Psychology

This study is a descriptive survey conducted on four primary schools based in the Kgalagadi North Sub-District in Botswana with purpose to cross-examine the instructional challenges faced by teachers based at schools in remote areas. After establishment of validity, interviews were conducted (individual and focus group). Results show that all the four remote schools sampled had homogeneous instructional challenges. Of the challenges, teachers identified discipline and academic challenges as a major factor in all the sampled schools. Even though parental support related challenges did not feature prominently in this study, the study identified that parents we not active in supporting their children in learning. The frequency of these challenges was found to be hampering positive academic output. These challenges were perceived to be capable of adversely affecting Botswana’s national objectives of Vision 2016 pillar of, an educated and informed nation. The study found out that learner achievement at remote schools is low and that parents are not actively involved in their children's education. The final thought of the study was that teachers based at remote schools need capacity building to deal with instructional challenges to enhance their effectiveness. On this ground, the researcher agrees with literature on the need for family learning as an approach to assist parents to support their children.

Understanding in mathematics is mainly concerned with building up connections between mathematical concepts. Literature reveals if we are succeeded in embedding one mathematical concept into another then this lead to better understanding in mathematics. In pursuance of this idea twenty pre-lectures were prepared from grade 10th level mathematics textbook keeping in view the predictions of information processing model. In each pre-lecture efforts were made to build up connections between the previous, existing and coming mathematical concepts. To find out the effectiveness of pre-lectures and to in-depth the students concepts twenty post-tests were prepared keeping in view Blooms’ taxonomy. The subjects of this study consisted of two secondary schools in Cantt/ Garrison setup Peshawar Pakistan. The whole sample (n=114) consisted of boys (n=78) and girls (n=36). The boys’ sample (n=78) further divided into with pre-lecture group (n=39) and without pre-lecture group (n=39). Similarly the girls’ sample further divided into with pre-lecture group (n= 18) and without pre-lecture group (n=18). The data collection was continued through out the whole academic session 2011-12. The data analysis was made by using t-test at 5% level of significance. The results revealed as whole the students with pre-lecture performed significantly better than the students without pre-lecture. The findings outlined that the use of pre-lecture strengthened mathematical connections, which further enhanced their understanding in mathematics.

The present study examines the role of religion in mental health and quality of life, is discussed. Present study is based on descriptive research method, is correlational. The population of all male students, city Sarpolezohab the academic year 2014/2013, are studying samples with 280 people, according to a random sampling method, is considered. Instruments used in this study, the questionnaire Baraheni religious attitude and mental health questionnaire (28 - GHQ), a global health and quality of life are. Results from the study showed that between negative religious attitudes, and mental health. students, there was a significant negative relationship. Negative religious attitude, the quality of life for students, there was a significant negative relationship. Religious attitude, positive mental health of students, there was a significant positive relationship. Between positive religious attitude, the quality of life for students, there was a significant positive relationship. Thus, religion can be, on all factors have an important role in the pathogenesis of stress and situational evaluation, cognitive evaluation of a person, action, advocacy and resources.... may diminish mental.

Numerous studies on adolescents have explored factors associated with sexual risk-taking behaviors among youth. However, few studies have examined the link between social exclusion of youth in social and sexual matters and sexual risk-taking behaviors associated with HIV/AIDS infection. This study was carried out using cross sectional design among 365 students randomly selected in secondary school in Bondo District, Kenya in order to determine the link between social exclusion and sexual risk-taking behavior associated with HIV/AIDS infection. The study also examined the moderating effect of age, gender and orphanhood on the relationship between social exclusion and sexual risk-taking behaviors. The findings of the study revealed positive correlation between social exclusion and sexual risk-taking behavior associated with HIV/AIDS infection. The study found out that age, gender and orphanhood moderates the relationship between social exclusion and sexual risk-taking behavior. Conclusion drawn from the study was that an increase in exclusion of youth on basis of age, gender and orphanhood could hamper efforts to slow down the spread of HIV infection in successive generations. Current best practice emphasizes the need for multilevel inclusion of youth in the family, schools, church and societal decision making processes in social and sexual matters that affect them.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality characteristics, based on the Five Factor Model of personality, mental health, Azad University of Chaloos, was performed. The present study, the type of non- experimental or descriptive More specifically, the project was correlation. Population, all students, Azad University, Chaloos, in the academic year 2014/2013, were enrolled, the formed, numbering 2,500, respectively. samples 330 through Morgan was chosen. instrument used in this study, two standardized questionnaire, features five big personality factors McCrae and Costa (1985 ), and health Questionnaire, 28 - GHQ is used. Our results indicate that, between physical symptoms, personality characteristics (extraversion, accountability, consistency and Welcome ), a significant positive correlation, and between social functioning, personality characteristics (extraversion, responsibility flexibility, adaptability and Welcome ), a significant positive correlation, and between anxiety symptoms, personality characteristics (extraversion, accountability, consistency and Welcome ), a negative relationship, and the symptoms of depression, personality characteristics (extraversion, accountability, consistency and Welcome ), a negative relationship, and the personality trait of neuroticism, positive and significant relationship, and the total score of mental health, personality characteristics (extraversion, accountability, consistency and Welcome ) there is a significant positive relationship. The overall results of the study suggest that, with every aspect of the character to behave in certain ways and have certain expectations, abilities and behavioral skills, unique and have different needs, based on the personality pattern, with the needs, expectations, motivations, expectations and specific goals, are.

