Archives-December 

The health of the economy is closely related to the soundness of its banking system. The banking sector influences the economic growth and development in terms of both quality and quantity, there by changing the nature of economic growth. Assessment of the bank's performance in terms of earnings level may reveal more about government policy than about the bank's own efficiency. The indicators commonly used for assessing productivity of banks are Business per employee/Branch, advances per employee/Branch, number of accounts per employee/branch etc. the results obtained by different factors need not be the same and may often be contradictory. Employee productivity performance analysis is a popular technique for the appraisal of financial performance of a bank. It simply means the total resources invested and the profits generated on the investment per employee of the bank. For a bank, its employees are the most valuable corporate asset. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate profitability of a bank in terms of its employee's productivity. The present paper therefore is an attempt to compares the parameters of employees’ productivity and parameters of branch productivity. This study investigated the effects of amalgamation on the financial performance of Regional Rural banks in India. The research compared the pre-merger and post merger financial performance of KVGB and PGB which were amalgamated during 2005. The results indicate that the productivity ratios that have marginally improved after the amalgamation.Both findings suggest ways in which the bank can increase the profitability of its branch network.

In this paper we establish some more generalizations of Enestr?m – Kakeya theorem by taking the case when the monotonic coefficients are perturbed and hence finding annulus for the polynomial. Besides many consequences our results considerably improve the bounds in some cases as well.

Looking to the pharmacological importance of 8-hydroxyquinolines,in the present study, a novel bi-dentate ligand N - (3 - (bis (2 - ((8 – hydroxyquinolin – 5 – yl) methoxy) ethyl) amino) – 4 - methoxyphenyl) acetamide (BHQMA) was synthesized by the reaction of N - (3 - (bis (2 - hydroxyethyl) amino) – 4 -methoxyphenyl) acetamide with 5-chloromethyl- 8-hydroxyquinoline hydrochloride. Its co-ordination polymers were also prepared with Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) salts. All the above compounds were investigated by physicochemical analyses, thermogravimetric analysis and spectroscopic techniques. In vitro antimicrobial activity of all synthesized compounds and standard drugs have been evaluated against four strains of bacteria which include two Gram +ve bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus megaterium and two Gram-ve bacteria such as Es cherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and one fungi Aspergillus niger.

The water quality index (WQI) method rather than the conventional water quality standard approach was applied in evaluating the surface water quality of the Jakara basin, Kano, Northern Nigeria. The objective of this study is to provide water quality index reference values and pattern for targeted environment. Thirty surface water samples were collected: twenty three samples along River Getsi and seven surface water samples along the main channel River Jakara. Twenty three quality parameters namely: pH, temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, dissolve oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, Fecal Coli form, total solids, nitrates, phosphates, cobalt, iron, nickel, manganese ,copper, sodium, potassium, mercury, chromium, cadmium, lead ,magnesium, and calcium were analyzed. The study used nine physicochemical and bacteriological parameters converge into single value as suggested by National Science Foundation-Water Quality Index (NSF-WQI). The result reveled that S2,S3,S4,S5,S12,S15,S17 of the River Getsi fall under very bad water quality while other sampling points within the same stream shows Bad water quality. On the other hand out of the seven sampling points within River Jakara, only S25 shows Very bad, others fall within Bad water quality. In general water in the Jakara basin fall under very bad category and pose a danger in any form of water consumption. The water quality index scheme performed better in water quality pollution trend analysis due to its sensitivity to changes in water quality at different point in time.

