Psychology

Education is important for the effective functioning of society and plays a key role in every individual’s behaviour. Alcohol abuse is defined as an alcohol use disorder. Alcoholism and alcohol dependence among teachers in Kenya have increased exponentially. The study thus sought to assess the influence the level of education on alcohol abuse among public school teachers in Nyeri County, Kenya. A mixed method approach employing self-administered structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews was used to undertake the study. The target population consisted of teachers employed by the Teachers Service Commission (TSC) in public primary and secondary schools. A sampling frame was obtained from the TSC providing a list of all teachers in the county and the schools they teach in. The study utilized the stratified sampling methodology to select participants, where strata used was the subcounty and type of school (primary/secondary) after which a random sample was used to identify the teachers who participated in the research. A sample of 385 teachers was selected from a population of 6,264 from Nyeri County. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. An interview schedule was presented to the TSC County Director to capture the views concerning the alcohol situation in the county. Data was coded and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results on the prevalence of alcohol use revealed that 59% of teachers use alcohol while 32.7% fall under the category of hazardous use. The Chi square test and t-test for independence of means were used for inferential analysis. The level of education was noted to have a significant effect on alcohol abuse with the number of teachers with lower educational qualifications being associated with alcohol abuse. The study recommends urgent interventional strategies targeting the enhancement of personal growth through higher education in the management of alcohol abuse among teachers.

Teachers’ professional training and socialization was strict and disciplined already at the beginning of the 19th century in Finland. A teacher’s job was not just to teach in the classroom; the requirements insisted that after the school day the teachers continued their work by offering activities to the villagers. The purpose of this research is to show how the prospective teachers of the Finnish early primary school were socialized for this demanding job in the college of Tornio. The teacher college of Tornio was founded in 1921 and its purpose was to educate women from northern Finland. This research answers the following questions: 1) What kind of free time activities did the teaching staff offer for the teacher students? 2) What kind of behavioral expectations were leveled at the students’ free time activities? This research is mainly based on the archive sources, which were carefully studied using the pedagogical history method. The ideals and values of the Finnish culture have always reverberated to teacher education.

A lot of researches on student learning styles found that each student exhibits unique characteristics, learns differently and possess a particular learning style (Zhang, 2000). However, it is not clear if students need to possess certain learning styles to be high achievers. Therefore this study aims to explore the learning style/s of a high achieving student. An interview was conducted on a student who has achieved excellent grades in the study with at least two semesters in the President’s List. The results showed that the student has not adopted any specific learning styles in her study; rather combination of styles has been utilized.

The research is about problem related to the heat stress among inside pipe welders at heavy industrial yard. Heat stress occurrence will causes several problems that affected the workers capability, health, perception and judgment in which it will reduces the efficiencies of work. The objectives of the research studies is to show the time region that worker might suffer from heat stress, compared the heat stress before and after safety procedure been executed, showed the correlation between several factors that contributes to the heat stress among workers and proposed a better work practice to the industry management. Methodology used in these research is done by heat environment monitor (QuesTemp34) which to measure the WBGT index. Analysis done by using QSPII to compare actual WBGT index with recommended WBGT index from ISO 7243 and SPSS software to evaluate the questionnaire. Expected result from the research is to identify the duration time of heat stress highly to occur and to compare the reduction of heat stress level between two conditions which is with and without blower.

The present study was undertaken to examine the influence of School related Hardiness and Achievement Motivation on Academic Achievement of Secondary School students. Descriptive survey method was employed to conduct it. Statistical techniques of product moment method of correlation and analysis of variance were employed to analyse data. There was no significant relationship found between Academic Achievement and school related Hardiness but a significant relationship was found between Academic Achievement and Achievement Motivation. Significant main effect of Achievement Motivation was revealed on the Academic Achievement of students at .05 level but there was no significant main effect of school related Hardiness on Academic Achievement. Results also indicated statistically significant interaction at .05 level between school related Hardiness and Achievement Motivation with regard to Academic Achievement. Overall, these findings provide new insights about a comprehensive understanding of School related Hardiness and Achievement Motivation as correlates of Academic Achievement.

Present study was designed to explore the habits profile of university students. Six habits were selected as effective for the students at university such as, Balance, Time management, Optimism, Team work, Understanding and Organization. A random sample of 148 students was collected from various universities of Islamabad among them 66 were males and 82 were females, their age ranged from 20 to 28 years and their family income level ranged from 25000 to 100000. The findings of the study revealed that the most common habits exhibited by the university students are Balance, Organization and Optimism. University students need to learn how to practice habits of Understanding, Teamwork and Time Management. No gender difference was found in practicing the habit of Balance, Time management and optimism, however male university students score higher on Understanding and Organization as compared to female students. Younger students are more Balance and Organized as compared to the older students, on the other hand older students have the habit of Optimism and understanding as compared to younger ones.

In the present paper, the classical generalized Hardy type transformation depending on three real parameters defined by where with and denote the Bessel type function of first and second kind of order respectively is extended to certain spaces of generalized functions by the kernel method in such a way that the theory of Pathak and Pandey [11] in relation with Hardy type transformation appears then as a particular case for . By interpreting the convergence in the weak distributional sense, an inversion theorem is established. The theory thus developed is applied to solve certain boundary value problems.

The effect of gender role perception and sense of efficacy on mental health of married employed women was examined. The study adopted a 2 (androgynous and sex-typed) x 2 (efficacious and less-efficacious) factorial design. One hundred twenty employed women participated in the study. They were categorized into androgynous and sex-typed on the basis of the median split of their scores on the measure of androgyny. Again androgynous and sex-typed women were categorized into efficacious and less efficacious subgroups on the basis of the median split of their scores on self-efficacy measures. The participants of all the four groups were compared with respect to their mental health. The result indicated that androgynous women showed better mental health than that of sex-typed women. Women with high sense of efficacy showed better mental health and scored higher in almost all dimensions of mental health than less-efficacious women.

It is observed that formal training given on basic communication skills (CS) during medical undergraduate years can help to develop better doctor patient relationship throughout the clinical practice. Developing communication skills was felt as a need through formal training as well as in assessment, hence Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, India, incorporated it in curriculum. To sensitize and train third year BDS students for communication skills and evaluate the module through their feedback. 55 third year BDS students were sensitized for communication skills through a module. The module was divided into four important aspects; 1) Components and barriers of effective CS while dealing with patients2) Training for effective communication viva voce examination 3) communicating effectively with different types of patients, 4) Improve Prescription writing as communication skill Knowledge gained by the participants through the module was statistically analyzed by comparing pre and post test results. At the end module was evaluated by the feedback obtained from students. Wilcoxon signed rank test used for comparison of responses before and after the implementation of module, showed highly significant differences. 98% students wrote in the feedback that the module was a key to learn nuances in routine clinical practice and guide to communicate well in viva. Sensitizing and training third year BDS students for communication skills was effective and would remain as an important component of University curriculum.

The present study aims to determine the relationships between fathers’ parenting styles and locus of control, and the role of number of children in the family as a moderator. Sample consisted of 382 school-going adolescents with an average age of 14 years. A self-administered questionnaire was prepared for the participants at their selected schools. Results demonstrated that adolescents with higher internal locus of control perceived their fathers at higher levels of authoritative parenting. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the influence of the fathers’ parenting style on the adolescents’ locus of control was stable across number of children. Regardless of family size, fathers’ contribution in child development is fundamental. Findings from the study call attention to policy makers to take into consideration the ‘father factor’ in formulating policies related to child and family well-being.