Archives-October 2011

In recent years communication network has been undergoing major changes in network architecture and services. Network must be designed for flexibility and adaptability with respect to access topology and routing. The system should operate well under the variety of unexpected condition and node failures. Under such situation the shortest path table must be updated properly. Many traditional algorithms were used has several drawbacks .In order to resolve that drawbacks, a New VLSI based routing network model is proposed for routing which can handle component failures. The learning algorithm for routing is developed using cost function to be minimized to find the optimized path. It is simulated and synthesized using Verilogpro and Leonardo spectrum. Also it has been analyzed using c.

Since Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit with a self-commutated converter is capable of controlling both the active and reactive power simultaneously and quickly, increasing attention has been focused recently on power system stabilization by SMES control. In this paper investigates the self tuning control scheme for SMES is proposed and applied to Automatic Generation Control (AGC) in power system. The system is assumed to be consisting of two areas. The proposed self-tuning control scheme is used to implement the automatic generation control for load frequency control application adding to conventional control configuration. The effects of the self tuning configuration with Fuzzy Proportional Integral Controller (FPIC) in AGC on SMES control for the improvement of Load Frequency Control (LFC) is compared with that of PI controlled AGC. The effectiveness of the SMES control technique is investigated when Area Control Error (ACE) is used as the control input to SMES. The computer simulation of the two-area interconnected power system shows that the self tuning FPIC control scheme of AGC is very effective in damping out of the oscillations caused by load disturbances in one or both of the areas and it is also seen that the FPIC controlled SMES performs primary frequency control more effectively compared to PI controlled SMES in AGC control

In prospect of escalating resistance to existing antimicrobial agents, herbal drugs are being looked as an imperative source for discovery of new agents for treating various ailments related to bacterial infections. C.occidentalis is an annual herb in India, has been used as folk medicine and found to posses wide range of pharmacological behaviors. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the effects of C.occidentalis leaf extracts on the growth of various pathogenic microorganisms based on the inhibition zone using disc diffusion assay, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values. The crude aqueous extract had been fractioned in to aqueous and ethylacetate fraction using biofractionation assay. In this, the aqueous fraction of C.occidentalis had no antimicrobial effect against the test microorganisms where as ethyl acetate fraction had inhibitory effects on the growth of 9 strains of 9 bacterial species and one fungal isolate. Bactericidal activity of microorganism was also found using Time kill curve.

Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus sp., and Neochloris sp. were isolated from fresh water ponds in and around Gandhigram, Dindigul District, Tamilnadu, India and used for lipid extraction. Different methods, including autoclaving, bead-beating, microwaves, sonication and a 10% NaCl solution treatments were tested to identify the most effective cell disruption method. The total lipids from three microalgal species were extracted using a mixture of chloroform and methanol. Fatty acid composition was detected by GC. Finally the sonication method was found to be the most applicable and efficient method of lipid extraction from microalgae. Neochloris sp. showed higher oleic acid productivity of 18.09 mg g-1 dw but Chlorella sp. was linoleic acid productivity of 17.61 mg g-1 dw when the cells were disrupted using the sonication method.

In the present work, the building waste material Red Kotta was treated with sulphuric acid and formaldehyde and used as an adsorbent for the removal of Methylene red from aqueous solution. The adsorption characteristics of Methylene red dye on untreated and treated Red Kotta powder was evaluated as a function of pH, adsorbent dose, initial concentration of adsorbate, contact time and temperature. The effective adsorption was found to be in pH range 2 to7, adsorbent dose 1gm to 5 gm, initial concentration (100ppm to 500ppm) and temperature range (283K to 313K). The results show that Red Kotta powder holds a great potential in removal of Methylene red dye from industrial wastewater.

In this paper, a novel technique to improve the performance of the LMS method is implemented. As noise is characterized in the low frequency region, the volume of the passive absorbers used increases. Hence, we go in for active methods of suppression. Conventional noise controllers are adaptive filters with the parameters updated mainly on the least mean square basis. It is shown how the least-mean squares algorithm (LMS) can be implemented by using the graphical language LabVIEW. The LMS algorithm under pins the vast majority of current signal processing adaptive algorithm including noise cancellation, beamforming, deconvolution, equalization and so on. It will be shown that labVIEW is a convenient and powerful method of implementing such algorithms.

The aim of the paper is to analyze the service quality of technical education being imparted by various institutes in Jammu region. The objective is to determine the satisfaction level of students and the study found that the gap between perception and expectation is negative which proves that no institution is considered satisfactory by the students. But comparing all, MIET is showing the best results in SERVQUAL measure as it has the least gap between perception and expectation. GCET is also scoring well in case of assurance as it has a well qualified teaching staff as compared to other private institutes and also provides assurance of Quality education and placement opportunities.

The corporate sector is built for making profit any how and this tendency leads them for breach in regulation and norms. Bhopal gas tragedy (BGT) is burning example of it which was widely regarded as the World’s worst ever industrial disaster in human history. It was a corporate crime of historic proportions. Actually Globalisation has opened the door for every nation and almost every nation depends upon another for one or another reason. Technology transfer is one of the examples of dependency. Any fault in technology either or along with human error become cause of such disaster in which human and humanity both suffer generations to generations. Strange are ways of law. Ironically, Indian law system is not capable of handling corporate criminals where masses are to be compensated for loss of life, health and property. At least verdict of CJM Court (Bhopal) on Bhopal Tragedy, attesting this statement. So we need international approach. This paper is a humble attempt to match the essential elements of Crimes against Humanity with facts of Bhopal Gas Tragedy where recklessness, continous gross negligence could be apparently seen. If it is matched then it should be considered as corporate crimes against humanity.

In the present paper, we have generalized Shannon inequality for Aczel and Daroczy entropy and give its application in coding theory. We define mean codeword length and their bounds have been defined and a coding theorem on a lower and upper bounds of a generalized mean codeword length in terms of Aczel and Daroczy entropy has been proved.

National culture plays a pivotal role in shaping the behavior of individuals in all spheres of life. This behavior also guides individuals towards opting between doing job or starting a personal business. Little work has been done so far to examine the effects of national culture on entrepreneurial intentions of citizens in the same country. This study fills this gap by examining the effects of Hofstede (1984) national culture’s dimensions on entrepreneurial intentions of individual’s for the case of Pakistan. The culture dimensions included; power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, collectivism, long/short term orientation. The data has been collected from employees working in various organizations of Pakistan. Structural equation modeling technique has been adopted to analyze the data and to interpret the results. The study found that cultural dimensions including; higher power distance, collectivism, masculinity and short term orientation are having negative effects on organizational performance for the case of Pakistan. The study has discussed the important implications of national culture’s dimensions to improve the organizational performance.