Archives-December  

In this paper a new Trigonometric shear deformation theory is developed for the static flexure of thick isotropic beam, considering Trigonometric functions in terms of thickness co-ordinate associated with transverse shear deformation effect. The most important feature of the theory is that the transverse shear stress can be obtained directly from the constitutive relations satisfying the shear stress free surface conditions on the top and bottom of the beam. Hence the theory obviates the need of shear correction factor. Governing equations and boundary conditions of the theory are obtained using the principle of virtual work. Results obtained for static flexure of simply supported isotropic beam subjected to various loading cases are compared with those of other refined theories and exact solution.

The present study intended to evaluate serum homocysteine and serum cobalamin in subclinical hypothyroid patients. Case control study. Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Hospital, Karachi from January to August 2015. Subjects were divided into Group A Controls- normal subjects (n=50), Group B Cases – diagnosed cases of subclinical hypothyroidism (n=50). 5 ml of venous blood sample was collected and centrifuged at 4000rpm for 10 minutes. The serum obtained was frozen at -20oC and used for estimation of thyroid hormone profile, serum cobalamin and serum homocysteine. The data was analyzed on SPSS version 22.0. Student’s t test and chi square test was used for continuous and categorical data respectively at 95% confidence interval (p ? 0.05). Mean ±SD age of controls and cases noted was 52.1 ± 5.6 and 51± 8.7 years respectively. Serum homocysteine in controls and cases was found as 6.89±3.75 and 15.9 ±12.3 µM/L respectively (p=0.0001). Serum cobalamin in controls and cases was noted as 298± 56.5 and 199.7±67.9 pg/dl respectively (p=0.0001). Serum homocysteine was raised with low serum cobalamin in subclinical hypothyroidism patients. The present study reports raised serum homocysteine and low serum cobalamin in Subclinical hypothyroid patients.

A dynamic graphical display among the set of independent variables (partial regression plot), tolerance value, variance inflation factor (VIF) and pair wise correlation matrix among the set of predictors offers a variety of measures for assessing the problem of collinearity and multicollinearity in a multiple regression analysis. Multicollinearity is a violation of one of the assumption of regression analysis. Many diagnostics measures have been proposed for detecting multicollinearity. A tolerance value of less than 0.10 or 0.20 which is equivalent to a VIF of 5 or 10, p value>0.05 and the pair-wise correlation showing a linear dependence of 0.90 and above. A transformation is carried out to remove the problem of multicollinearity and the removal will help to improve on the model (yi = ?0 +? 1X1 + ?2X2 +……+ ?kXk, improve coefficient of determination (r2) and validate any of the assumption of regression analysis of homocesdasticity, linearity, normality and independence of the observations. Examples using stimulated small data sets illustrate this approach

The feasibility of activated carbon prepared from Jatropha Curcas stem waste to remove Reactive Blue 2 from aqueous solution was investigated through batch mode contact process. The effect of various experimental parameters, such as initial dye concentration (20mgl/L), pH 6.5, adsorbent dosage 50mg and Temperature 30 °C was investigated in a batch mode-adsorption technique, the optimum condition for removal of Reactive Blue 2 Dye was found to be pH 6.5. The equilibrium data were best represented by the Langmuir isotherm model, with maximum mono layer adsorption capacity. The kinetic data were fitted to pseudo first order, pseudo second order and intra particle diffusion models and it was found to follow closely the pseudo second order kinetic model.

High quality bulk single crystal of L-arginine phosphate (LAP) was grown by slow evaporation which is based on temperature reduction method. L-arginine phosphate (LAP) seed crystals were grown at pH value of 5.8 at 30⁰ C by slow evaporation technique around 12 days and the bulk crystal was grown by Mason-jar method for 20 days. The grown crystals were subjected to optical and morphological studies. The unit cell parameters were calculated by X- ray diffraction. The UV-Vis spectrum shows the transmitting ability of the crystals in the entire visible region and the transmittance percentage is increased for the LAP crystals. The presence of the functional groups was identified by FT-IR spectrum. Hence L-arginine crystals are found to be more beneficial from an application point of view as compared to KDP crystals. From Micro hardness test the mechanical strength of the crystal has been observed.

