Archives-December 

This study utilizes a data envelopment analysis approach to survey the technical and scale efficiencies of peach fridges with respect to energy consumption conservation of products in Mazandaran province of Iran. The study also helps to recognize the wasteful uses of energy by incompetent units and to establish the optimum level of energy from different inputs. Data used in this study were collected from 18 peach fridges in Mazandaran province, Iran. The results showed that, the total energy of 3363344 MJ/1000kg capacity was consumed for peach fridges and about 23% of peach fridges were found to be technically efficient and the technical, pure technical and scale efficiency scores of units were found to be 0.78, 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. The results also expressed that on average, a potential 645762 MJ/1000kg capacity (about 19.2%) reduction in total energy input could be acceded provided all units operated efficiently, assuming no other constraints on this adjustment.

CNC Wire cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM) has become an important non-traditional machining process which is used to manufacture intricate shapes with great accuracy and good surface roughness. Due to large number of process parameters and response characteristics, lots of researchers have attempted to model and optimize the process. This paper reviews the research trends in relation between different process parameters and different performance measures including Surface roughness (Ra),material removal rate (MRR), Dimensional deviation (DD), kerf width (KW) and wire wear ratio (WWR). In addition, this paper highlights different optimization methods and discusses their role in CNC WEDM process.

The exact estimation of configuration activities on the structure is imperative in basic plan as it altogether influences the last outline and targets. Any mistake in the estimation of configuration activities may prompt to wrong after effects of auxiliary investigation on the structure and prompt to the unlikely measuring of its basic individuals or even crumple of the structure. Accordingly it is vital to represent the most antagonistic impacts of live loads on the structure. The thought of example stacking relies on upon the proportion of dead to live load and the sort of basic part. Nowadays the greater parts of the architects are not considering the distinctive live load examples to get the unfriendly impact of the structure. Considering the live load to all the section boards may not fitting to gauge the plan parameters. In this unique situation, an endeavour is required to see the impact of example live load on the structure under seismic burdens. The impact of example load might be not quite the same as uncovered edge structure and furthermore infill structures. For the present work a customary symmetrical building will be picked and the structure is stacked with various examples live stacking is dissected by utilizing reaction range technique for seismic load case with and without infill walls. A limited component programming ETABS will be utilized for the examination of structures. The conduct of the structure will be examined as far as base shear, story shear, storey floats, day and age and furthermore twisting minutes and shear drives in identified sections.

This present paper analyses the present status of edible oil manufacturing in the country. After basic study and OEE calculation, maintenance improvement program is implemented and gaps are identified. Mainly the degumming section are focused as it is one of the important section are identified. The main purpose of this present paper is to provide an overview of the typical processes and interrelations associated with a total integrated process and maintenance activities. OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) are calculated regularly which will prove to be beneficial to those new in the industry. It must be stressed that this present research work attempts to touch in a limited number area of production equipments or departments. Continuous measurement of OEE has proven remarkable improvement.

Streptococcus pyogenes infections have increased significantly in the last few decades. This increase in the infection rate is primarily due to development of resistance against macrolides and tetracyclines. A total of 250 pharyngeal swab samples were collected during four months time period. Samples were divided in to four groups; age group 1-4 years, 5-12years, 13-18 years and ?18 years. Isolates obtained were run for the evaluation of antibiotic resistance against ten antibiotics by using Kirby-Bauer's method/disc diffusion method. Out of 250 samples, 71 were confirmed as S. pyogenes. The prevalence of GAS pharyngitis in different age groups was; 16.0% in age group 1-4 years, 48.8% in age group 5-12 years, 14.8% in age group 13-18 years and 20.4% in age group ?18 years. All the isolates were completely sensitive to penicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone and vancomycin whereas erythromycin, azithromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin, cholarmphenicol and levofloxacin resistance was recorded as 42.42%, 39.43%, 54.92%, 4.22%, 14.08% and 1.40% respectively. Data suggested that GAS pharyngitis was most prevalent in the age group 5-12 years and S. pyogenes was completely sensitive to penicillins and other cell wall synthesis inhibitors. However, higher resistance rates against macrolides (erythromycin and azithromycin) present an alarming situation in Pakistani population.

The purpose of this research was to compare the performance of different DFT methods at different basis sets in predicting geometry and vibrational spectrum of dopamine. The molecular structure and infrared spectrum of dopamine was studied. Quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory (DFT) with functions B3LYP, B3PW91, X3LYP, M06 and M06-2X at various basis set levels (6-311++G(d,p), 6-311++G(2d,2p) and Aug-cc-pVDZ) were performed. The computed result indicates that X3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level is distinctly superior to all the remaining DFT methods in predicting molecular structure of dopamine. The vibrational spectral analysis indicates the B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,2p) level is better than the other methods at all the remaining basis sets.

Direct and rapid procedures for the electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of Bi, Sb, and Cd in different biological samples using a multi-element electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometer (Perkin-Elmer SIMAA 6000) are described. Two kinds of modifiers; Pd(NO3)2 + Mg(NO3)2 mixture modifier and Ir-permanent modifier were tested. For Seronorm urine, Lyphocheck urine, Bovine liver, Pig kidney, Pork liver, and Tea, the samples were diluted (1:4, v/v), (1:1, v/v), (1:9, v/v), (1:29, v/v), (1:3, v/v), (1:4, v/v), respectively, with 0.2% HNO3 which were then introduced directly into the furnace. The detection limits were 0.90-1.5 µg.l-1 for Bi, 0.79-1.3 µg.l-1 for Sb, and 0.01-0.025 µg.l-1 for Cd. The Characteristic masses were 73.3-88 pg for Bi, 46.3-67.7 pg for Sb, and 1.7-3.3 pg for Cd. The reliability of the procedures is checked by analyzing certified reference materials. A standard additions method was used to determine Bi, Sb, and Cd in the samples simultaneously. Results of analysis of standard reference materials were in agreement with certified values.

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) experience frequent link failures caused by channel interference, bandwidth demands causes severe performance degradation in WMNs .Link failure will lead to produce a sequence of disruptions to deliver the packets to the destination. To overcome this ART rerouting the traffic via an alternative path from a node whose local link is down without the need to wait until the source node knows about the failure. This is achieved by creating a new backup routing table based on the original routing table which is computed by the dijkstra algorithm. The goal of these algorithms is to reduce loss of packets, end-to-end delay time, improve throughput.

Batch experimental technique was used to remove fluoride ions from aqueous solution using water hyacinth biomass as a low cost adsorbent under different experimental parameters. Stem fractions of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) were air dried for 8 days and in the oven for 24 hours at 110 0C and allowed to cool in a desiccator. They were ground into powder and sieved into various particle sizes and used in fluoride removal experiments.100 ml of solution containing known amounts of fluoride ion was added to 1 g of water hyacinth powder in a beaker, stirred and allowed to stand for predetermined times. The solution was filtered and the fluoride ion concentration in the filtrate was determined using ion selective electrode. The pH of the solution was maintained at 6.2 throughout the experiments. The adsorptive properties of fluoride ion were influenced by contact time, the adsorbent dosage and the particle size of the adsorbent. Water hyacinth powder effectively removed fluoride ion from aqueous solution. 

The Soret and Dufour effects of on mixed convection flow of a viscous incompressible radiating and dissipative fluid over an exponentially stretching vertical surface in a quiescent fluid is analyzed. Stretching velocity, wall temperature and wall concentrations are assumed to have specific exponential function forms. The governing system of partial differential equations is transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations and then solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta fourth order technique along with shooting method. The effects of the various parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are illustrated in graphically.