Archives-J  

Man as a social and political being tends to live and interact with his fellow beings in the society. He organizes his existence which is life, liberty and happiness as common good in the society. In this paper, Hart’s Concept of Law tries to argue for an accurate and concise legal positivism which brings the source of legal authority into acceptance by a system of rules which is grounded in a fundamental recognition that determines what is to be included among the legal rules. This seeks to offer an explanation to the concept of law differently from the popular utilitarian command which sufficiently describes criminal law, but is limited in describing legal system generally. It expresses the act of obligation which takes itself as a guide for behavior and holds the fact that law is to be followed than to be motivated by threat of punishment. To achieve this, Hart works out a form of legal positivism that reveals legal and moral connection at some points. In view of this, using the expository, descriptive, analytic and evaluative methods, the study established that, Hart’s exposition on law is beyond mere sanctioning, which involves imposing obligatory rules that characterizes a political society built on democratic principles.

In this study, various Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) were developed to determine the economics indices for seed and grain corn production in Ardabil province, Iran. For this purpose, the data was collected by a face-to-face interview method from 144 corn farms during 2011 and analyzed. The results indicated that total energy input for seed and grain corn productions was about 45162.77 and 35198.11, respectively. The developed ANN was a multilayer perceptron (MLP) with six neurons in the input layer (human labor, machinery, diesel fuel, chemical fertilizer, chemicals, seed), one, two and three hidden layer(s) of various numbers of neurons and four neuron (BCR, P, TR, NR) in the output layer. The results of ANNs analyze showed that the best MLP network models for predicting economic indices in seed and grain corn production had (6-6-10-4) and (6-4-8-4) topologies, respectively. For these topologies, MSE, MAE and R2 calculated. The ANN approach appears to be a suitable method for modeling output energy, fuel consumption, CO2 emission, yield, and energy consumption.

Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) is an inherited genetic condition characterized by the presence of multiple exostoses (osteochondromas). We report here the management of a rare case of a 29-year-old woman presented with multiple painless bony lumps that had developed insidiously over the past 10 years. The sites of involvement were the knees and the distal thirds of the fore arms and femurs. Radiographs showed well-defined sessile bone-density spurs arising from the metaphyses, with no alterations in the surrounding soft tissues. After surgical resection, histological examination of the operative specimens established the diagnosis of hereditary multiple exostosis.

E-commerce has become one of the most commodious methods of shopping because of the technological revolution. Research shows internet shopping is much preferred by people rather than the traditional mode of shopping. Millions of user-generated comments are posted daily on the web, and analysis of these opinions could be more directive towards the customers and manufacturers. That makes the Sentiment analysis of online reviews one of the most sought-after research topic. This paper portrays our experimental work on domain-specific feature-based sentiment analysis of product review. In this paper, we worked with some fixed predefined core features of a product for presenting the customer’s acceptance of the principal attributes of a product so that the manufacturer can improve the quality of the basic features. We have proposed a feature-oriented sentiment prediction scheme. That analyses the generated expressions from the textual reviews of a product for predicting sentiment and assigns scores for our predefined features to present a net sentiment profile of a product of all parameters. With 92% accuracy, our sentiment detection scheme is proved to be an effective way to highlight the core attributes that seem to be really beneficial to the customer and manufacturer.

The New Industrial Policy (NIP) was introduced in 1991. The key elements of the NIP are the abolition of licensing of capital goods, reduced list of industries to be reserved for the public sector, increasing foreign equity ownerships in domestic industries, private investment in infrastructure, freer import of capital goods, reduced tariff for consumer goods, de-regulation in small scale industrial units and allowing greater inflow as well as outflow of foreign investment. These aim to enhance productivity and efficiency in Indian industries by increasing competition, creating level playing field among public, private and foreign business and generating environment which is conducive for technological growth. Manufacturing growth is important for achieving balanced growth of the economy and generating adequate employment. For this purpose, it is necessary to determine the manufacturing growth that would help a higher growth rate of the economy as well as ensuring longer employment.

A parametric mean length is defined as the quantity , Where This being the useful mean length of codewords weighted by utilities,  Lower and upper bounds for are derived in terms of ‘useful’ information measure.

The aim of the present article is to investigate the notion of ambivalent identity in Wole Soyinka’s 1960 play, A Dance of the Forests. The central question of the study is: how does the main character behave when he is confronted with a different culture? To answer the question, the research does a postcolonial reading of Soyinka’s A Dance of the Forests. First, an introduction to postcolonialism, Soyinka’s literary career, various views on the ambivalent identity and a summary of the play are presented, and then the concept of ambivalent identity is explored in Demoke’s conduct. The research reveals that Demoke expresses definite ambivalence throughout the play. The article concludes that Demoke feels connected to the past and present, good and evil, creation and destruction at the same time.

Nitrate contamination of drinking water has become a massive public health concern since excessive nitrate concentrations are found to cause several health disorders. The present study was undertaken to investigate the nitrate levels in the groundwaters of Bellandur during the pre- and post-monsoon periods of 2017, compare the analysis results with the drinking water standards as per the Bureau of Indian standards (BIS) and assess the potential risk to human health by evaluating by using the Hazard Index (HI) with respect to nitrates. This was achieved by subjecting 30 groundwater samples each, collected from the study area, during the pre and post monsoon seasons. The analysis results reveal that 53.33% of the samples contain nitrate in excess of 45 mg/l, the maximum allowable limits of drinking water laid down by BIS. The hazard index (HI) was evaluated by computing the Chronic Daily Intake (CDI). Results reveal that 14 samples in the post-monsoon and 12 samples in the pre-monsoon have a hazard index greater than unity (1), which indicates a high level of risk due to nitrate exposure in the groundwater endangering the respondents due to excessive nitrate concentrations in the groundwater.

A Steady State Mass Balance method (SSMB) in all different forms was used to calculate the critical load of sulphur and nitrogen for soil. The present load of sulphur (161.1 Eq ha-1 yr-1), nitrogen (49.9 Eq ha-1 yr-1) and ammonium (176.8 Eq ha-1 yr-1) were calculated from wet and dry deposition from Agra region. The values of critical load of sulphur and nitrogen for soil with respect to wheat (Triticum vulgaris), maize (Zea mays), rye (Triticale), potato (Solanum tuberosum), lemon (Citrus argentifolium), anjan grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) and bajra (Pennisetum typhoides) were calculated.The values of actual acidity calculated were lower than the values assessed by the RAINS-Asia model of this area. It has been concluded that chloride also plays an important role in the acid deposition which changes the value of critical load significantly.

In this study effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on performance, emission and combustion of a single cylinder, four stroke spark ignition are investigated. EGR is one of the most effective means of reducing NOx emissions from IC engines and is widely used in order to meet the emission standards. In the present work, experimental investigation has been carried out to study the performance, emission and combustion characteristics by exhaust gas recirculation in a SI engine using various catalytic coatings and different EGR flow rate. Experimental results show that NOx emissions were reduced when the engine was operated with cooled EGR. The maximum NOx reduction for copper coated engine with 10% EGR is about 45 % lower than standard engine. The other catalytic coatings like chromium and nickel shown the NOx reduction of 7 % and 4 % lower than standard engine.