Conference Publications

Numerous laboratory studies report carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and engines operating with biodiesel and biodiesel blends. This paper presents a field study of multicylinder passenger bus (Ashok Leyland make) operated between Villupuram and Salem, Tamilnadu (170 Km), India using Jatropha methyl ester (JME) with different blend proportions as fuel. The total emissions of air pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM) and hydrocarbon (HC) are evaluated during the operation of bus with constant speed (60 Km +5km). Among these different proportion of blends, Jatropha methyl ester (JME20) as an alternative to the conventional fuel in the public transport considerably reduced exhaust emission.

Hybrid composites developed by combining natural fibers/natural fiber and natural fibers/synthetic fibers with epoxy, polyester, phenolic, poly vinyl ester, etc., resins are well established. In this present study, hybrid composites were prepared with banana fiber, sisal fiber and with bamboo charcoal by hand layup method according to ASTM standards. The various weight percentages of fibers in the resin and bamboo charcoal were used to gain insights into the effect of fiber content and charcoal filler on the mechanical properties (Impact, Tensile and Flexural). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the morphology of these materials.

In today’s era manipulation of image has become a simple task because of advanced photo editing software packages as well as the capturing devices having high resolution. Verification of the truthfulness of images as well as detection of tampering without having the extra prior knowledge of image content is a significant research field. An attempt is made to review the recent developments in digital image forgery detection. Passive methods do not require prior information about the image. In this paper first various image forgery detection techniques are classified and then its general structure is developed. Passive image authentication overview is presented and the existing passive forgery detection techniques are reviewed. The present status of image forgery detection technique is discussed along with a recommendation for future research. In this paper the effort has been made for finding the best forgery detection algorithm such as SIFT for identifying the manipulated region. The common scenario has been considered where the goal is to remove the features. The attacks conceived so far against SIFT-based forensic techniques implicitly assume that all SIFT keypoints have similar properties. It is better to use SIFT classification scheme based on the gray scale histogram of the neighborhood of SIFT keypoints.

Nowadays water scarcity existing in many countries even though earth is covered by three –fourth of water. Worldwide rapid growth of industries and the immeasurable population are the major reasons for scarcity of water. Solar still is the only effective solution for water problems in dry areas where the scarcity of water and electricity exists. Solar still is a efficient solar device which converts the available brackish water into potable water. An extensive review on different methods to enhance the evaporation rate using photo-catalyst in solar still has been carried out in this paper.

The Photocatalytic process is one of the important green engineering concepts employed for treating the waste water from industries. This paper presents an overview of Photocatalytic degradation of textile effluents in industries by titania (TiO2). TiO2nanocatalystwas synthesized using sonochemical method. This Nanocatalyst was characterized using SEM, XRD &TGA. An Effluent from the textile contains hazardous compounds such as ethyl sulphonic and sulphonic groups which cause severe water pollution. Photocatalytic degradation using Tio2nanophotocatalyst based adsorbent as a semiconductor in a batch reactor. Experiments were performed to observe the extent of photocatalytic degradation of textile effluents by analyzing different parameters. The effluents were degraded and nearly 96% of colour reduction was observed. Experiments were also conducted to optimize the amount of catalyst used during this process. This process is a very effective green engineering concept and a cheapest for treating the textile effluents using TiO2 before disposing it off into water.

One of the last products in commercial aviation belonging to China is the C919 passenger airplane. This latest product is a product made by China to enter the market, especially against the series of Airbus A320 and Boeing 737. So it is a modern passenger plane consisting of single corridor and three-row seats like its competitors. In this study, composite structures used in the body of this new aircraft are discussed. Since the A320 and Boeing 737 are older design products, the use of composite materials in their fuselages is very low. At least the aviation use of composites is a surprising fact. The lowest utilization rate of composites is the aviation sector, which is a surprising fact. Because, although composite materials have been developed with aviation and aircraft industry, the rate of utilization in the sector is not very high yet. Especially in terms of weight and cargo we can say that the capacity is still higher in the high-altitude airplanes than in service conditions of metal alloys.

Electroplating sludge contains huge of Ni. Bioleaching is found to be the best method to remove heavy metals. But, the temperature play vital role. In the present study, the influence of temperatures on the removal of Ni from electroplating sludge was investigated using bacteria, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Results showed that the maximum of 90.5% Ni was removed from the sludge under the temperature maintained at 37 °C. It was found that the rate constants obtained for Ni bioleaching at 37 °C was high.

The present study was conducted to quantitatively measure the levels of Cr, Pb, Cd, As, Ni and Hg in soil, fodder and meat samples. The study area chosen for the present study is sewage polluted River Palar flowing sites. Two sites were chosen for this work, Site 1 (Palar, Ambur) and Site 2 (Palar, Vaniyambadi). Fresh samples were collected from the study area. Heavy metals like Cr, Cd, Pb, As, Ni and Hg were analysed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). In the present study Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni and Hg concentration in Site 1 was high when compare with Site 2, except As which shows high concentration in Site 2. This result indicates Site 1 in heavily polluted than Site 2. Results of meat sample shows that Pb, Cd, Cr and Hg values are higher than the permissible limit, especially Ni. In the same way the results of soil sample shows Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg and Ni levels were higher than the allowed limits. Pb concentration was very higher than other metals. In fodder sample the levels of Cd, As and Hg are higher than the permissible limit.

One of the amazing inventions of science is super absorbent polymers capable of absorbing liquids. Super absorbent polymers (SAP?s) are materials that have the ability to absorb and retain large volumes of water and aqueous solutions by swelling. Various applications of super absorbent polymers are being explored by various experiments across the world. The mechanism of absorption by these polymers and their few applications are being discussed.

Till date polymeric membranes play a major role in Reverse Osmosis Desalination Industries. Many researchers have been concentrated in order to develop optimum polymeric membranes. The optimization is done in previous decades by controlling the membrane formation reactions and by use of catalysts and some additives but the emergence of Nano-technology in membrane could provide a better alternative for polymer based membranes. In this research a general review on different conventional membrane process that are currently employed are discussed and how Nano-structured membranes that can be employed which will enhance the Reverse osmosis desalination performance and but number of challenges remain with regard to their practical execution.