Physiology and Anatomy

Fusiform cell lipomas are rare adipocytic tumours characterized by proliferation of mature adipocytes and fusiform cells; we report the case of a 59-year-old patient who received surgical removal from a left cervical tumor whose anatomopathological examination returned in favor of a fusiform cell lipoma.

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome is a rare entity characterized by hemi cerebral atrophy/ hypoplasia secondary to brain insult in fetal or early childhood period. We present a case of a 10-month-old girl, presenting since 5 months right sided body weakness and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Brain MRI revealed hemicerebral atrophy of the left hemisphere with dilated ventricles on the same side, cerebral infarction, elevation of the sphenoid wing and petrous temporal bone, and slight calvaria hypertrophy.

Thyroid hormones play a major role in the metabolism, growth and development of the human body. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is diagnosed when peripheral thyroid hormone levels are within normal reference laboratory range but serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are mildly elevated. The pathogenesis of SCH in the development of coronary artery disease has been the subject of several studies whose results remain contradictory. We report the case of a 50-year-old women admitted for complete atrioventricular block secondary to an acute coronary syndrome of lower topography whose exploration revealed subclinical hypothyroidism.

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction named Ogilvie’s syndrome, is a distinct form of colonic dilatation without evidence of underlying mechanical or anatomic cause. Despite the absence of an obstructing lesion, colonic distention can be rapidly progressive and lead to necrosis and perforation of the large bowel. CT scan is the most useful imaging CT images helps to differentiate colonic pseudo obstruction from other causes of obstruction. We present a case of Ogilvie’s syndrome, with typical imaging features.

LAM or Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis is an uncommon disease that predominantly touches women in their reproductive years. The disease is usually discovered in an incidentally way and detected in a high resolution thoracic CT scan. Its progress could lead to respiratory failure. This article is about a patient in our ward that got a chest CT scan in which the final diagnosis was a lymphangioleiomyomatosis in a case of tuberous sclerosis complex.

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation that is a public health problem in many countries of traditional livestock breeding where it is endemic. Frequently encountered localizations are of hepatic and pulmonary sites, whereas cerebral localization is rare. CT is the test of choice for the diagnosis and postoperative follow-up of cerebral hydatid cyst. MRI is useful for atypical or complicated forms and allows for adequate surgical planning. We report three observations, two of which have an atypical appearance in imaging.

Low back pain (LBP) is a prominent cause of disability and restricts the quality of life and work performance of an individual. The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence and related factors of low back pain among office workers in Dhaka City. A cross-sectional study was carried out by a self-constructed questionnaire. 150 office workers comprising 112 male and 38 female took part in this study. The maximum age range was 30 to 39 years old (38.7%) where more than half of the respondents had less than 10 years of job experience. Results indicated that the prevalence of LBP was 60%. Most of the participants complained mild and moderated pain with intermittent nature, more than half (60.3%) of the respondents having LBP who did the frequent forward bending. Greater percentages (59.1%, 57.0%) of individuals who did not use lumber support and body distant from the computer greater than 50 cm were reported LBP. However, there was a significant relation between LBP with Job experience (p<0.05) and daily sitting time in a working place (p<0.05). Therefore, LBP was moderately high in Bangladeshi office workers and some factors were influencing for LBP. It is needed for all office workers to learn about the related factors that help to prevent and control the occurrence of pain.

Myositis ossificans circumscribed (MOC) is a rare, benign condition characterized by heterotopic ossification of the striated muscles often occurring in young subjects. We propose to illustrate from an observation, the aspects realized by the ossification myositis circumscribed in conventional radiology, in tomodensitometry in order to avoid the potential diagnostic confusion with a malignant bone tumor.

Compression of the neurovascular structures crossing the thoracic outlet usually causes severe pain at the neck and this is called thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). Elongated transverse process (ETP) of the 7th cervical spine (C7) (transversomegaly) is one of the risk factors of TOS. The aim of this study was to measure the length of transverse process (TP) of C7 on plain x-ray of AP cervical spine in order to determine and predict risk of TOS. A cross sectional study carried out on 126 subjects with neck pain referred to the radiology department, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Nigeria. Stratified technique was used. Prominent TP rating scale was taken as > 4.12 cm on x-ray cervical spine AP view. Data was subjected to descriptive statistics and relative risk was determined.Mean age of subjects was 54.5 + 2.1 years. Subjects with normal right TP (< 4.12cm) was 105 (83.3%) {males = 48.6% (51) and females = 51.4% (54)}. Prevalence of left transversomegaly (> 4.12 cm) was 7.9% (10). The relative risk patient with transversomegaly is 3.0 times more likely to develop TOS Transversomegaly is 3.0 times more likely to develop TOS compared with a patient whose TP is not enlarged. Male subjects are at more risk than females (p < 0.05). The prevalence of transversomegaly is 12.3 % in the studied population. True AP cervical X-ray projection is implied to patients suspected of having TOS.

Cryptorchidism is an anomaly of testicular migration. It is a congenital pathology that is the subject of many controversies. Its major risks are represented by malignant degeneration and male infertility. The purpose of this manuscript is to better understand the physiopathological implications of the undescended testicle in infertility through a review of the literature.