The present study investigated the relationship between Unknown emotional, interpersonal problems, in high school students' knowledge Sarpolezahab district, is at 2012-2013 years. Research method was descriptive, correlational, population of this study, all high school students Sarpolezahab district boys and girls in the age group 14-19 years, a total of 5435 people. using simple random sampling, a statistical sample of 360 students (180 girls and 180 boys) were selected by Morgan. instrument used in this study, the scale of emotional Unknown Toronto (FTAS-20), and the scale of interpersonal problems (IIP-60), has been used. methods of data collection, data analysis, the index and methods of descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics including the Pearson correlation coefficient, t the independent variable in the regression to predict criterion has been used in research. The results showed that the students have difficulty describing feelings, interpersonal problems, positive correlation is, and the difficulty in identifying feelings, and externally oriented thinking with interpersonal problems related to students there. Results of regression analysis, showed Unknown components can be emotional components of interpersonal problems (responsibility, confidence, decisiveness), penetrate the nose. Based on the present results, we can conclude that the Unknown emotional, and personal problems between students, the relationship is positive and significant.

Because of the importance and necessity of self-esteem and communicational skills and their effects on teenagers, daily relations with each other, a omni lateral study of the factors could be efficient in training and educational matters of students with hearing impairments. The study mainly aims to confirm the effect of training communicative skills on self-esteem of deaf and partially deaf teenagers. The research method is experimental, and the plot is pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical community includes 65 female high school students at craft and technology 24-hours deaf and hard of hearing school in Amol city in 2012-2013 raining 15-20 years of age. From the community, a 30- students sample was randomly taken and divided into two experimental and control group with 15 students in each. To collect data, cooper smith's self-esteem test was used. The experimental group under took six 1-hour communicative skills trainings, each weak for amount. The results showed that the training had a positive effect on impaired students at P=0.000 level. So, it is concluded that training communicative skills is an efficient method in increasing self-esteem in teenagers with hearing impairments.

The magnificent and painful experience of falling in love is unforgettable for the most of the young people. This article describes young adults’ (N=55) experiences of falling in love: where love begins, what happens when you fall in love, what kind of phases the process of falling in love comprises, and what are the problems that falling in love causes like. Falling in love turned out to be a fascinating temporary metamorphosis that responds to the (partly taught and predetermined) dreams but provides painful disappointments as well. The models and images given in public can be spuriously unbalanced: falling in love is not just happiness and joy. Instead, falling in love is a learning experience that moulds the young people’s identity and self-esteem.

Information is a core component of knowledge to enhance the productivity, efficiency and performance. However, information seeking behavior depends mainly upon availability, accessibility, and media exposure. Media buying attitude and media preferences are influenced by the quality of information seeking behavior. The environmental influence on perception needs channelization in regard the magnitude of usefulness of information. The present study is focused on health development information amongst adolescents of rural areas of Sitapur and Unnao districts. This survey was conducted on randomly selected 320 Adolescents of deprived rural areas. The results depicts the most prominent health information is accumulated mainly on interpersonal interactions between friends, neighbors and family which are basically based on health department instructions. The main conclusion is the need to seek and use the health information in various ways, directly or indirectly. Indirectly, when an individual is passively receiving information from the media or from a person, and this includes the passive search category. While, directly is when a person intentionally aims to seek out for health information through various ways, such as, inquiring to a person, health care institution, doctors, ANM/ ASHAs , or to other health information sources, including obtaining information from the media.

The objective of this paper is to investigate the role of self-efficacy as a moderator between individual’s absorptive capacity and knowledge acquisition behaviour among engineers in the electrical and electronic (E&E) sector in Malaysia. The study utilized survey method to collect the data. There were 305 responses for the survey. Partial least square (PLS) properties of structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to measure the interaction between absorptive capacity and self-efficacy and its effect knowledge acquisition. The study found no support for self-efficacy as a moderator between the two variables.