Archives-J 

To combat violence against women (VAW) and help VAW victims access proper health care facilities, ensuring a gender-friendly health information system is of special concern. The experiences of VAW victims in accessing and availing proper clinical and psychological services are determined by many factors. Among many, the location or distance of the nearest health care services, availability of doctors, mindset of the husbands, in-laws and relatives, the economic condition of the victim?s family, duration of the treatment based on the severity of the injury are the main factors. Also, the naturalization of domestic violence against women in the grass-roots level is one of the major obstacles in engendering health information system in Bangladesh for which victims are not mostly being able to avail proper health care services. Creating awareness among community people and others involved in health care services and making them gender-aware has no other alternative.

Unemployment is a global challenge especially to developing nations like Pakistan. In the current era motivating the nation towards entrepreneurship is recommended to be a solution of unemployment. As adequate number of jobs both in government and private sectors are not being generated due to economic crisis in Pakistan, it is perceived that more entrepreneurial projects should mitigate the unemployment. Nevertheless, opting entrepreneurship is one solution, however the question arises is it a universal solution of unemployment for people of all classes in a nation? This conceptual cum empirical study contributes a critical view on the role of entrepreneurship in mitigating unemployment in Pakistan with the help of existing literature, expert’s opinions and logical analysis. The study concluded that although entrepreneurship is a solution for unemployment, but it is not universally applicable for all people in Pakistan. The study recommends that measures must be taken to ensure balance of new vacancies in all walks of life as every person in the nation cannot serve an entrepreneur. Further, a nation for its prosperity and growth depends on quality professionals in all spheres of life. The study therefore concluded not to consider entrepreneurship a panacea. In addition to using entrepreneurship as one tool, it recommends production and utilization of quality professionals in all walks of life with continuous generation of adequate vacancies at a predefined periodic interval to address unemployment effectively.

The modeling of a parallel ferroresonant circuit leads to a single-phase model formed of many elements, which of course translates into a large number of state variables, and therefore of high dimension. We show how it is possible to gradually reduce the adopted model dimension while retaining certain characteristic quantities which seemed important for the ferroresonance study; and validate the different approximations made. Different results temporal and frequency obtained numerically on the developed models (simulating parallel ferroresonance real cases), are presented and commented. We confirm that the parallel ferroresonance is sufficiently represented qualitatively by a reduced model of dimension three.

Alpha track detectors has been used for soil radon gas measurements at some faulted areas in Accra, Ghana aiming to advice the public on indoor radon gas. This was performed on forty two (42) sample pits within a 70 m X 100 m spaced grid at Dome-Kwabenya, District and fifteen (15) sample pits within a 300 m X 200 m spaced grid at Dunkonah, Weija district. Comparison method for determining uranium concentration with track-etch detectors was used for uranium levels at study areas. Soil radon gas which gets to the surfaces was estimated by monitoring radon gas 1 meter above sample pits. In the Districts, soil radon concentrations varied from 10.21 ± 0.46 kBq/m3 to 22.67 ± 0.68 kBq/m3 and 6.46 ± 0.36 kBq/m3 to 27.54 ± 0.75 kBq/m3 respectively. The estimated ambient radon gas concentration also varied from 575.97 to 1256.40 Bq/m3 and from 376.47 to 1470.80 Bq/m3. The ambient levels yielded an estimated annual absorbed dose varying from 10.90 to 23.77 mSv/y and from 7.12 to 28.34 mSv/y. The estimated effective dose was from 26.16 to 57.06 mSv/y and from 17.10 to 68.02 mSv/y.