Talking about Arabic language invokes mixed feelings in Iranians. On the negative plane, it brings to mind bitter memories of Arab invasion a millennia ago, when they dominated the empire of Persia for three centuries during which radical changes to the language and culture of Persia were engineered. On the positive side, Arabic is the medium of all religious occasions, and enjoys an air of awe, authority, and sacredness to it. This situation makes Arabic unapproachable and innovations and changes to Arabic language policy and its related educational policies difficult, dangerous, and complicated because one easily runs the risk of being accused of hostility, heresy, or conspiracy against a sacred language. It is for this same reason that the major agency responsible for policy planning and implementation about Arabic resides outside of the organizations commonly in charge of language and educational planning; the responsibility lies with the seminary and other religious circles and anyone outside of that circle talking differently about the language, no matter what his professional credentials are, is considered an intruder and is seen with suspicion. In such an ideologically-driven atmosphere, disentangling beliefs from facts proves daunting. As a consequence, despite its prevalence, the quality of Arabic language teaching in Iran remains a mystery, as no serious large-scale study aiming to subject it to empirical investigation has yet been carried out. Aiming at filling this lacuna, we undertook a study in the hope that we may throw some light on of Arabic language teaching (ALT, henceforth). Our study was informed by theories and practices commonly in vogue in teaching other modern languages, particularly English. Collecting data from a survey administered to 53 Arabic teachers, we found that ALT is a different world from ELT in its various dimensions and it clearly fails to meet the standards of modern language teaching orthodoxy. Teachers were found to be lacking the minimum requirements of language teachers such as proficiency, language teaching methodology knowledge base, and the basics of linguistic knowledge needed for a language teacher.

In this paper, we present a novel algorithm for time series ARMA parameter estimation, namely, artificial neural network with trust region strategy. It combines the merit of neural network which has the capacity of highly parallel computing with the global convergence of trust region algorithm. The convergence of the algorithm is proved under certain conditions. It offers high accuracy for the parameter value of the ARMA model and makes the model is more superior. Numerical experiment shows that the new method is effective and attractive.

The study was carried out to assess genetic diversity among sixty sorghum accessions from the national germplasm collection using microsatellite markers. Genetic diversity and relationship among the sixty accessions were evaluated using 24 microsatellites. The 24 markers generated 64 alleles; the mean number of alleles was 2.773, indicating a medium range of diversity among the sixty sorghum accessions compared to other genetic diversity studies in sorghum using microsatellites, the average polymorphic information content (PIC) (0.575) gave an indication that the microsatellites are informative. Microsatellites cluster analysis resolved the sixty sorghum accessions into three major clusters. The percent similarity between the sorghum accessions ranged from 56% to 89%. Most of accessions clustered according to geographical site of the collection. Heterozygosity in the sixty sorghum accessions was very low .Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 0.0333 as against the expected heterozygosity of 0.4263 to 0.7708.

A series of models were developed and analysed to determine the relative weight of local political, infrastructure, and economic gains to lake user as well as physical-natural characteristics of the lakes and their respective communities on allocation of dredging fund. The also estimated the benefits of dredging and performed cost-benefit analysis to compare the costs of dredging to benefits of dredging for Bonny channel. These estimates were then forecasted in order to view the benefit stream over time.

We report case of a patient of 19 years who introduced a pencil in intra-bladder via the urethra. The urinary tract without preparation (AUSP) objectified and ultrasound had a strong allure foreign body. Cystoscopy diagnostic and therapeutic purpose was performed. Given the particular psychological profile of the patient, it came in psychiatry. This kind of disease is rare in the professional life of the urologist, he help of a literature review on its merits, its complications and its management

The most likely process that can lead to the release of radionuclides from a repository to the geosphere is transport by groundwater. Hence, waste disposal-related safety analyses must assess the possibility of the migration of radionuclides in the conservative assumption of leaching by groundwater after the destruction of the engineered barriers. The need to protect groundwater from possible radioactive contamination and the need to investigate radionuclide migration through soils and rocks of the zone of aeration into groundwater has become very urgent at a time when geological disposal of radioactive waste is being considered. This is why the Borehole Disposal Concept (BDC) is being implemented to address the problem. The BDC involve the conditioning and emplacement of disused sealed radioactive sources in an engineered facility of a relatively narrow diameter borehole (0.26 m). This concept is inherent with physical and chemical characteristics such as intrusion barriers, casing, lining materials, back-filling materials and stainless steel waste containers that prevent or delay the movement of radionuclides between components and inadvertent access to humans, animals and plants.