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In this research, a descriptive study was done and 190 individual samples as questionnaire forms were collected from general physicians who attended in hospitals, educational and private centers in Kermanshah and Tehran cities, Iran. After collecting the questionnaires, data were analysed using SPSS 13 software and chi-square test. The results showed that in 74.2 % and 68.4 % of cases, nasal x-ray film was requested in patients with the prior history of cosmetic nasal surgery and medicolegal reasons, respectively which is in line with the work done by some researchers [2,3]. There were significant correlations among old nasal fracture, medicolegal reasons and prior history of cosmetic nasal surgery with requesting of nasal x-ray films (P-value <0.01), whereas there were not any significant correlations between requesting of nasal x-ray films and sexuality of physicians or type of centers (private and educational). The causes of nasal x-ray film requesting based on the viewpoint of physicians were: 1) medicolegal reasons, 2) the prior history of cosmetic nasal surgery and 3) old nasal fracture, respectively. According to these results, the frequency of nasal x-ray film requesting is relatively high and more studies in a longer time period are necessary to clarify the causes.

Nanocrystalline lead sulphide thin films have been deposited on glass substrates from chemical baths containing lead acetate, sodium hydroxide, ammonia and thiourea at a bath temperature of 90 0C and a pH of about 12. Three different samples were prepared with deposition times of 30, 45 and 60 minutes respectively. The films were characterized using a variety of techniques. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that all the films were polycrystalline in nature with the diffraction peaks indexed to the face centered cubic structure. The deposition time strongly influenced the preferred orientations of the crystallites as well as structural parameters such as average crystallite size, strain and dislocation density. SEM micrographs of all the films showed a highly compact surface composed of sharp-edged cubic shaped grains of different sizes. The elemental compositions of the films were confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The optical band gap of the films decreased from 1.32 eV to 1.10 eV with increasing deposition time.

The possibility of using a three phase pipe separator to separate a mixture of air-water oil was investigated. A 30 ID laboratory based pipe separator was designed, fabricated and installed to study the separation efficiency of air-water-oil mixture. A mixture of air-water-oil flow run through the pipe separator and the separation efficiency calculated in term of the percentage of clean water by volume at the water-rich outlet calculated. The results obtained showed that a clean water stream at the water-rich outlet of the pipe separator is achievable at high water volume fractions and low oil content. This confirmed the possibility that the three phase pipe separator can function as a free water knock-out device.

In this paper, the magnetohydrodynamic oscillatory Stokes flow past a porous sphere has been discussed. A uniform magnetic field is applied transversely to the flow field. Flow outside the porous region is governed by unsteady Stokes equation and Darcy’s law is used in the porous region. Drag and torque are calculated using Faxen’s law. It is observed that the increase or decrease of the drag and torque depends on the effect of magnetic field with variable permeability. The effect of magnetic field on various flow quantities like drag and torque has been observed for uniform oscillatory flow, doublet in uniform flow and oscillating Stokeslet. Graphs are plotted for various measures and results are obtained using these graphs.

Medical-Tourism is the buzz word and talk of the day, today. State-of-the art medical assistance and the potential and exciting tourism opportunities joined together and leading to the most potential segment that is Medical-Tourism in health industries and tourism industries segment. Though it is advanced globally, India has entered this field and marching ahead. Economical and affordable cost of medical sciences with tourism attached to it, is making the seekers to throng to our country and is offering as a potential segment of business with both modern and ancient medicine in process. There are many leading players in this segment both in public and private sectors. This article discusses few of the above issues and potential Opportunities in this segment.

We are very happy to announce that from 28th December 2016, Mr. Tanvir Singh has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Electronics and Communication Engineering. The appointment of Mr. Tanvir Singh as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.

Kenya is administratively divided into forty-seven (47) counties each of which shall be under the stewardship of a County Governor once the new constitution is finally implemented. These officers shall be tasked with the coordination of governance and development in the respective administrative areas. Like specific country Heads of State in the case of New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), County Governors shall be regarded as peers and hence accountable to both the government and the local community for any development activities. In the NEPAD development thinking, specific countries are required to undertake in-house reviews of their development policies and performance in governance, human rights and social service provision among others. The resultant data are presented to other African Heads of State and Government for peer review and the particular Head of State/Government made to answer for any development shortcomings. Similarly, to improve governance and accountability of leaders in areas under their purview, County Governors in Kenya could be subjected to the same peer review, hence NEPAD from below. This paper examines the APRM philosophy as a development archetype and argues for its intra-country domestication in Kenya focusing on the County.

This paper utilized Taguchi robust design of experiment to obtain the optimum response and optimum setting of control factors affecting the impact strength response of ukam plant fiber reinforced CNSL biocomposite. Fiber Orientation (A), Fiber volume fraction (B) and Aspect ratio(C) are the considered process parameters used in the study. Charpy Impact test was carried out considering Standard L9 orthogonal array for the nine experimental runs and the optimization was done based on a larger is better Signal Noise ratio. Fiber volume fraction had the most significant effect on impact strength response evaluated. The optimum impact strength was captured as 11.12963KJ/m2.

P_2p-factorization of a complete bipartite graph for an integer was studied by Wang [1]. Further, Beiliang [2] extended the work of Wang [1], and studied the -factorization of complete bipartite multigraphs. For even value of in -factorization, the spectrum problem is completely solved [1, 2, 3]. However for odd value of i.e. and , the path factorization have been studied by a number of researchers [4, 5, 6, 7]. Again, factorizations of complete bipartite multigraphs and symmetric complete bipartite multi-digraphs were studied by Wang and Beiliang[8]. Also, Beiliang and Wang have shown that Ushio conjecture is true for bipartite graphs[9]. In the present paper we shall show that ushio conjecture is also true for factorization of complete bipartite graphs. That is, we shall prove that a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a -factorization of is integer.

Willful or unintended and negligent noncompliance to the advice of a clinician and recommended prescription medication by the elderly may have widespread ramifications, and often leads to hospitalizations, and increases in home health care costs and death. The elderly in the United States, average 12.7 prescriptions per year, consume 30% of prescription medications, spend $15 billion annually, and some receive eight or more medications per day. The focus of this qualitative study with a phenomenological design was to gain insight into the lived experiences in respect of pharmacological noncompliance. The participants for this study included 20 elderly African American individuals from Wisconsin. The research questions were framed to conform to a phenomenological study. The purpose of the study was to gain insight into the personal lived experiences of study participants in respect of medication compliance and adhering and complying with the medical advice of physician medical practitioners. Participants narrated life’s story regarding a personal medical condition and the ability to adhere to the instructions of a physician. The normative decision-making theory served as the conceptual framework and reference, to gain a deeper understanding of the motivations that drive, or constrain compliance to medication. The analysis of the data took place after completion of the research. The interviews were coded, transcribed, and categorized to facilitate the analysis of the data using an appropriate software program. The findings of the study indicated that the elderly experience different challenges. The responses of participants showed that the compliance levels increased when a greater and individualized interest is taken in the patient by healthcare providers. Patients are less likely to comply with the medical advice of a physician when there is little effort made to build and sustain a caring physician-patient relationship. The findings of this study may advance understanding of compliance to medical treatment, as the quest for improving the quality of life is ongoing and continuous in the United States.