of agricultural products as well as their nature of products on the assessment of their convective drying quality. Sweet potato and taro were used for the study. It emerges that the size of the cut plays an important role in the evaluation of mass transfers during convective drying. At 100 minutes of drying and a temperature of 70°C, cubes with dimensions of 1cm, 1.5cm, 2cm, and 2.5cm reached moisture content levels of 40wt.%, 60wt.%, 78wt.%, and 80wt.% of their initial moisture content, respectively. This trend generalizes: the larger the size, the slower the drying. Similarly, the shape slightly influences the transfer process. Furthermore, the experiments showed that at the same temperature and similar dimensions regardless of the cutting shape, taro exhibits greater resistance to transfers than sweet potato.

The objective of this work is to provide breeders in the pig industry with technical and economic data that can be used for the proper functioning of a piggery. This is an analysis of pig production in the Province of Maniema in general, more precisely in the town of Kindu. The methodology uses surveys (transversal and retrospective) among producers targeting the profile of breeders, their practices, zootechnical and socio-economic performances. The majority of breeders are Catholic Christians, most of whom are employed and practice breeding as a secondary activity. They are 90% men. The pigsties are either semi-modern (6/10) or modern (4/10). The food is based on rice bran and corn flour which are used by all breeders. Fish meal is used by 80% of breeders and cassava by 70%. Large White pigs dominate the different farms. The average herd is 86 pigs. The age at first farrowing varies between 11 to 14 months and the average number of farrowings per year is two. The average numerical productivity per female per farrowing is 10 piglets. The age at weaning varies between 45 and 90 days. The dominant pathologies remain external parasitoses and digestive diseases causing diarrhea. These pathologies are present in all the farms visited. The farms display an average annual gross profit between 40 and 60 pigs/year depending on their size, based on 3600 FC/kg or 2.1 $ dollars per carcass. Once we can estimate that the farm generates a result of 2,400 $ to $3,600 dollars per year or $ 200 to $ 300 dollars per month in income for the family. Young sows are put into breeding at 10 or 12 months when their weight reaches 80 or 100 kg live weight. Litter size is 8-12 piglets born alive and 6-8 piglets are weaned on average. Females are mated on average two to three times during heat, until the sow refuses mating. Future breeders are sold at $ 40 to $ 70 for piglets 2 to 3 months old. Breeders sell their pigs to commission agents who act on their behalf and make group purchases from breeders before proceeding with slaughter. The slaughter and consumption of pigs is also done locally. The animals are purchased at a price of 3,600 FC per kg of carcass. Slaughtering takes place at the slaughterhouse after payment of a tax of 1,500 FC. Once the animals have been slaughtered, skinned and inspected, the carcass is then transported on the back of a cart or on a motorcycle taxi to be sold at the Kindu central market at a price of 4,500 FC to 5,000 FC/kg. The roasters, for their part, offer meat skewers or pieces of cooked pork to consumers at prices ranging from 1000 FC per skewer at the restaurant bar and 1000 FC or 2000 FC per piece of meat. This study shows that pig farming is a very profitable activity as long as it is well managed. The constraints remain linked to management, the quality of production and processing. Improvement strategies should focus on the organization, accountability and supervision of stakeholders for better management of production in the interest of the development of this breeding.

Medieval archaeological bridges located in the region of Adjara (Georgia) have been studied. It is shown that the mineralogic-petrographic composition of the fog is almost uniform. The carbonate part of the mortar equals is 20-25%, and the aluminosilicate part reaches 70-80%. The exception is the bridge of Varjanauli, where the carbonate part is more than 40%. It is recommended to use a high quality cigar to keep the brushes in the rehabilitation and restoration of bridges.

Quality Protein Maize (QPM) is bred for its high protein content compared to conventional varieties. To study the genetic effect of grain yield and other agronomic traits, field experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti and Saint Michael’s Catholic Grammar School Farm, Efon-Alaaye, Ekiti State during 2011 cropping season in a complete diallel analysis using eight QPM inbred lines as parents with the objective to determine SCA and GCA among some selected Quality Protein Maize varieties. The mean values were significant with respect to grain yield with an average of 3.64 tha-1 for parents, 5.58 tha-1 for hybrids and 5.25 tha-1 for reciprocals, the hybrids had significantly higher grain yield than the parents. The GCA effects were significant for plant aspect, plant height, ear height, stalk lodge, ear drooping, ear rot, ear aspect and weight of 100seeds.However, the SCA was significant for all the traits. P1 (ACR,94TZECOM5-Y), P2 (OBATANPA/TZLCOM.1), P3 (POP66-SRQPM) and P4 (POP15-SR) are good combiners with P8 (POP66-SR). The crosses between P1 (ACR,94TZECOS5-Y), P2 (OBATASNPA/TZLCOMP.1), P4 (POP15-SR) and P8 (POP66-SR) have the potentials for superior hybrids formation.