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We deposited CdS and ZnS chalcogenides thin films on different substrates by Chemical Bath Deposition Technique. Structural, Surface Morphology and Optical properties of as deposited CdS and ZnS films were investigated by XRD, SEM, FTIR and UV-VIS Spectrophotometer. It is found that, the average grain size of CdS and ZnS in the films is 08 to 130nm and 08 to 113nm. The band gap is also calculated from the equation relating absorption co-efficient to wavelength. The band gap indicates the film is transmitting within the visible range and the band gaps changes because of the grain size of the CdS and ZnS in the films. We also observed that, the change in preparative parameters affects the deposition rate of thin films. From the observation, it is clear that the growth rate increases as the deposition temperature, deposition time, molarities of the solution increases. It is also clear that the growth rate increases as the film thickness and grain sizes increases while band gap decreases.

Comparative study of O-butylation of phenols under Liquid-Liquid biphasic versus solid-liquid-liquid and Liquid-Liquid-Liquid triphasic phase transfer catalysis has been carried out. 1-Butyl bromide was used as an alkylating agent. Tetrabutyl ammonium hydrogen sulphate was used as Phase transfer catalyst. The rates of reaction were enhanced under the triphasic PTC as compared to the Liquid-Liquid PTC.

IT organizations can now outsource computer hardware by leasing CPU time through cloud computing services. The problem here is the effectiveness is becoming less due to burden on single cloud while working with MTC applications .This paper deals with defining the feasible solutions with MTC applications using the programming models for computing over a Multi clouds instead of single cloud for effectiveness.

The present study aimed at to find out the conflicts of faculty members with responsibilities, administration and colleagues in the educational organizations. Population of the study was comprised of male and female colleges of Rawalpindi District. Sample of the study comprised of four post graduate colleges (two male and two female) of Rawalpindi District. A stratified random sample of 150 male and female faculty members were selected from each college. Results show that the female has more conflicts towards responsibilities, administration and colleagues than male. Junior staff members have high level of conflicts than senior members and married faculty members are facing fewer conflicts than unmarried faculty members.

Acceptance sampling plans developed relating to groups of items on testers are called the group acceptance sampling plan (GASP). In this scheme, a sample of items is distributed into different groups and a lot of product is rejected if more than a specified number of failures are recorded in any group. A group ac¬ceptance sampling schedule can be used to save the time and cost in inspection as compared with classical acceptance sampling. In this paper, a procedure for constructing a group acceptance sampling plan (GASP) indexed through indifference quality level (IQL) and Inverse Rayleigh distribution is proposed. Suitable tables and examples are also provided for easy selection of the plans.

Two cationic surfactants namely; N-(2-hydroxyehtyl)-N,N-dimethyldodecane-1-aminium bromide (I) and , N-(2-(2-mercaptoacetoxy)ethyl)-N,N-dimethyl dodecan-1-aminium bromide (II) were synthesized and characterized using FTIR and NMR spectroscopic methods. The two synthesized surfactants were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for X- 65 type carbon steel in oil wells formation water under CO2 environment at 50 0C and antimicrobial agents against sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). It was found that the percentage inhibition efficiency (?%) was increased by increasing the inhibitor concentration until the critical micelle concentration (CMC) is reached. Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicated that the inhibitors under investigation act as mixed type. The data obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were analyzed to model the corrosion inhibition process through equivalent circuit. The nature of the protective film formed on carbon steel surface was analyzed by SEM and EDX techniques. The serial dilution method was used to evaluate the inhibiting effect of these compounds on the sulfate reducing bacteria growth. The results showed that the prepared compounds have good antimicrobial activities against the SRB as well as they have acceptable efficiency as corrosion inhibitors for X- 65 type carbon steel in oil wells formation water.

There are several types of neural network architectures and training techniques that can be used to make an artificial neural network capable of fault detection and identification. They possess powerful characteristics such as fast learning, fault tolerance and ability to produce correct output when fed with partial inputs. Different Neural networks offer variety of framework for modeling and control based on their structure, dynamics and learning methods. The performance of different artificial neural networks in fault diagnosis task have been demonstrated in this paper.

We are very happy to announce that from 1st February 2017, Dr. Ashish Kumar has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Chemical Sciences. Dr. Ashish Kumar working as Associate Professor & HOD, Chemistry Department, Lovely professional University, Punjab. The appointment of Dr. Ashish Kumar as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.

The problem of HIV/AIDS is not only a medical issue, but it is also a psychosocial issue. Infection as well as stigma presents the victim with a broad range of personal psychological experiences to negotiate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of psychological counseling on social acceptance of PLWHA. The target population of this study was 1000 (690 counseled and 310 not counseled) PLWHA. Out of the 1000 PLWHA a 30% was obtained and a total of 300 (208 counseled and 92 not counseled) PLWHA was selected through stratified sampling and simple random sampling. A total of 35 psychological counselors were identified using purposive sampling. The research instruments used were questionnaire and interviews. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS (14.0) by use of means and One-way ANOVA. Qualitative data was analyzed using selective coding, percentages and chi-square. The study established that psychological counseling has significant effect social acceptance of PLWHA. The findings may be useful in sensitizing the infected and affected persons on the significance of psychological counseling in enhancing psychosocial wellbeing of PLWHA. The results can be used to mobilize the Ministry of Health, NGOs, CBOs to employ psychological counselors to help in psychological counseling PLWHA.

The prices of oil, natural gas, uranium and coal are increasing at a high rate. It gives importance for all countries to focus on development of alternative energy resources. For developing countries, these price increases can have disastrous economic consequences; for many countries already overwhelmed by poverty this means a choice between fuel and food, health care, education and other essentials. Renewable energy resources need priority because: 1) the rapid climate change; 2) the severe health and environmental consequences from fossil fuel burning being experienced in every major developing country city; and 3) the high cost, environmental damages and security threats of nuclear power.