Archives-December  

10 parental lines of cowpea were crossed and evaluated to determine the genetic behaviour of days to flowering and maturity traits through a full diallel analysis. In all, there were 45 crosses, 45 reciprocals and 10 parents to make a total of 100 entries which were evaluated in two locations, Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, and College of Education Demonstration Secondary School Farm in the early season of 2011 using a Randomized Complete Block Design with two replications. Data were collected on plant height, days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, and days to 50% podding. Results showed that there were significant differences among the entries (p<0.05) for all traits studied. The mean for days to 50% flowering ranged between 50.07 and 51.73 days, days to pod maturity varied from 58.77 to 64.24 days. The hybrid lines exhibited the earliest flowering and pod maturity traits among the entries. General Combining Ability (GCA) for most of the traits were significant. Only days to pod maturity were not significant for Specific Combining Ability (SCA) among the traits. P1, P4, P5 and P6 are identified to be the best general combiners for most of the characters while P1 x P4, P1 x P6, P4 x P2 and P9 x P5 are excellent specific combiners for earliness traits. Mid-parents heterosis (%) was high (280.47%) among the crosses and reciprocals. The ratio of GCA to SCA ranged from less than 1 for flowering intervals to 48 for days to 50% flowering which underscores the importance of additive effect and suggesting that reasonable progress can be made using selection procedure.

The Objectives of this study were to determine the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities and heterosis of some cotton genotypes for yield, its components and fiber traits using line × tester mating design. Thirteen parents (ten lines and three testers) alongwith their thirty F1 crosses were studied in randomized complete block Design (RCBD) with three replications during 2016 at Sakha Agriculture Research Station, Kafr El- Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. Based on line x tester analysis, the variances due to genotypes, parents, crosses and parent vs cross exhibited significant differences (P<0.01) for most yield, yield component and fiber traits. The variances due to GCA of lines and testers, and SCA of line x tester interactions were highly significant for most studied traits, indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions in controlling these traits. The proportional contribution of line × tester was higher than individual contribution of lines and testers for most studied traits. The estimates of GCA and SCA effects revealed that the parents and some crosses were having desirable and significantly GCA and SCA effects, respectively. High mean performances and desirable GCA effects values were observed of lines Pima S6, Suvin, G.90, Aust. 12 and tester C.B.58 for most investigated traits, hence these parents can be used for generating superior cotton hybrids Significant correlation coefficients (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in positive direction were obtained between all possible pairs of F1 hybrids mean, SCA and heterosis. The best values of mean performances, SCA effects and heterosis were found in the combinations Suvin x G.86 and Aus.12 x C.B.58 for most yield and yield components, and the G.90 x C.B.58 and G.95 x G.86 for fiber traits. These crosses are considered the promising crossed to be used in breeding programs for produce hybrid cotton and improvement for these traits in Egypt.

In most of the developing countries including Pakistan and Indonesia, English is used as a foreign language. It continues to be one of the teaching subjects at school level, and the teaching of this language has a dominating influence over the whole structure of the educational system. There is a need to strengthen the background of students at basic Elementary as well Secondary level regarding teaching of English. The use of ELT (English Language Teaching) resources may enhance the second language learning in students. The objectives of the study are; 1) to find out the availability of resources in English teaching in Pakistan and Indonesia 2) to explore the utilization of available resources in teaching of English in Pakistan and Indonesia 3) to investigate the use of A.V. Aids in English language teaching in Pakistan and Indonesia 4) to make a comparison of the availability and utilization of available resources in teaching English in Pakistan and Indonesia. The present study was aimed at the comparison of the Secondary Schools ELT resources and its effective utilization in Pakistan and Indonesia. The study used the mixed method approach (quantitative and qualitative) to get the results. The researchers collected 200 teachers and 40 students as a sample of study from different provinces of Pakistan and Indonesia. The researchers developed questionnaire for teachers and structured interview for students. The researchers personally visited the target sample and administered it. For comparison, statistical techniques of mean and standard deviation were used. The findings of the study revealed that Indonesian English teachers are more equipped with latest tools than the Pakistani English teachers. Indonesian teachers have the facility of internet; on the other hands Pakistani teachers have not. The study concluded that due to the use of ELT resources, student feel more interest in the classroom as well as it saves teachers’ time and energy.

The Objective of the study was to compare the % maximal heart rate achieved by the subjects at the end of each test to verify whether or not % maximal heart rate achieved by post 6 minute step test is more than 6 minute walk test 6MWT and 6MST were performed according to the American Thoracic Society guidelines. Blood Pressure, Respiratory Rate, Oxygen Saturation, Heart Rate and %Maximal Heart Rate were measured and recorded. The Cross Sectional Observational Study performed on Local Football Club , Pune. The heart rate post 6MWT increased significantly but within normal range (p <0.04).The mean % MHR pre-test was 38% and post-test was 42%. The heart rate post 6MST increased significantly too but within normal range. The mean %MHR pre-test was 37% and post-test was 47%. (p <0.01). As there is a significant increase in the %MHR post 6 minute step test in football players, it can be concluded that the two tests i.e. 6 minute walk test and 6 minute step test are not interchangeable in the following population. This also concludes that the 6 minute step test can be used to increase the cardiovascular endurance in Football Players.