It has been found that the solar tree produces more energy than a conventional flat rooftop arrangement of solar PV system or modules. The solar energy converts the sunlight energy directly into electrical energy by making use of photo -voltaic or concentrated solar power. The energy demand is increasing with each period, as a result the grid electric supply unit prices are also increasing day by day. For example, with the supply of oil the quantity of oil is decreasing and the prices are increasing. Similarly in case of coal which is abundantly for the production of electricity is available for few more hundred years. So in order to fulfill the increasing demand of energy we must have some alternative sources of nonconventional sources of energy. The energy from the sun is the best alternative among all the renewable sources of energies. It is available free of cost, inexhaustible, non-polluting, eco-friendly and continuously. The main drawback of solar panels is the land requirement for the installation of solar panels. The developed solar artifact requires only 1% of the land compared to the flat rooftop to produce same amount of energy. A single converting cell or more generally known as a photo voltaic cell, but a combination of cells in series or parallel designed to increase the power output is called solar module or solar array. In this article the load capacity or energy requirement of a small house in India is estimated to 1.74kWhr/day [6]. All the calculations are done considering solar radiation data at Durgapur, West Bengal. As per experimentation it is found that tracking system can be easily employed in solar artifact, hence its performance will be better than flat solar PV system. The solar cells are mounted in a phyllotaxy pattern to avoid any obstruction from the others. Keywords: Solar artifact, phyllotaxy pattern, PV system, Solar module, manual tracking.

The present work deals with the study of mechanical properties of epoxy filled with coconut shell powder and egg shell powder. Epoxy with coconut spell powder and egg shell powder composite was prepared with different filler concentration using hand lay-up technique. Specimens were cut according to the ASTM standards for different experiments, such as flexural test, vickers hardness test and water absorption test. It is observed that at 10 wt% of filler content, coconut shell powder gives the best results for Vickers hardness, flexural strength and flexural modulus. In water absorption test 20% C.S.P absorbs more water compared to other samples.

The need for eco friendly alternatives to conventional cutting fluids arises because usage of conventional cutting fluids poses threat to ecology and health of workers. The present work focuses on performance of nano solid lubricant suspensions in vegetable oils in turning of AISI1040 steel in minimum quantity lubrication(MQL). Soyabean, canola and coconut oils are taken as base lubricants with suspensions of 100nm sized boric acid particles. These particles are characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and particle size analyzer to confirm their purity and particle size. Variation of basic properties like thermal conductivity, specific heat and heat transfer coefficient are evaluated from empirical relations, to check the viability of nano lubricants in machining. Variation of cutting tool temperatures, average tool flank wear and surface roughness of the machined surface with cutting speed and feed are studied with the prepared nano lubricants. Results are encouraging and coconut oil seems to be more advantageous compared to other vegetable oils.

This paper presents the failure analysis of the turbine blade of a gas turbine engine 9E GE type, installed in a certain type of simple systems consisting of the gas turbine driving an electrical power generator. A non-linear finite element method was utilised to determine the stress state of the blade segment under operating conditions. High stress zones were found at the region of the lower fir-tree slot, where the failure occurred. A computation was also performed with excessive rotational speed. Attention of this study is devoted to the mechanisms of damage of the turbine blade and also the critical high stress areas.

This paper examined some features of informal land market especially in the provision of services in Janruwa. The head of households served as the sample of the study. Simple random sampling technique was used in administering the questionnaires, while in analyzing the data obtained from the respondents descriptive statistics is employed. Most of the information gathered was from the residents of the study area. Informal interviews were also held with some staff of state Urban Development Board and Ministry of Lands and environment. It was found that, since the market operated outside any regulatory framework of the government, transactions in the markets were unrecorded; land purchases were exclusively funded through personal savings; plots were subdivided which were below official standards set for even the low density residential areas; proliferation of informal settlements and there are little or even non provision of basic services. A machinery for recording transaction in the market for the purpose of creating a cadastral data base for the area was recommended; activities of the informal land market should be regulated by government to check the dubious activities of land agents, formal lending institutions should be encouraged to fund the market, Bauchi State Urban Development Board should re-enforce planning and building regulations in Janruwa and Bauchi metropolis in general. Bauchi state government should also provide basic services in the study area.

This paper presents a digital method to develop the three phase voltage source inverter control unit using field programmable gate array (FPGA) based digital Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) algorithm. In this paper the complicate equations of SVPWM algorithm are simplified to effortless instructions such as shift, addition and subtraction operands in the proposed digital design. Furthermore low power digital circuit to make FPGA based SVPWM control is implemented. The achieved dynamic power consumption is about 63 mW in FPGA clock frequency of 100 MHz. The proposed digital SVPWM was synthesized and implemented using Xilinx ISE and Virtex IV FPGA, with target device XC4VFX100. Also power is analyzed using XPower analyzer. The simulation results demonstrate that proposed method has reduced power consumption.