The Study is mainly done to find out the relative effectiveness of celebrity endorsed advertisement, non-celebrity endorsed advertisement and advertisement with no endorsement in influencing the purchase intention of consumers. Further, the Study is done for the Same Product and for the low involvement Product especially personal care product. Given the purpose of the study, the descriptive research technique is used. In the Study, low-involvement non-food Product Category is considered and three type of endorsed advertisements (Celebrity, Non-Celebrity and No Endorsement) are used and the study is done on 200 Consumers. Three Print advertisements are used as stimuli. The study suggest that for low-involvement personal care product category especially in case of Print media, advertisements endorsed by Celebrity has more favourable/positive impact in influencing the Purchase intention of consumers as compared to advertisements with non-celebrity endorsement and advertisements with no endorsement at all. A major implication from the findings for the managers or advertising agencies is that the impact of advertisement has more favourable impact on consumers’ purchase intention when it is endorsed by celebrity especially for Print media.The contribution of the study is in addressing an area that has not been very well researched yet, and in addressing a research question that has not been investigated properly.

Majority of refrigerator works on vapor compression refrigeration system. The system consists of compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator. The performance of the system depends on the performance of all components of the system. The main objective of the present study is to study the performance of a domestic refrigerator by placing shell and tube type heat exchanger immediately after the condenser to extract more amount of heat by sub cooling process by using ammonia as an external cooling media.

The Healthcare industry is generally “information rich”, but unfortunately not all the data are mined which is required for discovering hidden patterns & effective decision making. We are evaluating the performance of Simple K-Means algorithm Clustering using the mode of classes to clusters evaluation with the prediction attribute nom. The performance of these techniques is compared, based on accuracy. As per our results accuracy of Simple K-Means Clustering, Sequential Minimal Optimization and Sequential Minimal Optimization via Simple K-Means Clustering are 80.85%, 83.82% and 96.69% respectively. In our studies 10-fold cross validation method was used to measure the unbiased estimate of prediction model. The model uses medical terms such as sex, blood pressure, cholesterol like 13 attributes to predict the likelihood of patient getting a Heart disease. Until now, 13 attributes are used for prediction. Our analysis shows that classification model SVM via Simple K-Means Clustering predicts cardiovascular disease with least error rate and highest accuracy of 96.69%.

A series of some solid transition metal complexes of some mannich bases, substituted N-(1-piperazino) benzamide with Ca (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II) complexes in the presence of ice cold condition. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and mass spectra. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their anti-inflammatory, anti nociceptive, antibacterial activities against Gram + and Gram – bacteria. The synthesized compounds were screened for inflammatory activity via standard approaches, and they have shown positive anti -inflammatory activity.

This study compared the effect of task-based and systematic instruction on L2 learners’ productive vocabulary retention. The participants of the study were 73 Iranian female intermediate EFL learners who were divided into a split information task group (n=25), a shared information task group (n=25), and a systematic instruction group (n =23). Before treatment all the participants were given a fill in the blanks pretest to check their vocabulary production ability. Then the new words were taught to the three groups. Two weeks after the end of the treatment, the vocabulary productive delayed posttest was administrated. The results showed that task-based instruction improved the learners’ productive vocabulary retention significantly more than systematic instruction providing that the task type was taken into account. The participants under task-based instruction could follow some principles (Thornburg, 2002) essential for moving the new words from short-term store into permanent long-term memory such as repetition, retrieval, pacing, active Use, cognitive depth, personal organizing, and attention, and as a result, they could have more successful performance in the vocabulary productive delayed posttest than the systematic instruction group.