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Present study was focused on intake of duckweed by chicks and to evaluate the growth performance and carcass characteristics of chicks. A total number of 106 chicks were allocated to 3 treatments with 3 replicates. The treatments were categorized into group A (25% duckweed and 75% commercial feed), group B (50% duckweed and 50% commercial feed) and group C (100% commercial feed). Results showed that crude protein was higher in group B followed by group A while in group C crude protein was lower but total feed intake, average weight, live weight, meat and bone weight, skin weight, head weight, liver weight, intestine weight and shank weight were higher as compared to group A and group B and this was due to the fluffy nature of duckweed and small size of crop. It was concluded that sewage grown duckweed can be successfully utilized as poultry feed. Chicks can survive on duckweed and farmer can save money. This is the first study in Pakistan.

The goal objective of this study is to propose a new double ARA transform (DARAT). We employ this transform to prove the convolution, existence and other relevant theorems as well as derivatives properties. Subsequently, this transform is applied to solve some illustrative integral- differential equations. This approach was shown to be a powerful and efficient means to tack integral- differential equations.

With regard to the great attention paid to the narrative point of view in the second half of the 20th century, one of the most conspicuous features of childhood and youthful vision is to concretize the incidents and the events of the stories. It is evident that the innocent view of children, who are far from the personal prejudice which the adults cannot avoid, is very different from the adults’ viewpoint. This same discrepancy endows the writer with the possibility to characterize his/her personages more concretely. Moreover, the disparity between the world pictured by young characters and that of the adults may reveal many social and psychological anomalies more tangibly: those facts which do not fit into the carefree and unaffected world of children like human pains such as social injustice and inequality; evils like envy and maliciousness. But instead, children in their look at their surrounding are endowed with a camera-like precision and meticulousness, which adults have lost: the credit that families deny to their children, unaware of the fact that they are under the scrutiny of their children and often imitated by them. Thus, the writer sometimes equips himself/herself with this meek and innocent view, but lets the reader judge what happens around him/her with the same maturity and sophistication of an adult on-looker. Therefore, in this study the writers have presented ten Persian contemporary writers’ deliberate utilization of children’s and young adults’ viewpoint in their stories and the advantage of this technique in objective delineation of the major issue of children and families in their stories.

Visceral leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease due essentially, at the level of the Mediterranean, to infection by leishmania infantum. Usually rare in adults, its prevalence has recently increased, including in immunocompetent person, with an annual number of new cases between 1.5 and 2 millions. The visceral form can be a diagnostic challenge because of the great variability of its clinical presentations. We describe the very atypical case of a rare form of visceral leishmaniasis (VL).

The dried leaves of Ocimum basilicum 100 g, produced 8.25% of concentrated volatile oil by hydro distillation method, the constituent of the oil were examined by GC-MS, it contained, Methyl eugenol (54.02%), Linalool (21.34%)?-cubebene (5.200%), Limonene (1.01%) nerol (0.875%), epsilon-muurolene(0.831% )?-pinene (0.76%) as the major compounds. The effect of volatile oil of Ocimum basilicum L, against six different pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomona aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumonia and Bacillus cereus, were carried out by using a disc diffusion technique, the highest antibacterial activity was detected against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.5 mm inhibition zone); and its lowest against Klebsiella pneumonia (11.95mm inhibition zone).The antibacterial activity of the synthetic antibiotics, (Ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline Ceftriaxone, Chloramphenicol and Gentamycin, were tested by the disc diffusion method, and by measuring zones of inhibition, shows that there were significant differences, among all antibiotic the highest activity of antibiotic against bacteria was due to the action of ciprofloxacin (22.12 mm inhibition zone) and the lowest activity was due to the action of Ceftriaxone (10.8mm inhibition zone), among the bacteria, the highest inhibition zone by antibiotic is Salmonella typhimurium(17.8 mm inhibition zone), the lowest inhibition zone by antibiotic is Klebsiella pneumonia (10.96mm inhibition zone), there was no significant different between antibiotic and the volatile oil of Ocimmum basilicum in this study.

We present a number of significant engineering insights on what makes a good configuration for medium- to large size wireless mesh networks when the objective function is to maximize the minimum throughput among all flows. For this, we first develop efficient and exact computational tools using column generation with greedy pricing that allow us to compute exact solutions for networks significantly larger than what has been possible so far. We also develop very fast approximations that compute nearly optimal solutions for even larger cases. Finally, we adapt our tools to the case of proportional fairness and show that the engineering insights are very similar.

Ductus Caroticus, the embryonic dorsal aorta between points of junction with the third and fourth branchial arch arteries normally disappears in early embryonic life. If persist, it forms a thin strand of tissue without lumen, called a “ligamentum caroticum” or a short communicating vessel with lumen, a ductus, as a fair-sized artery, called the “arteria muscularis cervicis”. In anomalous condition, it persisted as a wide open vessel, between the third and fourth branchial arch arteries and it is treated as “Clinical significant anomalies” in the branchial arch arteries. The present study aimed to through insight knowledge about this unusual variant.

To develop a 3D computational model of a Surface Acoustic Wave based sensor in order to understand the SAW wave propagation characteristics built with enhanced sensitivity. A Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) is an acoustic wave propagating along the surface of a solid material. SAW’s are featured in many kinds of electronic components including filters, oscillators, sensors, etc. SAW devices typically use electrodes on a piezoelectric material to convert an electrical signal to a SAW and back again. In this model we investigate the resonance frequencies of a SAW gas sensor, which consists of an Inter Digitated Transducer (IDT) etched onto a piezoelectric LiNbO3 (Lithium Niobate) substrate and covered with a thin Poly Isobutylene (PIB) film. The mass of the PIB film increases as PIB selectivity adsorbs CH2Cl2 (Dichrolomethane, DCM) in the air. This causes a shift in resonance to a slightly lower frequency.

In this paper an attempt is made to highlight and strengthen the inherent role of quantum gravity in cosmology. At any time, the product of cosmic ‘critical density’ and ‘critical Hubble volume’ can be called as the ‘critical mass’ of the evolving universe. By considering the Planck mass as the critical mass connected with big bang, Planck scale critical mass density and Hubble constant can be defined. Proceeding further, it can be suggested that, during evolution, cosmic thermal energy density may be directly proportional to critical mass-energy density. Observed redshift can be reinterpreted as a cosmological light emission phenomenon connected with cosmologically reinforcing hydrogen atom. To understand the ground reality of cosmic rate of expansion, accuracy of the current methods of estimating the magnitudes of current Hubble’s constant and current CMBR temperature must be improved.

Survival analysis as a field of statistics has had a remarkable growth in the latter half of the last century. The methods used by survival analysis that have led to this insightful impact are the Kaplan-Meier method used in estimating the survival function, the log-rank test commonly used to determine the differences between two or more survival distributions and the Cox Proportional Hazard model used for investigating the effects of covariates on the hazard function. The parametric methods are rarely used. In this work, we present the basic concepts of survival analysis. Furthermore, we compare the semi-parametric (Cox Proportional Hazard) and parametric methods for analysing survival data. We apply these methods to HIV/AIDS infected patients from secondary data to determine the prognostic factors of the event of mortality of the patients. It was found that the parametric method of survival analysis is good and probably preferred if the correct distribution is identified; and that drug abuse history of patients, tuberculosis status, patients’ adherence to drugs and the patients’ CD4 cell counts are prognostic factors for mortality experience of HIV/AIDS patients.