Archives-December 

Major ion geochemistry was used to characterize the chemical composition of the groundwater in the Accra Plains and to understand its geochemical evolution. Sodium and chloride were the dominant ions in the groundwater. The TDS values increase south eastwards through the central part of the Plains towards the coast. Three hydrochemicsl facies which evolves from Na-Mg-Ca-Cl-HCO3 to Na-Ca-Cl was identified using the Piper diagram and Chadha proposed rectangular plot. The R-mode factor analysis result show that three factors account for 83.65% of the total variance in the hydrochemistry. Interpretation of the hydrochemical data suggested that mineral (silicate) weathering, cation-exchange and reverse ion–exchange control the chemical composition of the groundwater. The thermodynamic plots indicate that the groundwater is in equilibrium with kaolinite and montmorillonite minerals. The saturation index also indicated that about 47% of the groundwater samples were oversaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite.

Car washing is among businesses that erupted recently in urban Tanzania. The business in many areas has been done informally and hence not fully regulated polluting receiving environments. Results show solid waste and wastewater in the selected carwashes were predominant waste (25,732.5 kg/yr and 9,415,540 l/yr, respectively). Management of solid wastes were through collection, storage and transfer by trucks to municipal disposal sites. While wastewater discharge in municipal sewerage systems, onsite collection tanks, on soil and/or into water bodies. Wastewater management mechanisms were environmentally unfriendly. Henceforth, the study recommended upgrading hybrid carwash facility by introducing hydroponic vertiver grass cultivation.

Marriage nowadays faces a various issues especially when divorce becomes trend among Malaysian. It is believed that success in marriage by maintaining quality of relationship may influence the other aspect of life.However, it is important to know the roles of marital communication and conflict resolution in order to maintain quality of relationship. This study examines the role of communication and conflict resolution on Muslim newlywed couples' marital quality. The Family Stress Theory (FST) and Marital Communication Theory (MCT) of marital communication and conflict resolutionwere used to explain influence between communication dimension, conflict resolution, and marital quality. Participants were 571 married Muslim individually selected from area Selangor. Self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Results indicate that there are significant differences in conflict resolution between the genders. However, people who are olderand more educated reported higher marital quality. It also noted high levels on communication and conflict resolution ensure better quality marriage among respondents. Meanwhile, increasing on total household among them tend to have lower marital quality. Future studies need to consider using longitudinal data Marriage nowadays faces a various issues especially when divorce becomes trend among Malaysian. It is believed that success in marriage by maintaining quality of relationship may influence the other aspect of life.However, it is important to know the roles of marital communication and conflict resolution in order to maintain quality of relationship. This study examines the role of communication and conflict resolution on Muslim newlywed couples' marital quality. The Family Stress Theory (FST) and Marital Communication Theory (MCT) of marital communication and conflict resolutionwere used to explain influence between communication dimension, conflict resolution, and marital quality. Participants were 571 married Muslim individually selected from area Selangor. Self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Results indicate that there are significant differences in conflict resolution between the genders. However, people who are olderand more educated reported higher marital quality. It also noted high levels on communication and conflict resolution ensure better quality marriage among respondents. Meanwhile, increasing on total household among them tend to have lower marital quality. Future studies need to consider using longitudinal data to fully understand the impact of communication and conflict resolution towards marital quality.

A baptism ritual is the event at which an infant, an adolescent or an adult is given a name. Christening a newborn is considered to be sanctified and therefore is an important Hindu convention. Naming ceremonies differs according to religion and culture. In Bengal the paternal aunt has the honour of naming her brother’s child. Jhumpa Lahiri is a celebrated expatriate writer who has exclusively dealt with the concept of Nomenclature in her novel ‘The Name Sake’. It reflects the emotional side of Bengali family “The Ganguli’s” and through the protagonist “Gogol”. This paper unleashes the importance of classification of name and the various emotional perspectives in the novel. Gogol Ganguli suffers as a consequence of his namesake. The practice of Daknaam and Bhalonaam is an exclusive practice dealt in the Bengali communities which is tinted in the novel to a great extent. The aim of this paper is to trace the psychological trauma of Gogol Ganguli who was torn between two cultures and nearly lost his identity in a foreign land due to his absurd name Gogol in Jhumpa Lahiri’s ‘The Name Sake’.

