Archives-January 2015

This paper presents a multiple description coding method for HD image. The proposed method is bases on the SPIHT algorithm which provides high image compression ratio. The algorithm based on wavelet transforms and Wavelet-based compression provides multi-resolution hierarchical characteristics. This proposed method also uses poly phase sampling technique to generate multiple descriptions. The technique reduces the transmission error and memory required for storing HD images. The proposed method proved higher performances in terms of PSNR when compared to the standard SPIHT. The graph of PSNR versus BER is given in the experimental results.

A field experiment on sugarcane was conducted at Anbil Dharma lingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tiruchirapalli with the view to identify sodic tolerant variety and suitable amendment for sodic soil. Four sugarcane varieties viz., Co Si (Sc) 6, Co C (Sc) 86032, Co C (Sc) 23 and Co G (Sc) 5 and three amendments viz., pressmud @ 12.5 t ha -1, gypsum @ 4.8 t ha -1 and bottom slag @ 15 t ha-1 were studied along with the unamended control in the experiment were studied. The results revealed that sugarcane varieties Co G (Sc) 5 and Co C (Sc) 23 gave higher K+: Na+ as compared to the Co Si (Sc) 6 and Co C (Sc) 86032 under sodic soil. The sugarcane varieties namely Co G (Sc) 5 and Co C (Sc) 23 were found to be superior for accumulating more K than the Na+, hence these might be considered suitable for growing under sodic soil.

Thermal designing of a shell and tube heat exchanger typically includes the determination of heat transfer area ,number of tubes, tube length and tube diameter ,tube layout, number of shell and tube passes ,tube pitch, number of baffles, its type and size, shell and tube side pressure drop. This paper reveals the effects various parameters in the thermal designing of shell and tube heat exchanger.

The four quadrant analog multiplier proposed by Rathor and Bhattacharya is reanalysed and modified in a different way for simple and low cost multiplication applications without using any reference waveforms. Verification of the feasibility of the circuit configuration is established by way of test results.

A circuit which accepts two sinusoidal waveforms with phase difference Ø and provides two dc output voltages in which one dc output voltage is proportional to the quadrature component SinØ and the another is proportional to the in phase component CosØ, by position sampling of the reference quadrature waveforms, is described in this letter.

Increasing need for energy and limited fossil resources, increasing environmental pollution resulting from the burning of these resources, the effects of global warming and the greenhouse effects, acid rain and the need to balance the propagation of CO2, all call for the necessity of saving fossil resources and increased attention to the use of renewable energy sources. Wind energy is one of the main types of renewable energies that have always attracted the human mind so that man is always thinking of using this energy in the industry. The human had been used wind to move boats and sailing ships and windmills. In the current situation with regard to the above mentioned terms and economic justification of wind energy compared to other energy sources, wind energy seems to be vital and essential. This article firstly provides an introduction to the field installation locations of wind turbines in the power system and then various methods for predicting wind speed and power of wind farms are expressed. After that Modeling of wind powerhouses are explained. Finally, wind powerhouse modeling methods are fully described and the equations of each model are given.

There is a controversy over providing error correction feedback on L2 writing. Some researchers propose that it should be totally abandoned. Other researchers claim that the basis for the proof of these studies is insufficient and further investigation is required. In this research, it was examined whether the type of corrective feedback (direct, explicit writing feedback along with student-teacher conferencing; direct, explicit writing feedback alone; no corrective feedback) on three types of error (prepositions, the past simple tense, and the definite article) had any significant effect on writing accuracy of Iranian university students. For this purpose, 60 university students majoring in English Language Teaching were selected and they were separated into three groups. Each group was exposed to a distinct corrective feedback. The study found significant effect for the application of the first corrective feedback (direct, explicit written and conference feedback) on students’ writing accuracy in the case of past simple tense and the definite article. But these feedback types had no significant effect on writing accuracy when the three error types were considered as a single group.

In this study the determinants of share price movements of sugar sector of Pakistan are determined. Data is taken from 2005-2010 of each company of sugar sector. Data is analyzed using three methods as by descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. As in this study ROA (return on assets), ROCE (return on capital employed), EPS (earning per share) and dividend are used as an independent variables and share prices as dependent variable. Relationship between variables is determined through correlation and how much change in dependent variable due to independent variables is determined by regression analysis. Result show that 13.25%variation in dependent variable is explained by ROA, ROCE, EPS and dividend.

This paper examines, on theoretical as well as on Constitutional basis, Corporate Social Responsibility, and tries to locate its basis in our constitutional ideals, and thereby it will provide an insight of ‘Constitutional Discourse’ for CSR. It makes a literary attempt to summarize idea of Corporate Social Responsibility and explores ‘constitutional ideals’, ‘goals for the nation’, and the ‘means’ to achieve those ideals and goals. It provides an ‘alternative argument’ for promoting CSR as a duty/service ‘towards the nation’ as provided under Article 51A of the Constitution of India. This ‘alternative argument’ tries to symbolize idea of ‘corporate-citizenship’ in its truest sense. It tries to encapsulate CSR in terms of promoting ‘fraternity’, a vision of the Constitution, as declared and pledged in the Preamble. Part 5th discusses the futurology of CSR, and all other incidental matters including summations.

Natural gas is fast becoming the main component in India’s vast energy sector. Due to its ease of handling and greater efficiency, natural gas is proving its utility both as fuel and feedstock. It has helped to attract investments and catalyse new demand and supply. This sector has witnessed significant developments over the years. The objective of this paper is an analysis done to see the extent to which a company has implemented using rules financial performance is good and right. Data has been taken from 2009 to 2013 in this study. Financial statements of GAIL, EGL, IGL and GGC for the indicated periods were obtained from websites such as prowess, CMIE, money control and yahoo finance. Necessary information derived from these financial statements were summarized and used to compute the financial ratios for the five-year period. Financial ratios are tools used to measure the profitability, liquidity and solvency performance of four major Indian gas distribution companies. This research is to analyze the financial statements of these companies using liquidity ratios, activity ratios, leverage ratios, profitability ratios, and market value ratios. For liquidity, the following ratios were used: current ratio, quick or acid-test ratio. For activity, Inventory turnover ratio, debtor turnover ratio and working capital turnover ratios were used. For leverage, the following ratios were used i.e. debt ratio, equity ratio, and interest coverage ratio. For profitability, net profit margin, return on assets, return on shareholder’s equity, and earnings per share were used. For market value, price-earnings ratio and earning par share ratios were used.