The UV photofragment spectrum of the dication sandwich complex Ca(Benzene)2]2+ had been recorded in the gas phase using a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. From the DFT calculations, the optimised C2 and C2v conformers of Ca(Benzene)2]2+ were confirmed. Methane activation with calcium benzene dication complex ion resulted in the formation of methane calcium benzene dication complex ion [Ca(Benzene)2CH4]2+ and methane calcium benzene mono-cation [Ca(Benzene)CH4]+. The calculated charge on the metal centre was reduced by 40% in the optimised geometry of [Ca(Benzene)2CH4]2+ as compared to the charge of +2 assumed on Ca metal in the PEC calculation. The DFT calculated result reveal that the binding energy of methane to the metal dication complex ion was 13.28% lower compare to the value obtained on the PEC model.

Polyaniline salts were synthesized via chemical polymerization and are subjected to ultrasonic waves of 3 MHz. The physicochemical parameters like density, viscosity and compressibility parameters were measured and their effect on ultrasound has been extensively studied. Solvent properties and the spectroscopic properties such as ?max, frequency shifts have been correlated. A study of effect of ultrasonic waves on the organic acid doped PAni has also been attempted.

The water budget, constituent budget and flushing model of Oguta Lake were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), digital meters and standard equations. Results revealed that the total annual water inflow into the lake is about 29,461,800m3 while the total annual outflow is about 13,476,300m3 which implies a water storage of 16,185,500m3/year. The investigation further revealed that about 87.6% of the total water inflow into the lake comes from channel flow from Rivers Njaba, Utu and Awbana while about 70.2% of the water outflow is from channel outflow. Similarly, there seems to be continuous loading of constituents into the lake but at a very low rate; the low loading rate is actually attributed to the moderately high flushing rate of constituents in the lake. Total alkalinity has the highest loading rate (0.40 mgl-1/year) while phosphate has the lowest (0.003 mgl-1/year). The results also showed that the highest annual maximally flushed constituent in the lake is bicarbonate while the lowest is magnesium. The lake witnessed low influx of nutrients (phosphate, nitrate and dissolved silica) during the study period thus indicating low level of eutrophication. Excessive flushing rate can cause nutrient imbalance and this can alter the resource status and usefulness of the lake. In conclusion, the constituent budget and flushing model of the Oguta lake are therefore favorable for water supply , irrigation activities and fisheries development.

The kidney transplant is above all a social project, based on a gift of generosity and solidarity. The specific activity of kidney transplantation from a living donor requires close collaboration between clinicians and biologists.Living-donor renal transplants are further characterized as genetically related (living-related) or non-related (living-unrelated) transplants, depending on whether a biological relationship exists between the donor and recipient.It’s the interest of this review with in the last part the path of the donor and the recipient for a possible kidney transplant with a donor living in the renal transplant department at the military hospital of Rabat.

Corrosion is a natural process, which converts a refined metal to a more chemically-stable form, such as its oxide, hydroxide, or sulfide. The most common kinds of corrosion result from electrochemical reactions. It can be prevented if the metal is coated with something which does not allow moisture and oxygen to react with it. It can be controlled by either alloying or by anti rust solutions. The naturally occurring plant products are eco-friendly, compatible, nonpolluting, less toxic, easily available, biodegradable and economic to be used as corrosion inhibitor.Euphorbia caducifolia has been selected to study its corrosion inhibition efficiency. It is easily available in any season. It is native to Thar Desert of India and located on rocky terrain, hills. It is used for treatment of bleeding wound, cutaneous eruption, urinary problems, kidney stones, rheumatic pain, bronchitis, jaundice, diabities, stomach pain, hernia etc. It is also called “Thor” and “Danda-thor”. It contains caudicifolin) norcycloartane type triterpene, cyclocaducinol, triterpenes euphol, tirucallol and cycloartenol. Corrosion inhibition efficiency of arial parts of Euphorbia caducifolia was studied for aluminium in HNO3. Maximum inhibition efficiency was found 92.17% in 1N HNO3 acid with 0.8% leaf corrosion inhibitor whereas it was 90.53% for stem and 89.94% for flower with same concentration of inhibitor i.e. 0.8%. Inhibition efficiency was studied in different concentration of acid (1N, 1.5N, 2N and 2.5N) with different concentration of inhibitor (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8%). Weight loss and thermometric methods were used. Inhibition efficiency was found to be increase with increase in concentration of inhibitor and decrease with increase in acid strength.

This paper mainly explain the lowering of band gap energy of synthesized ZnO nanoparticles (3.263eV) than their bulk counterparts (3.37 eV), which indicate the high conductivity than the bulk ZnO powder. Zn1-xLixO, Zn1-xNaxO and Zn1-xKxO (where x= 0.005, 0.01, 0.015 and 0.02 M for all dopants) doped ZnO nanoparticles and their solution was then characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometer. All concentration of Li+ doped ZnO nanoparticles was more narrowing the band gap of the undoped ZnO nanoparticles than Na+ and K+ doped ZnO nanoparticles. Both the size and concentration of dopants were affecting the band gap energy of ZnO nanoparticles. As the concentration and ionic radii of the dopants increases the optical band gap energy was also increasing. So the highest band gap energy was obtained by 0.015 and 0.02M K+ doped ZnO nanoparticles.