Culture is a system of shared meaning held by members that distinguishes the organization from other organizations. This is a set of characteristics that the organization values. It can be summarized that culture is a pattern of beliefs and expectations shared by the organization members. These beliefs and expectations produce norms that shape the behaviour of both individuals and groups within an organization. Every organization has a culture. It has its own cultural norms that constitute the expected, supported, and accepted ways of behaving. These norms are mostly unwritten and tell employees the way things really are. The present study lays stress on the Culture of the health care sector taking into consideration two hospitals i.e. SKIMS and GMC Jammu. The study revealed that SKIMS has a below satisfactory environment for OCTAPACE while as opposite holds true for GMC Jammu. The junior staff of SKIMS is less satisfied with the culture of their hospital in comparison to GMC Jammu.

In conventional assignment problem, cost is always certain. In this paper, Assignment problem with crisp, fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy numbers as cost coefficients is investigated. There is no systematic approach for finding an optimal solution for mixed intuitionistic fuzzy assignment problem. This paper develops an approach to solve a mixed intuitionistic fuzzy assignment problem where cost is not in deterministic numbers but imprecise ones. The solution procedure of mixed intuitionistic fuzzy assignment problem is proposed to find the optimal assignment and also obtain an optimal value in terms of triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. Numerical examples show that an intuitionistic fuzzy ranking method offers an effective tool for handling an intuitionistic fuzzy assignment problem.

In this paper, we made an attempt to study the algebraic nature of anti S-fuzzy subfield of a field.

Nutrient evaluation and acceptability of cookies produced from wheat flour, tiger nut milk and fermented jack fruit seeds (Artocarpus heterophyllus). Jack fruit seeds were removed, sliced and boiled for about 60 minutes. The fermented seed was obtained by adding 3:1 ratio of water to 500g boiled jackfruit seed and were allowed to ferment naturally at room temperate for 48 hours, oven dried at 60? for 1hour, milled and sieved. Date palm fruit was washed and de-seeded. The date palm (with the pericarp) was oven dried at 45? for 8hours, milled and sieved. Tiger nut tubers was cleaned, sorted, washed and soaked overnight and milled. Tiger nut milk was centrifuged for 15mintues and pasteurized at 72? for 15minutes. Four samples were formulated FJWC1 to FJWC4.  Proximate composition of the cookies shows that cookies were higher in moisture, protein, ash (19.70%, 18.97% and 2.99%) for sample FJWC4, crude fibre (2.00%) and carbohydrate (58.82%) in FJWC1 while crude fat (13.44) in FJWC3. Micronutrient composition shows that sample FJWC4 was higher in calcium (48mg/100g), manganese (7250mg/100), iron (54250mg/100g), zinc (32720mg/100g), vitamin A (1180mg/100g) and vitamin C (1840mg/100g) while sample FJWC3 was higher in manganese (60mg/100g) and copper (2520mg/100g). Sample FJWC4 had the best score in all the sensory parameters for the formulated cookies except sample FJWC1 (100% wheat flour). 

The Strychnos spinosa seed were analysed to establish its proximate, minerals and anti-nutritional compositions using standard analytical methods. The seed, on dry weight basis, contains crude protein (6.40%), crude lipid (1.96%), ash (2.30%), available carbohydrates (66.86%), calorific value (310.68kcal/100g) and moisture (17.20%). The seed is rich in, potassium (1260mg/100g), magnesium (49.00mg/100g), iron (1.30mg/100g), sodium (20.60 mg/100g) and phosphorus (69.00mg/100g). Though, the seed also has high content of total oxalate (50.30 %) and phytic acid (198.25 mg/100g). The levels of various nutrient and mineral elements varied significantly, which indicates the potential of the seed to be harnessed for diverse application for value addition as health food provided that the anti-nutritional factors are tackled appropriately. 

Stress is a dynamic condition in which individual is confronted with an opportunity, constraint, or demand related to what he or she desires and for which the outcomes are perceived to be uncertain. Constraints are barriers that keep employees away from doing what they desire. Constraints and demand can lead to potential stress, when they are coupled with uncertainty about the outcomes potential stress becomes actual stress. In this review stress is considered as an unpleasant emotion which manifests itself through tension, frustration, anxiety, anger and depression. All these emotions are result of different aspects of the working environment and personal lives of the employees. Moreover today the organizations have changed from manual to automated office management. Light of all these spasmodic changes the organizations and the individual alike have to adapt themselves in order to coop with the global challenges for survival. All these challenges consequently lead to occupational stress. The article is designed to highlight different causes and consequences of occupational stress with a view to manage it through individual and organizational approaches.